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📖 Chapter08 - Biolex 學習卡片

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diffusion

1
中文翻譯
n.擴散，傳播; 漫射
英文釋義
the state of being spread out or transmitted especially by contact : the action of diffusing
例句 Example
There are data on the rates of diffusion of molecules.
有關於分子擴散速度的數據。

gradient

2
中文翻譯
n.[物]梯度，陡度; （溫度、氣壓等）變化率，梯度變化麯綫; <英>（道路的）傾斜度，坡度
英文釋義
the rate of regular or graded ascent or descent : inclination
例句 Example
The courses are long and punishing, with steep gradients.
這些賽道既長又有陡坡，極具挑戰性。

mitochondria

3
中文翻譯
n.<生>綫粒體; 綫粒體( mitochondrion的名詞復數 )
英文釋義
any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes
例句 Example
The oxaloacetate level in the mitochondria is determined by the redox state.
綫粒體中草酰乙酸水平又取決於氧化還原狀態.

osmosis

4
中文翻譯
n.滲透（作用），潛移默化，耳濡目染
英文釋義
movement of a solvent (such as water) through a semipermeable membrane (as of a living cell) into a solution of higher solute concentration that tends to equalize the concentrations of solute on the two sides of the membrane
例句 Example
...the processes of diffusion and osmosis.
擴散與滲透過程

competitive

5
中文翻譯
adj.競爭的; 有競爭力的
英文釋義
relating to, characterized by, or based on competition
例句 Example
...a travel company specialising in amazingly competitive rates for flights.
專門提供極優惠航班摺扣的旅遊公司

allosteric

6
中文翻譯
adj.變構（象）的; 酶變構
英文釋義
of, relating to, undergoing, or being a change in the shape and activity of a protein (such as an enzyme) that results from combination with another substance at a point other than the chemically active site
例句 Example
Proteins which have two separate but interacting sites are called allosteric proteins.
這種具有兩個不同而又相互作用位置的蛋白質叫做變構蛋白質.

enzyme

7
中文翻譯
n.[生化]酶
英文釋義
any of numerous complex proteins that are produced by living cells and catalyze specific biochemical reactions at body temperatures
例句 Example
Tampering with a single enzyme can lead to untoward effects elsewhere.
破壞一種酶可能會導緻在彆處齣現異常。

phosphorylation

8
中文翻譯
n.磷酸化（作用）
英文釋義
the process of phosphorylating a chemical compound either by reaction with inorganic phosphate or by transfer of phosphate from another organic phosphate; especially : the enzymatic conversion of carbohydrates into their phosphoric esters in metabolic processes
例句 Example
The tyrosine phosphorylation of leptin receptor was revealed by immuno precipitation.
應用免疫沉澱法檢測瘦素受體的酪氨酸磷酸化程度.

golgi

9
中文翻譯
高爾基（姓氏； Camillo, 1844-1926，意大利解剖學傢與病理學傢，曾獲1906年諾貝爾生理學-醫學奬）
英文釋義
of, relating to, or constituting the Golgi apparatus
例句 Example
Pollen grains are rich in mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum.
花粉粒富含綫粒體 、 高爾基體以及內質網上.

unidirectional

10
中文翻譯
adj.單嚮的，單嚮性的
英文釋義
involving, functioning, moving, or responsive in a single direction
例句 Example
Biolar shift registers are classified as unidirectional and bidirectional.
雙極型移位寄存器可分為單嚮和雙嚮兩種.

catalytic

11
中文翻譯
adj.接觸反應的; 起催化作用的n.催化劑; 刺激因素
英文釋義
causing, involving, or relating to catalysis
例句 Example
The first catalytic converters were called conventional oxidation catalysts.
最初的轉化器叫做常規氧化催化器.

analogous

12
中文翻譯
adj.相似的; 可比擬的
英文釋義
similar or comparable to something else either in general or in some specific detail : similar in a way that invites comparison : showing an analogy or a likeness that permits one to draw an analogy
例句 Example
The connection between dreams and reality is sometimes considered analogous to a bridge between two worlds.
夢境與現實之間的聯係有時被認為類似於兩個世界之間的橋梁。

asymmetric

13
中文翻譯
adj.不對稱的，不勻稱的; <邏>非對稱的
英文釋義
having two sides or halves that are not the same : not symmetrical
例句 Example
Famous buildings often have asymmetric designs.
著名建築通常具有不對稱的設計。

intrinsic

14
中文翻譯
adj.固有的，內在的，本質的; [解剖]體內的; 本徵; 先天性
英文釋義
belonging to the essential nature or constitution of a thing
例句 Example
The paintings have no intrinsic value except as curiosities...
這些油畫除瞭作為古董，本身沒有什麼內在價值。

cellular

15
中文翻譯
adj.細胞的; 由細胞組成的; 多孔的; 蜂窩狀
英文釋義
of, relating to, or consisting of cells
例句 Example
Cellular networks provide reliable communication in urban areas.
蜂窩網絡在城市地區提供可靠的通信。

communication

16
中文翻譯
n.錶達，交際; 通信（係統）; 消息
英文釋義
a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior; also : exchange of information
例句 Example
...a communications satellite.
通訊衛星

cytoplasmic

17
中文翻譯
adj.細胞質的
英文釋義
the organized complex of inorganic and organic substances external to the nuclear membrane of a cell and including the cytosol and membrane-bound organelles (such as mitochondria or chloroplasts)
例句 Example
Turnover of cytoplasmic constituents involves both synthetic and lytic processes.
細胞質組分的周轉既包括閤成也包括分解過程.

direction

18
中文翻譯
n.方嚮，趨勢; 動嚮; 方麵; 目標; 管理，指示; 用法說明; 導演指導
英文釋義
guidance or supervision of action or conduct : management
例句 Example
His failures underline the difference between theatre and film direction.
他的失敗說明瞭導演戲劇和電影是不同的。

osmolarity

19
中文翻譯
n.同滲容摩
英文釋義
the concentration of an osmotic solution especially when measured in osmols or milliosmols per liter of solution
例句 Example
Hydrocortisone kept the normal plasma osmolarity ( P 0.001 ).
氫化可的鬆維持正常血漿滲透壓 ( P0.001 ).

acidification

20
中文翻譯
n.使發酸，酸化，成酸性; 變酸
英文釋義
to make acid
例句 Example
Treatment of dyeing wastewater by hydrolytic acidification, bio contact oxidation and flotation process was described.
本文介紹瞭水解酸化-接觸氧化-混凝氣浮工藝在處理高濃度漂染廢水中的工程應用.

internal

21
中文翻譯
adj.內部的; 體內的; 國內的; 內心的
英文釋義
existing or situated within the limits or surface of something: such as
例句 Example
The country stepped up internal security...
該國加強瞭國內安保。

alternative

22
中文翻譯
n.可供選擇的事物adj.替代的，備選的; 另類的
英文釋義
offering or expressing a choice
例句 Example
Have you considered an alternative approach?
你有沒有考慮過彆的方法？

external

23
中文翻譯
n.外麵，外部adj.外麵的，外部的; 外來的; 與外國有關的
英文釋義
capable of being perceived outwardly
例句 Example
...a much reduced heat loss through external walls.
大幅降低的外牆熱損失

carbonic

24
中文翻譯
adj.碳的，由碳得到的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or derived from carbon, carbonic acid, or carbon dioxide
例句 Example
The midpoint and equivalence point for carbonic acid are much higher.
碳酸滴定中點和等量點也高得多.

extracellular

25
中文翻譯
adj.（位於或發生於）細胞外的
英文釋義
situated or occurring outside a cell or the cells of the body
例句 Example
Perhaps the simplest approach to extracellular digestion is that employed by saprophytes.
細胞外消化最簡單途徑也許是腐生生物所利用的方法.

thermodynamic

26
中文翻譯
adj.熱力學的，使用熱動力的
英文釋義
of or relating to thermodynamics
例句 Example
To maintain clarity and simplicity, we leave all thermodynamic considerations aside.
為瞭作到簡單明白, 我們暫不考慮熱力學問題.

location

27
中文翻譯
n.地點，位置; （電影的）外景拍攝地; 定位
英文釋義
a position or site occupied or available for occupancy or marked by some distinguishing feature : situation
例句 Example
The first thing he looked at was his office's location...
他首先看的是自己辦公室的位置。

directionality

28
中文翻譯
n.方嚮性，定嚮性; 指嚮性
英文釋義
of, relating to, or indicating direction in space:
例句 Example
The directionality of written English is from left to right.
英文的書寫方嚮是自左至右.

biological

29
中文翻譯
adj.生物（學）的; 親生的; （洗衣粉）含酶的
英文釋義
of or relating to biology or to life and living processes
例句 Example
Biological and chemical additives are commonly used in food processing.
生物和化學添加劑常用於食品加工中。

intracellular

30
中文翻譯
adj.<生>細胞內的
英文釋義
existing, occurring, or functioning within a cell
例句 Example
The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a system of intracellular membranes.
肌漿網屬於細胞內膜係統.

distribution

31
中文翻譯
n.分配; 分布; 分銷
英文釋義
the act or process of distributing
例句 Example
One of the side effects may be to change the geographical distribution of parasitic diseases such as malaria.
其中的一個意外後果可能是改變諸如瘧疾之類的寄生蟲引發的疾病的地理分布。

metabolic

32
中文翻譯
adj.新陳代謝的; 變化的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or based on metabolism
例句 Example
...people who have inherited a low metabolic rate.
因遺傳而新陳代謝速度慢的人

electrical

33
中文翻譯
adj.用電的; 供電的; 電能的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or operated by electricity
例句 Example
...shipments of electrical equipment.
電氣設備的裝運

synthetic

34
中文翻譯
adj.閤成的; 人造的; 摹擬的，虛構的; [語]綜閤的n.閤成物; 閤成縴維; 閤成劑
英文釋義
relating to or involving synthesis : not analytic
例句 Example
Boots made from synthetic materials can usually be washed in a machine.
閤成材料製成的靴子通常可以機洗。

individual

35
中文翻譯
adj.單獨的; 個人的; 獨特的n.個人; 某種類型的人
英文釋義
of, relating to, or distinctively associated with an individual
例句 Example
They wait for the group to decide rather than making individual decisions...
他們等待團體作決定而不是各自作齣決定。

biomolecular

36
中文翻譯
[計][修]生物分子
英文釋義
an organic molecule and especially a macromolecule (such as a protein or nucleic acid) in living organisms
例句 Example
The following review gives the biomolecular bases, electrophysiological characters, physiological functions and regulate mechanisms of KIR.
綜述瞭其分子學基礎 、 電生理特性 、 生理功能和調控機理等研究進展.

medical

37
中文翻譯
adj.醫學的; 內科的n.體檢
英文釋義
of, relating to, or concerned with physicians or the practice of medicine
例句 Example
Several police officers received medical treatment for cuts and bruises.
幾名警官因割傷和擦傷而接受瞭醫治。

hydrolysis

38
中文翻譯
n.水解
英文釋義
a chemical process of decomposition involving the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion of water
例句 Example
After the research the condition the optimum technique of hydrolysis was found.
並且考察瞭五倍子的水解條件,篩選齣較為理想的水解工藝.

gastric

39
中文翻譯
adj.胃的; 胃部的
英文釋義
of or relating to the stomach
例句 Example
He suffered from diabetes and gastric ulcers.
他患有糖尿病和胃潰瘍。

substrate

40
中文翻譯
n.底物; 底層; 基底; 基層
英文釋義
substratum
例句 Example
The proposed moisture - permeable and water - proof rubberized fabric consists of coating, substrate and textile.
所研製的透濕防水膠布的結構組成為覆蓋膠層 、 底塗膠層和紡織物層.

osmotic

41
中文翻譯
adj.滲透的，滲透性的
英文釋義
of, relating to, caused by, or having the properties of osmosis
例句 Example
An osmotic mutant of Neurospora was permeable to polymers of molecular weight 18500.
脈孢殼屬的滲透突變體能透過分子量為18500的聚閤物.

organelle

42
中文翻譯
n.<生>細胞器
英文釋義
a specialized cellular part (such as a mitochondrion, chloroplast, or nucleus) that has a specific function and is considered analogous to an organ
例句 Example
There are numerous amoeboid nuclei suspended in the organelle - rich cytoplasm.
在富含細胞器的細胞質中,有許多變形核.

equilibrium

43
中文翻譯
n.平衡，均勢; 平靜
英文釋義
a state of intellectual or emotional balance : poise
例句 Example
Stocks seesawed ever lower until prices found some new level of equilibrium...
股票在震蕩中進一步下跌，直到股價達到某個新的平衡點。

transport

44
中文翻譯
n.交通工具; 交通運輸係統; 運輸; 運輸工具; 激情v.運輸; 傳播; 使身處他境; 流放
英文釋義
to transfer or convey from one place to another
例句 Example
Have you got your own transport?...
你有自己的交通工具嗎？

metal

45
中文翻譯
n.金屬; 金屬元素; 成色; 金色vt.以金屬覆蓋
英文釋義
any of various opaque, fusible, ductile, and typically lustrous substances that are good conductors of electricity and heat, form cations by loss of electrons, and yield basic oxides and hydroxides; especially : one that is a chemical element as distinguished from an alloy
例句 Example
...pieces of furniture in wood, metal and glass...
用木料、金屬和玻璃製成的一件件傢具

indirect

46
中文翻譯
adj.間接的; 不直截瞭當的; 閃爍其詞的; 不坦率的
英文釋義
not direct: such as
例句 Example
Businesses are feeling the indirect effects from the recession that's going on elsewhere...
企業感受到瞭彆處經濟衰退帶來的間接影響。

triggered

47
中文翻譯
adj.觸發的v.引發( trigger的過去式和過去分詞 ); 扣…的扳機; 發射（導彈）; 鬆開扳機（或扳柄等）
英文釋義
released, initiated, or set off by a trigger
例句 Example
The mere mention of food had triggered off hunger pangs.
單單提到食物就引起瞭陣陣飢餓感。

monomers

48
中文翻譯
[化學] 單體
英文釋義
a chemical compound that can undergo polymerization
例句 Example
Glucose molecules are thus the monomers out of which each of these polymers is constructed.
因此葡萄糖是構成這兩種聚閤物的單體.

gradients

49
中文翻譯
n.道路的斜度( gradient的名詞復數 ); 坡度; 變化程度; （溫度、壓力等的）變化率
英文釋義
the rate of regular or graded ascent or descent : inclination
例句 Example
The courses are long and punishing, with steep gradients.
這些賽道既長又有陡坡，極具挑戰性。

chromophore

50
中文翻譯
n.發色團，載色體
英文釋義
a chemical group (such as an azo group) that absorbs light at a specific frequency and so imparts color to a molecule; also : a colored chemical compound
例句 Example
The mechanism was that enzyme system destroyed the chromophore of dyes.
酶體係是通過破壞染料的發色體而達到去除浮色的目的.

diffuses

51
中文翻譯
v.（使光）模糊，漫射，漫散( diffuse的第三人稱單數 ); （使）擴散; （使）彌漫; （使）傳播
英文釋義
to pour out and permit or cause to spread freely
例句 Example
A gas in solution diffuses from region of greater to one of less concentration.
溶液中的氣體由濃度較高的區域嚮濃度較低的區域擴散.

intestine

52
中文翻譯
n.[解]腸
英文釋義
the tubular part of the digestive tract that extends from the stomach to the anus
例句 Example
This drug lowers cholesterol levels by binding fats in the intestine.
這種藥通過黏閤腸內的脂肪降低膽固醇水平。

vanadate

53
中文翻譯
n.釩酸鹽（或酯）
英文釋義
a salt derived from vanadium pentoxide and containing pentavalent vanadium
例句 Example
My products mainly include vanadium pentoxide, Ferrovanadium, vanadate and coatings.
我公司經銷的産品主要有五氧化二釩、釩鐵閤金釩酸鹽和塗料.

monosaccharides

54
中文翻譯
n.單糖; 碳水化閤物單糖
英文釋義
a sugar that is not decomposable into simpler sugars by hydrolysis, is classed as either an aldose or ketose, and contains one or more hydroxyl groups per molecule —called also simple sugar
例句 Example
The polysaccharides are all condensation products of hexoses or other monosaccharides.
多糖全部是己糖或其它單糖的濃縮産物.

glycerol

55
中文翻譯
n.甘油，丙三醇; 醋精
英文釋義
a sweet syrupy hygroscopic trihydroxy alcohol C3H8O3 usually obtained by the saponification of fats
例句 Example
Glycerol is a constituent of all fats and phospholipids.
甘油是所有脂肪和磷脂的組成部分.

conditions

56
中文翻譯
n.（居住、工作或做事情的）環境; （影響某事發生的）物質環境; <保險>承保險彆; 條件( condition的名詞復數 ); 狀況; 健康狀況; 環境
英文釋義
a premise upon which the fulfillment of an agreement depends : stipulation
例句 Example
More people would be attracted to cycling if conditions were right.
如果天氣適宜，會有更多的人被吸引到騎自行車的行列中來。

surrounding

57
中文翻譯
adj.周圍的，附近的
英文釋義
to enclose on all sides : envelop
例句 Example
Cambridge and the surrounding region
劍橋及其周邊地區

alternate

58
中文翻譯
v.（使）交替，輪流adj.交替的; 間隔的; 備用的n.代替者，候補者; 代理人
英文釋義
occurring or succeeding by turns
例句 Example
She walked with alternate steps, sometimes fast and sometimes slow.
她走著交替的步伐，時快時慢。

synthesize

59
中文翻譯
vt.綜閤; 人工閤成; （通過化學手段或生物過程）閤成; （音響）閤成vi.閤成; 綜閤
英文釋義
to combine or produce by synthesis
例句 Example
After extensive research, Albert Hoffman first succeeded in synthesizing the acid in 1938...
經過大量研究，艾伯特·霍夫曼於 1938 年首次成功閤成瞭該酸性物質。

vacuoles

60
中文翻譯
[醫]空泡
英文釋義
a small cavity or space in the tissues of an organism containing air or fluid
例句 Example
Palisade tissue is rich in saliferous vacuoles.
柵狀組織富含含鹽液泡。

polypeptides

61
中文翻譯
n.[生化] 多肽
英文釋義
a molecular chain of amino acids
例句 Example
Proteins are made up of one or more polypeptides.
蛋白質是由一條或多條多肽鏈組成.

depending

62
中文翻譯
v.依靠( depend的現在分詞 ); 依賴; 信賴; 決定於
英文釋義
to be determined, based, or contingent
例句 Example
Prices range from $119 to $199, depending on the particular configuration.
價格因具體配置而異，從119美元至199美元不等。

synthesized

63
中文翻譯
v.綜閤( synthesize的過去式和過去分詞 ); 人工閤成; （通過化學手段或生物過程）閤成; （音響）閤成
英文釋義
to combine or produce by synthesis
例句 Example
A vitamin is a chemical compound that cannot be synthesized by the human body.
維生素是一種人體無法閤成的化閤物。

triggers

64
中文翻譯
n.（槍）扳機( trigger的名詞復數 ); 引爆器; 扳柄; [電子學]起動綫路v.引發( trigger的第三人稱單數 ); 扣…的扳機; 發射（導彈）; 鬆開扳機（或扳柄等）
英文釋義
a piece (such as a lever) connected with a catch or detent as a means of releasing it; especially : the part of the action moved by the finger to fire a gun
例句 Example
Smoking triggers off cell proliferation.
吸煙會引起細胞增生。

medically

65
中文翻譯
adv.醫學上地，醫藥上地; 體格上地
英文釋義
of, relating to, or concerned with physicians or the practice of medicine
例句 Example
He wished to join the army, but was rejected as medically unfit.
他想要參軍, 但因體檢不閤格而未被批準.

dispersed

66
中文翻譯
adj.分散的; 被驅散的v.（使）分散(disperse的過去式和過去分詞); 傳播
英文釋義
to cause to break up
例句 Example
They live high in the Andes, in small and dispersed groups.
他們零星散居在安第斯山脈的高處。

dissociate

67
中文翻譯
vt.使分離vi.分離
英文釋義
to separate from association or union with another
例句 Example
She wanted to dissociate herself from the controversial statements made by her colleagues.
她想要與同事們發錶的有爭議的言論劃清界限。

indirectly

68
中文翻譯
adv.間接地; 迂迴地; 婉轉地; 不坦率地
英文釋義
not direct: such as
例句 Example
Indirectly, I did cause her death. I shouldn'thave left her there.
的確，她的死是我間接造成的。我不該把她留在那裏。

categorized

69
中文翻譯
v.把…歸類，把…列作( categorize的過去式和過去分詞 )
英文釋義
to put into a category : classify
例句 Example
These factors can be conveniently categorized under three headings.
這些因素可以很方便地分成3類.

acidifying

70
中文翻譯
v.使酸化，使成酸，變酸( acidify的現在分詞 )
英文釋義
to make acid
例句 Example
The release of carbon dioxide has acidifying effect.
二氧化碳溶於水後,水就會酸化.

difference

71
中文翻譯
n.差彆，差額; 變化; 分歧
英文釋義
the quality or state of being dissimilar or different
例句 Example
The two communities are learning how to resolve their differences.
這兩個社群正在學著如何解決彼此之間的分歧。

vesicles

72
中文翻譯
[醫]小囊泡
英文釋義
a membranous and usually fluid-filled pouch (such as a cyst, vacuole, or cell) in a plant or animal
例句 Example
In order to fuse, intracellular vesicles have to move within the cell.
為瞭融閤, 細胞內的囊泡必須在細胞內運動.

intermediate

73
中文翻譯
adj.中間的，中級的n.中間物，中間分子，中間人
英文釋義
being or occurring at the middle place, stage, or degree or between extremes
例句 Example
You should consider breaking the journey with intermediate stopovers at airport hotels.
你應該考慮將旅程分為幾段,中途在機場旅館稍作停留。

membrane

74
中文翻譯
n.（動物或植物體內的）薄膜; 隔膜; （可起防水、防風等作用的）膜狀物
英文釋義
a thin soft pliable sheet or layer especially of animal or plant origin
例句 Example
Similarly, if the seal gap increases, then the membrane will reduce the force.
同樣, 如果密封間隙增大, 那麼液膜內的力就會減小.

alternating

75
中文翻譯
adj.交互的; <醫> 交替的v.交替( alternate的現在分詞 ); （使）交替， （使）輪換
英文釋義
occurring by turns or in succession
例句 Example
This is an alternating current generator.
這是一颱交流發電機.

discovered

76
中文翻譯
v.發現( discover的過去式和過去分詞 ); 碰見; 撞見; 瞭解到
英文釋義
to make known or visible : expose
例句 Example
He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered.
藉助於自己發現的一種全新的方法，他獲得瞭成功。

membranes

77
中文翻譯
n.（動物或植物體內的）薄膜( membrane的名詞復數 ); 隔膜; （可起防水、防風等作用的）膜狀物
英文釋義
a thin soft pliable sheet or layer especially of animal or plant origin
例句 Example
The waste material is placed in cells with permeable membranes.
廢液置於有滲透膜的槽中.

alternates

78
中文翻譯
v.交替( alternate的第三人稱單數 ); （使）交替， （使）輪換
英文釋義
to perform by turns or in succession
例句 Example
In most jurisdictions, twelve jurors and two alternates are chosen.
大多數轄區都會選齣12名陪審員和2名候補陪審員。

chloroplasts

79
中文翻譯
n.[植] 葉綠體（chloroplast的復數）
英文釋義
a plastid that contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis
例句 Example
The damaged chloroplasts require the addition of ATP to fuel protein synthesis.
已破壞的葉綠體需要加入ATP以提供閤成蛋白質的能量.

directly

80
中文翻譯
adv.直接地; 恰好; 立即; 坦率地conj. 一…就…
英文釋義
in a direct manner
例句 Example
The second rainbow will be bigger than the first, and directly above it...
第二道彩虹將比第一道還要大，而且正好位於其上。

directions

81
中文翻譯
n.direction的復數形式; 方麵( direction的名詞復數 ); 方嚮; 指南; （電影導演的）指點
英文釋義
guidance or supervision of action or conduct : management
例句 Example
He proceeded to give Dan directions to the computer room.
他接著告訴丹去計算機房該怎麼走。

dissolve

82
中文翻譯
v.（使）溶解; 解散; 解除，終止; 消除
英文釋義
to cause to disperse or disappear : destroy
例句 Example
Heat gently until the sugar dissolves...
慢慢加熱直到糖溶解為止。

directed

83
中文翻譯
adj.有指導的; 有管理的; 定嚮的; 被控製的v.（用建議、指示、有益的情報等）指導( direct的過去式和過去分詞 ); 導演（戲劇或電影）; 指示方嚮; 把…對準（某方嚮或某人）
英文釋義
subject to supervision or regulation
例句 Example
The Bishop directed the faithful to stay at home.
主教要求信徒們呆在傢中。

estrogen

84
中文翻譯
n.雌激素
英文釋義
any of various natural steroids (such as estradiol) that are formed from androgen precursors, that are secreted chiefly by the ovaries, placenta, adipose tissue, and testes, and that stimulate the development of female secondary sex characteristics and promote the growth and maintenance of the female reproductive system; also : any of various synthetic or semisynthetic steroids (such as ethinyl estradiol) that mimic the physiological effect of natural estrogens
例句 Example
Objective To synthesize raloxifene hydrochloride, which is a selective estrogen receptor modulator.
目的閤成選擇性雌激素受體調節劑鹽酸雷洛昔芬.

dissimilar

85
中文翻譯
adj.不同的，不相似的
英文釋義
not the same or similar : different or unalike
例句 Example
His methods were not dissimilar to those used by Freud...
他的方法和弗洛伊德的並無二緻。

diffused

86
中文翻譯
adj.散布的，普及的，擴散的v.（使光）模糊，漫射，漫散( diffuse的過去式和過去分詞 ); （使）擴散; （使）彌漫; （使）傳播
英文釋義
to pour out and permit or cause to spread freely
例句 Example
As agriculture developed, agricultural ideas diffused across Europe.
隨著農業的發展，農業知識開始在歐洲普及。

transmembrane

87
中文翻譯
adj.橫跨膜的
英文釋義
taking place or existing across a membrane
例句 Example
The topology prediction of transmembrane protein is a hot in Bioinformatics.
跨膜蛋白拓撲結構預測是生物信息學的研究熱點之一.

catalysis

88
中文翻譯
n.催化作用
英文釋義
a modification and especially increase in the rate of a chemical reaction induced by material unchanged chemically at the end of the reaction
例句 Example
In specific acid catalysis, the undissociated acids do not contribute.
在特殊的酸催化中, 不離解的酸不起作用.