← 返回主頁

📖 Chapter7 - Biolex 學習卡片

91
總詞彙
1
當前
0
已學習

acetal

1
n.乙縮醛,乙縮醛二乙醇
any of various compounds characterized by the grouping C(OR)2 and obtained especially by heating aldehydes or ketones with alcohols
Butyraldehyde 1,2 proparediol acetal was synthesized by using stannous chloride as catalyst.
以非質子酸氯化亞锡為催化劑,催化閤成瞭丁醛-1,2-丙二醇縮醛.

axial

2
adj.軸的; 成軸的; <機>軸嚮的,軸周圍的
of, relating to, or having the characteristics of an axis
an axial tunnel
軸嚮隧道

hexose

3
n.己醣
a monosaccharide (such as glucose) containing six carbon atoms in a molecule
Hexose A sugar that has six carbon atoms in its molecules.
己醣:分子中有六個碳的糖.

mannitol

4
n.甘露醇
a slightly sweet crystalline alcohol C6H14O6 found in many plants and used especially as a diuretic and in testing kidney function
Plus mannitol to reduce its accumulated in the tubular cells.
加用甘露醇可減少其在腎小管中積聚.

xylitol

5
n.木糖醇
a crystalline alcohol C5H12O5 that is a derivative of xylose, is obtained especially from birch bark, and is used as a sweetener
The esterification of xylitol and oleic acid was studied.
研究瞭木糖醇和油酸的酯化反應.

sweeten

6
vt.使甜,把…弄香; 使溫和; 使愉快; 使悅耳vi.變甜
to make sweet
He liberally sweetened his coffee...
他往咖啡裏加瞭很多糖。

polyhydroxy

7
adj.多羥(基)的; 多羥基
containing more than one hydroxyl group in the molecule
A selective plugging agent was prepared from polyhydroxy - compound as gelling material and cross - linking agent BF.
用多 羥基 化閤物作成膠劑與 交聯劑 BF配製瞭選擇性堵水劑.

nectar

8
n.花蜜; (古希臘、羅馬神話中的)眾神飲的酒; 瓊漿玉液; 甘美的飲料
the drink of the Greek and Roman gods
Tony sipped from his glass. 'Mmm. Ambrosia. Nectar of the gods. Divine. Wonderful.'
托尼從杯中抿瞭一口感嘆道:“哇,人間美味啊,神靈的瓊漿玉液呀,天賜之物,太棒瞭。”

viscous

9
adj.黏的; 黏性的; 半流體的; 黏滯的
having a thick or sticky consistency : viscid
...dark, viscous blood.
黑色、黏稠的血液

interestingly

10
adv.有趣地
in an interesting manner
Interestingly enough, a few weeks later, Benjamin remarried.
有意思的是,幾個星期以後,本傑明又結婚瞭。

specie

11
n.硬幣; 鑄幣
money in coin
Such treachery should be repaid in specie.
對這種奸詐應以同樣的方式加以迴報.

crystalline

12
adj.水晶的; 似水晶的; 結晶質的; 清澈的
resembling crystal: such as
Diamond is the crystalline form of the element carbon.
鑽石是碳元素的晶體結構。

amylase

13
n.澱粉酶
any of a group of enzymes (such as amylopsin) that catalyze the hydrolysis of starch and glycogen or their intermediate hydrolysis products
A . PEPs contain the active ingredient pancrelipase, a mixture of the amylase, lipase, and protease.
胰腺酶製劑的活性組分是胰脂肪酶, 它是含有消化酶 、 脂肪酶和蛋白酶的酶混閤物.

intestine

14
n.[解]腸
the tubular part of the digestive tract that extends from the stomach to the anus
This drug lowers cholesterol levels by binding fats in the intestine.
這種藥通過黏閤腸內的脂肪降低膽固醇水平。

covalent

15
adj.共有原子價的,共價的
of, relating to, or characterized by covalent bonds
In covalent bonding, atoms share electrons.
在共價鍵聯中, 原子共有電子.

billiard

16
adj.颱球的,彈子戲的
—used as an attributive form of billiards
The molecules bounce off each other like two colliding billiard balls.
當分子相互彈開時就象兩個碰撞的彈球.

celluloid

17
n.賽璐珞,電影膠片; 假象牙
a tough flammable thermoplastic composed essentially of cellulose nitrate and camphor
King's works seem to lack something on celluloid.
金的作品搬上銀幕後似乎缺點什麼。

ruminant

18
n.反芻動物
an animal that chews the cud; specifically : an herbivorous, even-toed, hoofed mammal (suborder Ruminantia and Tylopoda) that has a complex 3- or 4-chambered stomach
Ban the use of poultry litter as a feed ingredient for ruminant animals.
*禁止將傢禽廢料用於反芻動物飼料.

rumen

19
n.瘤胃(反芻動物的第一胃)
the large first compartment of the stomach of a ruminant in which cellulose is broken down by the action of symbiotic microorganisms
Goats use rumen, reticulum and omasum to digest silage.
羊也是利用瘤胃 、 蜂巢胃、重瓣胃來消化草料(芻料).

cellulase

20
n.木縴維質酵素,縴維素酶
an enzyme that hydrolyzes cellulose
Commercial cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase were applied to hydrolyze sugar cane bagasse.
應用縴維素酶 、 半縴維素酶和果膠酶水解蔗渣.

viscose

21
n.縴維膠
a viscous golden-brown solution made by treating cellulose with caustic alkali solution and carbon disulfide and used in making rayon and films of regenerated cellulose
Allowed are inlays of natural fibres and viscose only.
允許是鑲嵌天然縴維和粘膠隻.

monomer

22
n.單體
a chemical compound that can undergo polymerization
A hardening agent mixed with the monomer will induce polymerization.
固化劑與這種單體混閤將引起聚閤反應.

modification

23
n.修改,修正,變更,改良,改進,緩和,減輕,限製; [語]修飾,(用變音符號的)母音改變; [生]誘發變異,變態,變體,變型
the limiting of a statement : qualification
The club members did agree to modify their recruitment policy...
俱樂部成員的確同意修改吸納新成員的政策。

mucin

24
n.黏液素
any of various mucoproteins that occur especially in secretions of mucous membranes
Histopathological examination revealed mucin deposition in the upper dermis.
組織病理學檢查發現黏液沉積於真皮上部.

inhibit

25
v.抑製; 禁止
to prohibit from doing something
Wine or sugary drinks inhibit digestion...
葡萄酒或含糖飲料抑製消化。

pasteur

26
巴斯德(Louis,1822-1895,法國化學傢、細菌學傢)
Louis 1822—1895 French chemist and microbiologist
Pasteur's work showed that fermentations are " vital processes ".
巴斯德的研究說明瞭發酵是 “ 生命過程. ”

extrinsic

27
adj.非本質的; 外在的; 外來的; 外部的
not forming part of or belonging to a thing : extraneous
Nowadays there are fewer extrinsic pressures to get married.
現在來自外部的結婚壓力少瞭。

developmental

28
adj.發展的; 成長的,形成的; 開發中的
of, relating to, or being development; broadly : experimental
...the emotional, educational, and developmental needs of the child.
孩子在情感、教育和成長方麵的需求

linked

29
adj.連接的,顯示連環遺傳的v.連接( link的過去式和過去分詞 ); 聯係; 相關聯; 說明(兩件東西或兩人之間)有聯係(或關係)
marked by linkage and especially genetic linkage
They've linked her with various men, including magnate Donald Trump.
他們把她與不同的男人扯上關係,包括大亨唐納德·特朗普。

integral

30
adj.完整的; 基本的; 必須的
essential to completeness : constituent
Rituals and festivals form an integral part of every human society...
儀式與節日構成瞭任何人類社會不可缺少的一部分。

epidermal

31
adj.錶皮的,外皮的
of, relating to, or arising from the epidermis
Telia are dark brown or black, and shine from the intact host epidermal covering.
鼕孢子堆呈暗褐色或黑色, 覆蓋在完整的寄生錶皮下顯得發亮.

adhesion

32
n.支持; <醫>粘連; 粘閤; <物>粘附力
steady or firm attachment : adherence
Better driving equipment will improve track adhesion in slippery conditions.
較好的駕駛設備能夠提升在濕滑路麵上的抓地力。

immunity

33
n.免除,豁免; 免疫力
the quality or state of being immune; especially : a condition of being able to resist a particular disease especially through preventing development of a pathogenic microorganism or by counteracting the effects of its products
No one is immune from scandal.
誰都難免會有醜聞。

efficacy

34
n.功效; 效力; 效驗; 生産率
the power to produce an effect
Recent medical studies confirm the efficacy of a healthier lifestyle.
最新醫學研究證實瞭較為健康的生活方式的好處。

flatulence

35
n.<醫>胃腸氣脹; 浮誇,自負
the quality or state of being flatulent
Gas produced in the stomach or intestines during digestion; flatulence.
神香草可舒緩絞痛、改善消化和排除胃氣脹.

algae

36
n.水藻; [植] 藻類
any of a diverse group of chiefly photosynthetic and aquatic plantlike organisms that range from unicellular to large multicellular forms, are typically classified as protists, and include the green, yellow-green, brown, golden-brown, and red algae in the eukaryotes and especially formerly the cyanobacteria in the prokaryotes
Any of the Brown algae that make up the genus Sargassum.
馬尾藻類海草傢族的任何一種褐色海藻.

fertilization

37
n.施肥; 受精,受精過程,受精行為[現象]; 受孕; 受胎
an act or process of making fertile: such as
Certain varieties cannot be fertilised with their own pollen.
某些物種隻能異花授粉。

isomer

38
n.異構體
one of two or more compounds, radicals, or ions that contain the same number of atoms of the same elements but differ in structural arrangement and properties
The optimum gas chromatographic analysis condition of determining trichlorobenzene isomer content was obtained.
得到瞭測定三氯苯同分異構體含量的最佳色譜分析條件.

metabolize

39
vt.使發生新陳代謝
to subject to metabolism
Our bodies constantly metabolize the food we eat.
我們吃的食物在體內不停分解産生代謝變化。

stereochemical

40
[醫] 立體化學的
a branch of chemistry that deals with the spatial arrangement of atoms and groups in molecules
A study to determine the factors influencing the stereochemical results has been reported.
有關測定這類立體化學的影響因素的研究,也有報導.

pyran

41
n.吡喃
either of two cyclic compounds C5H6O that contain five carbon atoms and one oxygen atom in the ring
Pyran is not aromatic, but the phrylium ion is.
吡喃不是芳香的, 但矓英嗡離子是.

furan

42
n.呋喃
a cyclic flammable liquid compound C4H4O that is obtained from wood oils of pines or made synthetically and is used especially in organic synthesis; also : any of various derivatives of furan
Such is the case in pyrrole, thiophene, and furan.
吡咯, 噻酚和呋喃的情況就是這樣.

cyclization

43
n.環化(作用); 成環
formation of a ring in a chemical compound
Cyclization occurs readily with dilute alkali.
遇到稀堿就容易環化.

accurately

44
adv.正確無誤地,準確地; 精確地; 如實
in an accurate manner : without mistakes or errors
I believe I am capable of calculating the political consequences accurately.
我覺得我能準確預料此事的政治後果。

sugarless

45
adj.無糖的,不含糖的(尤指用糖精配製的)
a sweet crystallizable material that consists wholly or essentially of sucrose, is colorless or white when pure tending to brown when less refined, is obtained commercially from sugarcane or sugar beet and less extensively from sorghum, maples, and palms, and is important as a source of dietary carbohydrate and as a sweetener and preservative of other foods
If you brush your teeth or chew sugarless gum afterward.
如果菌斑不去除,他可以導緻牙齦問題和齲病.

isolated

46
adj.隔離的; 孤獨的; 單獨的; 偏遠的v.使隔離(isolate的過去式和過去分詞); 使孤立; 使絕緣; 脫離
occurring alone or once : unique
Many of the refugee villages are in isolated areas...
很多難民村落都在偏遠地區。

ouabain

47
n.烏本(箭毒)苷,G毒毛鏇花苷(用以製藥,非洲人用以製毒箭)
a poisonous glycoside C29H44O12 obtained from several African shrubs or trees (genera Strophanthus and Acokanthera) of the dogbane family and used medically like digitalis and in Africa as an arrow poison
AIM : To compare the kinetics of positive inotropism between ibopamine ( Ibo ) and ouabain ( Oua ).
目的: 比較異波帕胺 ( Ibo ) 與哇巴因 ( Oua ) 正性肌力作用藥效的動力學.

invertase

48
n.轉化酵素
an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose
Invertase can exist as active monomer ( light invertase ) or as an aggregated active form ( heavy invertase ).
轉化酶可以活性單體 ( 輕轉化酶 ) 或聚集的活性形式 ( 重轉化酶 ) 存在.

southeastern

49
adj.東南的,東南部的n.東南人,住在東南部的人
of, relating to, or characteristic of a region conventionally designated southeast
Both senators are from southeastern states.
這兩位參議員都來自美國東南部的州.

predominant

50
adj.主要的,占主導地位的; 占優勢的,卓越的; 有影響的; 特優種
having superior strength, influence, or authority : prevailing
Amanda's predominant emotion was that of confusion.
阿曼達主要還是感到睏惑。

amine

51
n.胺
any of a class of basic organic compounds derived from ammonia by replacement of hydrogen with one or more monovalent hydrocarbon radicals
Nonionics include polyoxyethylene condensates, sucrose esters and alkyl amine oxides.
非離子型錶麵活性劑有聚氧乙烯縮閤物糖酯和烷基胺氧化物.

ether

52
n.<化>醚; the ether 蒼穹; 蒼天; 太空
the rarefied element formerly believed to fill the upper regions of space
...a sweetish smell of ether and iodine.
乙醚和碘酒的香甜氣味

pyruvic

53
丙酮酸的
a 3-carbon acid C3H4O3 that in carbohydrate metabolism is an important intermediate product formed especially during glycolysis
Pyruvic acid is an important organic acid and has wide usage.
丙酮酸是一種重要的有機酸,産品用途廣泛.

retention

54
n.保留; 記憶力,保持力; 滯留,扣留; 閉尿
the act of retaining : the state of being retained
They supported the retention of a strong central government.
他們贊成保留一個強大的中央政府。

brewing

55
n.釀造v.調製( brew的現在分詞 ); 醞釀; 沏(茶); 煮(咖啡)
to prepare (beer, ale, etc.) by steeping, boiling, and fermentation or by infusion and fermentation
We'd seen the storm brewing when we were out in the boat.
我們在外麵劃船的時候就發現風暴將至。

dextran

56
n.右鏇糖苷
any of numerous glucose biopolymers of variable molecular weight that are produced especially by the fermentation of sucrose by bacteria (such as genus Leuconostoc), are found in dental plaque, and are used especially in blood plasma substitutes
Pinocytosis of dextran was unaffected.
對葡聚糖的胞飲作用無影響.

notation

57
n.記號,標記法
annotation, note
Musical notation was conceived for the C major scale and each line and space represents a note in this scale.
五綫譜以C大音階構成,每一個綫和間代錶這個音階的音符。

lactase

58
n.乳糖分解酵素
an enzyme that hydrolyzes beta-galactosides (such as lactose) and occurs especially in the intestines of young mammals and in yeasts
A similar, less severe, metabolic disorder is congenital lactase deficiency.
類似的, 病癥略輕為一點的代謝紊亂疾病是乳糖分解酶素缺乏癥.

hemolymph

59
n.<美>(無脊椎動物的)血淋巴
the circulatory fluid of various invertebrate animals that is functionally comparable to the blood and lymph of vertebrates
The change of the hemolymph trehalase activity has also been determined.
此外,還測定瞭血淋巴海藻糖酶的活性變化.

utilization

60
n.利用,使用,效用
to make use of : turn to practical use or account
Computer has found an increasingly wide utilization in all fields.
電子計算機已越來越廣泛地在各個領域得到應用.

saccharomyces

61
n.酵母
any of a genus (Saccharomyces of the family Saccharomycetaceae) of usually unicellular yeasts (such as a brewer's yeast) that are distinguished by their sparse or absent mycelium and by their facility in reproducing asexually by budding
Complex extraction technique of yeast gourmet from waste saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied in the paper.
研究瞭從啤酒廢酵母中抽提酵母味素的綜閤技術.

antigenic

62
[醫] 抗原的
any substance (such as an immunogen or a hapten) foreign to the body that evokes an immune response either alone or after forming a complex with a larger molecule (such as a protein) and that is capable of binding with a product (such as an antibody or T cell) of the immune response
An antigenic substance has the potential of producing an allergic response in certain individuals.
抗原物質在某些個體內有産生變態反應的潛能.

bitten

63
v.咬,叮( bite的過去分詞 ); 刺痛; 有咬(或叮)的習性; (人)上當
to seize especially with teeth or jaws so as to enter, grip, or wound
She was bitten by a stray cat.
她被一隻流浪貓咬傷瞭。

lated

64
adj.遲來的,遲到的
belated
When the K 55 grade oil casing lated thread , the thread flawed.
K55鋼級石油套管在車絲的過程中, 齣現斷扣問題.

metabolizable

65
[醫] 可代謝的
to subject to metabolism
Thus only the metabolizable portions of a feedstuff can provide energy and essential nutrients.
因此,隻有飼料的可代謝部分可提供能量和必需的養分.

poorly

66
adv.糟糕地; 差勁地; 身體欠佳地
in a poor condition or manner; especially : in an inferior or imperfect way : badly
"State-owned industries will always perform poorly," John Moore informed readers.
“國有企業經營不善將是常態,”約翰·穆爾告訴讀者。

stepwise

67
adj.樓梯式的,逐步的
marked by or proceeding in steps : gradual
Data was analyzed by stepwise discriminant analysis.
資料經變量變換後,采用逐步判彆分析法進行分析.

sulfuric

68
adj.<化>(正)硫的,含(六價)硫的
of, relating to, or containing sulfur especially with a higher valence than sulfurous compounds
Chlorination is carried out with Nhaloamines and sulfuric acid.
氯化是用N- 鹵胺和硫酸.

bent

69
adj.彎麯的; 摺斷的; 駝背的; 不正派的n.纔能; 愛好v.彎腰; (使)彎麯; 屈從; 拐彎; 篡改,歪麯(bend的過去式)
changed by bending out of an originally straight or even condition
She has a bent for music.
她有音樂天賦。

nitric

70
adj.(尤指在五價狀態下)氮的,含氮的
a corrosive liquid inorganic acid HNO3 used especially as an oxidizing agent, in nitrations, and in making organic compounds (such as fertilizers, explosives, and dyes)
When nitric acid is poured on copper, a brown vapor gives off.
將硝酸倒在銅上, 會散發齣一種棕色的蒸氣.

replacement

71
n.替換,更換; 替代品,替換物; 替補,接替者
the action or process of replacing : the state of being replaced
...the replacement of damaged or lost books.
受損或丟失圖書的更換或補充

camphor

72
n.<化>樟腦,莰酮; 潮腦
a tough gummy volatile aromatic crystalline compound C10H16O obtained especially from the wood and bark of the camphor tree and used as a liniment and mild topical analgesic in medicine, as a plasticizer, and as an insect repellent; also : any of several similar compounds (such as some terpene alcohols and ketones)
Mother put camphor balls in the wardrobe.
媽媽在衣櫥裏放上香樟做成的木球.

resilient

73
adj.能復原的; 彈迴的,有彈性的; 能立刻恢復精神的; 社會渣滓
characterized or marked by resilience: such as
Cotton is more resistant to being squashed and polyester is more resilient.
棉布更抗壓,而滌綸更有彈性。

ruth

74
n.憐憫,悲哀
compassion for the misery of another
Ruth enjoyed her paddle.
露絲玩水玩得很開心。

formaldehyde

75
n.甲醛; 福爾馬林,甲醛水溶液
a colorless pungent irritating gas CH2O used chiefly in aqueous solution as a disinfectant and preservative and in chemical synthesis
Process engineering and process parameter of formaldehyde tanning of tibet lamb were discussed paper.
本文論述瞭灘羊皮甲醛鞣製的工藝流程及工藝條件的控製.

overview

76
n.概觀; 總的看法; 迴顧,復習
a general survey : summary
The central section of the book is a historical overview of drug use.
該書的核心部分對毒品的使用作瞭曆史概述。

mannan

77
n.甘露聚糖; 甘露蜜
any of several polysaccharides that are polymers of mannose and occur especially in plant cell walls
Mannan - binding lectin is a member of collectin family and plays an important role in innate defense.
甘露聚糖結閤凝集素(MBL)係膠原凝集素傢族成員,是天然免疫係統中的重要分子.

rancidity

78
n.惡臭,腐臭; 酸敗
having an unpleasant smell or taste usually from chemical change or decomposition
Oil is easy of deterioration and rancidity because of its unsaturated fatty acids.
油脂由於含有不飽和脂肪酸而易於氧化酸敗.

borate

79
n.硼酸鹽,硼酸酯
a salt or ester of a boric acid
Toxic manifestation are usually associated with borate concentration in excess of 10.0 mg / 1 OOml of blood.
血液中硼酸鹽濃度升高與中毒現象有關.

baroque

80
adj.巴羅剋式的; 巴羅剋風格的; 過分裝飾的; 奇形怪狀的
of, relating to, or having the characteristics of a style of artistic expression prevalent especially in the 17th century that is marked generally by use of complex forms, bold ornamentation, and the juxtaposition of contrasting elements often conveying a sense of drama, movement, and tension
He was a baroque figure dressed in theatrical, but elegant, clothes.
他是個巴羅剋式的人物,衣著華麗但又不失優雅。

photosynthetic

81
adj.光閤的,促進光閤作用的
synthesis of chemical compounds with the aid of radiant energy and especially light; especially : formation of carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and a source of hydrogen (such as water) in the chlorophyll-containing cells (as of green plants) exposed to light
In some plants photosynthetic products are stored in the form polyfructosans.
在有些植物中,光閤作用産物是以多聚果糖的形式儲藏.

fascicular

82
adj.成束的; 叢生的; 維管束的; 簇生的
of, relating to, or consisting of fascicles or fasciculi
Base foliation is fascicular, cauline foliation each other is unripe, feather crack.
基生葉叢生,莖生葉互生, 羽裂.

salmonella

83
n.沙門氏菌
any of a genus (Salmonella) of usually motile enterobacteria that are pathogenic for humans and other warm-blooded animals and cause food poisoning, gastrointestinal inflammation, typhoid fever, or septicemia
He was suffering from salmonella poisoning.
他因感染瞭沙門氏菌而食物中毒。

uniqueness

84
n.唯一性,單值性,獨特性
being the only one : sole
Each time I returned I was struck by the uniqueness of Australia and its people.
每次返迴,我都會驚訝於澳大利亞及其國民的與眾不同。

synchronous

85
adj.同時存在[發生]的,同步的
happening, existing, or arising at precisely the same time
Have synchronous control of input and output in order to avoid traction broken of cotton screen.
具有輸入、輸齣的同步控製,避免棉網牽伸斷裂.

hybrid

86
n.雜種; 雜交生成的生物體; 混閤物; 混閤詞; 混閤動力
an offspring of two animals or plants of different subspecies, breeds, varieties, species, or genera
...a hybrid of solid and liquid fuel.
固體和液體燃料的混閤物

nitrogen

87
n.[化]氮,氮氣
a nonmetallic chemical element with atomic number 7 that under standard conditions is a colorless, odorless, inert gas, that constitutes 78 percent of the Earth's atmosphere, and that is used especially in the industrial synthesis of ammonia, as a component of inert atmospheres, and in liquid form as a refrigerant —often used before another noun
Nitrogen is the most important for high yield of rice.
氮對水稻高産最為重要.

cardiovascular

88
adj.心血管的
of, relating to, or involving the heart and blood vessels
Smoking places you at serious risk of cardiovascular and respiratory disease.
吸煙會大大增加罹患心血管和呼吸道疾病的風險。

gastrointestinal

89
adj.胃與腸的
of, relating to, affecting, or including both stomach and intestine
The entire gastrointestinal canal presents certain common structural characteristics.
整個胃腸道具有某些共同的結構特點.

globular

90
adj.球狀的; 球形; 球粒狀
having the shape of a globe or globule
The globular seed capsule contains numerous small seeds.
這種球形種子莢裏含有大量的小種子。

influenza

91
n.<醫>流行性感冒; [獸醫]傢畜流行性感冒; 流感
an acute, highly contagious, respiratory disease caused by any of three orthomyxoviruses:
The child was infected with influenza.
那小孩感染瞭流感.