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📖 Chapter12 - Biolex 學習卡片

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peroxisome

1
中文翻譯
n.過氧物酶體
英文釋義
a cytoplasmic cell organelle containing enzymes (such as catalase) which act in oxidative reactions and especially in the production and decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
例句 Example
Hormones and nutritional factor can regulate peroxisome proliferation response.
持續的過氧化物酶體增殖可導緻肝癌.

autophagy

2
中文翻譯
n.（細胞的）自我吞噬（作用）
英文釋義
the biological process that involves the enzymatic breakdown of a cell's cytoplasm or cytoplasmic components (such as damaged or unneeded organelles or proteins) within the lysosomes of the same cell
例句 Example
Autophagy, appears to involve an active participation of the vacuolar membranes.
自體吞噬似乎與液泡膜的積極參加有關.

exocytosis

3
中文翻譯
n.胞外分泌，胞吐，胞吐作用
英文釋義
the release of cellular substances (such as secretory products) contained in cell vesicles by fusion of the vesicular membrane with the plasma membrane and subsequent release of the contents to the exterior of the cell
例句 Example
The exocytosis of milk fat may be related to its high lysolecithin content.
乳脂的外吐,可能與它溶血卵磷脂含量有關.

reticulum

4
中文翻譯
n.網狀組織
英文釋義
the second compartment of the stomach of a ruminant in which folds of the mucous membrane form hexagonal cells
例句 Example
The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a system of intracellular membranes.
肌漿網屬於細胞內膜係統.

pinocytosis

5
中文翻譯
n.胞飲（作用），飲液（作用），吞飲（作用）
英文釋義
the uptake of fluid and dissolved substances by a cell by invagination and pinching off of the cell membrane
例句 Example
Pinocytosis of dextran was unaffected.
對葡聚糖的胞飲作用無影響.

lysosome

6
中文翻譯
n.（細胞中的）溶酶體
英文釋義
a saclike cellular organelle that contains various hydrolytic enzymes
例句 Example
Autophagy is a vacuolar process of cytoplasmic degradation by lysosome.
自噬是以細胞質空泡化為特徵的溶酶體依賴性的降解途徑.

phagocytosis

7
中文翻譯
n.吞噬作用，噬菌作用
英文釋義
the engulfing and usually the destruction of particulate matter by phagocytes that serves as an important bodily defense mechanism against infection by microorganisms and against occlusion of mucous surfaces or tissues by foreign particles and tissue debris
例句 Example
Some substances can enter cells by the process of phagocytosis.
某些物質能在吞噬作用過程中進入細胞.

mitochondria

8
中文翻譯
n.<生>綫粒體; 綫粒體( mitochondrion的名詞復數 )
英文釋義
any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes
例句 Example
The oxaloacetate level in the mitochondria is determined by the redox state.
綫粒體中草酰乙酸水平又取決於氧化還原狀態.

endocytosis

9
中文翻譯
n.（細胞）內吞作用; 內噬作用
英文釋義
incorporation of substances into a cell by phagocytosis or pinocytosis
例句 Example
Therefore, the all inclusive term endocytosis is now coming into common use for this process.
因此, 這個過程現在通常用一概括的名詞--內吞作用來命名.

nucleotide

10
中文翻譯
n.<生化>核苷酸
英文釋義
any of several compounds that consist of a ribose or deoxyribose sugar joined to a purine or pyrimidine base and to a phosphate group and that are the basic structural units of nucleic acids (such as RNA and DNA)
例句 Example
The holoenzyme recognizes specific nucleotide sequences on the DNA duplex ( promoters ).
全酶還能識彆DNA雙鏈分子上的特定核苷酸序列 ( 起動基因 ).

vacuole

11
中文翻譯
n.空泡，液泡
英文釋義
a small cavity or space in the tissues of an organism containing air or fluid
例句 Example
The microspore lacks a large central vacuole.
小孢子缺中央大液泡.

oxidation

12
中文翻譯
n.氧化
英文釋義
the act or process of oxidizing
例句 Example
Carbon dioxide is a necessary result of the oxidation of carbon compounds.
碳化閤物氧化後必然會産生二氧化碳。

phosphorylation

13
中文翻譯
n.磷酸化（作用）
英文釋義
the process of phosphorylating a chemical compound either by reaction with inorganic phosphate or by transfer of phosphate from another organic phosphate; especially : the enzymatic conversion of carbohydrates into their phosphoric esters in metabolic processes
例句 Example
The tyrosine phosphorylation of leptin receptor was revealed by immuno precipitation.
應用免疫沉澱法檢測瘦素受體的酪氨酸磷酸化程度.

vesicle

14
中文翻譯
n.囊，泡，小泡; [醫]痘; 水皰
英文釋義
a membranous and usually fluid-filled pouch (such as a cyst, vacuole, or cell) in a plant or animal
例句 Example
In contrast to the process of vesicle formation, vesicle micelles appears to be a rapid process.
而相對於囊泡的形成, 囊泡的破壞過程是十分迅速的.

enzyme

15
中文翻譯
n.[生化]酶
英文釋義
any of numerous complex proteins that are produced by living cells and catalyze specific biochemical reactions at body temperatures
例句 Example
Tampering with a single enzyme can lead to untoward effects elsewhere.
破壞一種酶可能會導緻在彆處齣現異常。

golgi

16
中文翻譯
高爾基（姓氏； Camillo, 1844-1926，意大利解剖學傢與病理學傢，曾獲1906年諾貝爾生理學-醫學奬）
英文釋義
of, relating to, or constituting the Golgi apparatus
例句 Example
Pollen grains are rich in mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum.
花粉粒富含綫粒體 、 高爾基體以及內質網上.

glycosylation

17
中文翻譯
n.糖基化
英文釋義
the process of adding glycosyl radicals to a protein to form a glycoprotein
例句 Example
Glycosylation is an effective method of improving functional property of protein.
糖基化反應是改善蛋白質功能特性的一種有效的方法.

addition

18
中文翻譯
n.加法; 增加; 添加物
英文釋義
a part added (as to a building or residential section)
例句 Example
students practicing addition and multiplication
練習加減乘除的學生

intestinal

19
中文翻譯
adj.腸的; 腸壁; 腸道細菌
英文釋義
affecting, occurring, or living in the intestine
例句 Example
A few other conditions are in high intestinal obstruction.
其它少數情況是高位腸梗阻.

internalization

20
中文翻譯
n.成為主觀，內在化
英文釋義
to give a subjective character to; specifically : to incorporate (values, patterns of culture, etc.) within the self as conscious or subconscious guiding principles through learning or socialization
例句 Example
Little internalization of various amino acid transport sites occurs.
各種氨基酸輸送位點很少發生內在化.

division

21
中文翻譯
n.分開; 分配; 除法; 分歧; 部門; （軍隊）師; 分組錶決; （足球）級; 分界綫
英文釋義
the act or process of dividing : the state of being divided
例句 Example
the distribution of roles in the family
傢庭成員的角色分配

biological

22
中文翻譯
adj.生物（學）的; 親生的; （洗衣粉）含酶的
英文釋義
of or relating to biology or to life and living processes
例句 Example
Biological and chemical additives are commonly used in food processing.
生物和化學添加劑常用於食品加工中。

additional

23
中文翻譯
adj.附加的，添加的
英文釋義
more than is usual or expected : added
例句 Example
The US is sending additional troops to the region...
美國正嚮該地區增兵。

metabolic

24
中文翻譯
adj.新陳代謝的; 變化的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or based on metabolism
例句 Example
...people who have inherited a low metabolic rate.
因遺傳而新陳代謝速度慢的人

identification

25
中文翻譯
n.識彆; 身份證明; 密切關聯; 認同; 同情
英文釋義
an act of identifying : the state of being identified
例句 Example
The security system requires facial identification for access.
該安全係統需要麵部識彆纔能進入。

cellular

26
中文翻譯
adj.細胞的; 由細胞組成的; 多孔的; 蜂窩狀
英文釋義
of, relating to, or consisting of cells
例句 Example
Cellular networks provide reliable communication in urban areas.
蜂窩網絡在城市地區提供可靠的通信。

synergistic

27
中文翻譯
增效的，協作的，互相作用[促進]的
英文釋義
having the capacity to act in synergism
例句 Example
States again this year does not rule out cut may be synergistic.
不排除年內各國再次協同降息可能.

retrieval

28
中文翻譯
n.收迴，挽迴; 檢索
英文釋義
an act or process of retrieving
例句 Example
...electronic storage and retrieval systems.
電子存儲和檢索係統

intracellular

29
中文翻譯
adj.<生>細胞內的
英文釋義
existing, occurring, or functioning within a cell
例句 Example
The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a system of intracellular membranes.
肌漿網屬於細胞內膜係統.

biochemical

30
中文翻譯
adj.生物化學的; 生化的
英文釋義
of or relating to biochemistry
例句 Example
PET images illuminate the cancer cells and can see time biochemical functions.
探頭稱為脫氧葡萄糖,PET顯像照亮瞭癌細胞,可以看到實時生化功能.

carboxylase

31
中文翻譯
n.碳酸酵素; 羧化酶
英文釋義
an enzyme that catalyzes decarboxylation or carboxylation
例句 Example
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase intrinsically located in the chloroplast of rice plays a crucial role in ammonium assimilation.
磷酸羧化酶在水稻葉綠體形成中的作用.

dissociation

32
中文翻譯
n.分離; 離解; 脫離關係; 解體
英文釋義
the act or process of dissociating : the state of being dissociated: such as
例句 Example
The war between the sexes should not result in their complete dissociation from one another.
兩性之間的對抗不應造成兩者之間徹底的分裂。

dismutase

33
中文翻譯
n.岐化酶
英文釋義
a metal-containing antioxidant enzyme that reduces harmful free radicals of oxygen formed during normal metabolic cell processes to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide
例句 Example
Objective : To evaluate the effect of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) on chronic actinic dermatitis ( CAD ).
目的: 探討超氧化物歧化酶 ( SOD ) 在慢性光化皮炎 ( CAD ) 中的作用.

individual

34
中文翻譯
adj.單獨的; 個人的; 獨特的n.個人; 某種類型的人
英文釋義
of, relating to, or distinctively associated with an individual
例句 Example
They wait for the group to decide rather than making individual decisions...
他們等待團體作決定而不是各自作齣決定。

acidification

35
中文翻譯
n.使發酸，酸化，成酸性; 變酸
英文釋義
to make acid
例句 Example
Treatment of dyeing wastewater by hydrolytic acidification, bio contact oxidation and flotation process was described.
本文介紹瞭水解酸化-接觸氧化-混凝氣浮工藝在處理高濃度漂染廢水中的工程應用.

peroxidase

36
中文翻譯
n.過氧（化）物酶; 過氧化物酶
英文釋義
an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of various substances by peroxides
例句 Example
Presently, Peroxidase is employed as indicator for blanching treatments of vegetables.
目前蔬菜的熱燙終點以過氧化物酶作為指示劑來確定.

differential

37
中文翻譯
adj.差彆的; 特意的; [數]微分的; [機，物]差動的n.[數]微分; 差彆; 工資級差; [機]差動器
英文釋義
of, relating to, or constituting a difference : distinguishing
例句 Example
Germany and France pledged to maintain the differential between their two currencies.
德國和法國承諾保持兩國貨幣之間的差彆匯率。

photosynthetic

38
中文翻譯
adj.光閤的，促進光閤作用的
英文釋義
synthesis of chemical compounds with the aid of radiant energy and especially light; especially : formation of carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and a source of hydrogen (such as water) in the chlorophyll-containing cells (as of green plants) exposed to light
例句 Example
In some plants photosynthetic products are stored in the form polyfructosans.
在有些植物中,光閤作用産物是以多聚果糖的形式儲藏.

hexagonal

39
中文翻譯
adj.六角形的，六邊形的; 六方
英文釋義
having six angles and six sides
例句 Example
Each strand is fabricated of parallel wires bunched in a hexagonal shape.
每根鋼束由平行鋼絲捆紮成六邊形.

internal

40
中文翻譯
adj.內部的; 體內的; 國內的; 內心的
英文釋義
existing or situated within the limits or surface of something: such as
例句 Example
The country stepped up internal security...
該國加強瞭國內安保。

metabolism

41
中文翻譯
n.新陳代謝; 代謝作用
英文釋義
the sum of the processes in the buildup and destruction of protoplasm; specifically : the chemical changes in living cells by which energy is provided for vital processes and activities and new material is assimilated
例句 Example
The method may be used to investigate the nucleic acid metabolism of lambs.
證明可利用此方法來研究羊的核酸代謝規律.

digestive

42
中文翻譯
adj.消化的; 助消化的n.助消化的食物/藥物
英文釋義
an aid to digestion especially of food
例句 Example
...digestive juices that normally work on breaking down our food...
通常能夠幫助分解食物的有助消化的果汁

extracellular

43
中文翻譯
adj.（位於或發生於）細胞外的
英文釋義
situated or occurring outside a cell or the cells of the body
例句 Example
Perhaps the simplest approach to extracellular digestion is that employed by saprophytes.
細胞外消化最簡單途徑也許是腐生生物所利用的方法.

nutrition

44
中文翻譯
n.營養
英文釋義
the act or process of nourishing or being nourished; specifically : the sum of the processes by which an animal or plant takes in and utilizes food substances
例句 Example
There are alternative sources of nutrition to animal meat...
存在替代肉類的其他營養來源。

cytosolic

45
中文翻譯
[醫]細胞溶質的
英文釋義
the fluid portion of the cytoplasm exclusive of organelles and membranes —called also ground substance
例句 Example
CD 62 L and PMN cytosolic Ca 2 + are also associated with occurrence and progression of CAD.
CD62L和細胞內ca2+同樣參與瞭冠心病的發生發展.

proteolytic

46
中文翻譯
adj.（分）解蛋白的，蛋白水解的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or producing proteolysis
例句 Example
Serizyme, a standardized bacterial proteolytic enzyme, may be used.
絲膠酶是一種標準的細菌解朊酶, 也可以應用.

endoplasmic

47
中文翻譯
內質的
英文釋義
the inner relatively fluid part of the cytoplasm
例句 Example
Proinsulin is formed on rough endoplasmic reticulun.
胰島素原在粗糙型內質網中閤成.

biosynthetic

48
中文翻譯
[醫]生物閤成的
英文釋義
the production of a chemical compound by a living organism
例句 Example
Two or more biosynthetic pathways may coexist in a single cell.
在同一細胞中可能同時存在兩條或更多條生物閤成途徑.

vesicular

49
中文翻譯
adj.小泡的，有小泡的，由小泡組成的
英文釋義
containing, composed of, or characterized by vesicles
例句 Example
Their nuclei are pale and vesicular, containing mainly unstained euchromatin.
細胞核染色蒼白呈空泡狀, 應為主要含有的是不著色的常染色質.

indigestible

50
中文翻譯
adj.難消化的，無法消化的
英文釋義
not digestible : not easily digested
例句 Example
Fried food is very indigestible.
油炸食品非常難消化。

detoxification

51
中文翻譯
n.戒毒; 去毒，消毒
英文釋義
to remove a harmful substance (such as a poison or toxin) or the effect of such from
例句 Example
Drink at least 2 litres of still mineral water throughout the day to aid detoxification.
每天至少飲用2升無氣礦泉水以幫助身體解毒。

alternative

52
中文翻譯
n.可供選擇的事物adj.替代的，備選的; 另類的
英文釋義
offering or expressing a choice
例句 Example
Have you considered an alternative approach?
你有沒有考慮過彆的方法？

intercellular

53
中文翻譯
adj.在細胞間的
英文釋義
relating to, involving, or occurring in the space between the cells of a multicellular organism or in the space between cells of closely associated unicellular microorganisms (such as bacteria)
例句 Example
This figure includes the liquid component but excludes the intercellular cement.
這個數值包括類脂物成份在內,但不包括細胞間粒接劑.

external

54
中文翻譯
n.外麵，外部adj.外麵的，外部的; 外來的; 與外國有關的
英文釋義
capable of being perceived outwardly
例句 Example
...a much reduced heat loss through external walls.
大幅降低的外牆熱損失

catabolism

55
中文翻譯
n.異化作用，分解代謝; 陳謝
英文釋義
degradative metabolism involving the release of energy and resulting in the breakdown of complex materials (such as proteins or lipids) within the organism
例句 Example
Objective : To investigate the effect of morphine on purine nucleotide catabolism and the mechanism.
目的: 研究嗎啡依賴及戒斷對嘌呤核苷酸分解代謝的影響與作用機製.

location

56
中文翻譯
n.地點，位置; （電影的）外景拍攝地; 定位
英文釋義
a position or site occupied or available for occupancy or marked by some distinguishing feature : situation
例句 Example
The first thing he looked at was his office's location...
他首先看的是自己辦公室的位置。

diversity

57
中文翻譯
n.多樣性，多元性; 差異，不同
英文釋義
the condition of having or being composed of differing elements : variety; especially : the inclusion of people of different races, cultures, etc. in a group or organization
例句 Example
...the cultural diversity of British society.
英國社會文化的多元性

polycyclic

58
中文翻譯
adj.多輪的; 多環
英文釋義
having more than one cyclic component; especially : having two or more rings in the molecule
例句 Example
Charcoal - grilled foods contain a comparatively higher level of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ( PAHs ) .
碳燒食物所含的多環 芳香族 碳氫化閤物通常相對較高.

unicellular

59
中文翻譯
adj.單細胞的
英文釋義
having or consisting of a single cell
例句 Example
Unicellular algae are among the simplest forms of life.
單細胞藻類是最簡單的生命形式之一。

digestion

60
中文翻譯
n.消化（係統）
英文釋義
the action, process, or power of digesting: such as
例句 Example
No liquids are served with meals because they interfere with digestion.
上飯菜時不要同時上湯水或飲品，因為這會影響消化。

lysosomal

61
中文翻譯
[醫]溶酶體的
英文釋義
a saclike cellular organelle that contains various hydrolytic enzymes
例句 Example
Lysosomal enzymes are not normally found in the cytosol.
正常情況下細胞溶質中不存在溶酶體的酶.

catalase

62
中文翻譯
n.接觸酵素，過氧化氫酶
英文釋義
a red crystalline enzyme that consists of a protein complex with hematin groups and catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen
例句 Example
Catalase catalyes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide.
過氧化氫酶催化過氧化氫的分解.

medial

63
中文翻譯
adj.中間的，平均的，嚮中央延伸的
英文釋義
mean, average
例句 Example
Finally, we mention the catadioptric system of Schupmann's medial.
最後, 我們談談舒曼的medial反摺射係統.

disease

64
中文翻譯
n.疾病; 惡習，弊端
英文釋義
a condition of the living animal or plant body or of one of its parts that impairs normal functioning and is typically manifested by distinguishing signs and symptoms : sickness, malady
例句 Example
...the wretched disease of racism eating away at the core of our society.
侵蝕著我們社會核心的種族主義惡疾

hydrolysis

65
中文翻譯
n.水解
英文釋義
a chemical process of decomposition involving the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion of water
例句 Example
After the research the condition the optimum technique of hydrolysis was found.
並且考察瞭五倍子的水解條件,篩選齣較為理想的水解工藝.

organelle

66
中文翻譯
n.<生>細胞器
英文釋義
a specialized cellular part (such as a mitochondrion, chloroplast, or nucleus) that has a specific function and is considered analogous to an organ
例句 Example
There are numerous amoeboid nuclei suspended in the organelle - rich cytoplasm.
在富含細胞器的細胞質中,有許多變形核.

transport

67
中文翻譯
n.交通工具; 交通運輸係統; 運輸; 運輸工具; 激情v.運輸; 傳播; 使身處他境; 流放
英文釋義
to transfer or convey from one place to another
例句 Example
Have you got your own transport?...
你有自己的交通工具嗎？

inhibitor

68
中文翻譯
n.抑製劑，抑製者; 抗老化劑
英文釋義
one that inhibits: such as
例句 Example
Is the very good oxidation inhibitor.
都是很好的抗氧化劑.

citric

69
中文翻譯
adj.檸檬的，采自檸檬的
英文釋義
a tricarboxylic acid C6H8O7 occurring in cellular metabolism, obtained especially from lemon and lime juices or by fermentation of sugars, and used chiefly as a flavoring
例句 Example
Citric acid can be extracted from the juice of oranges, lemons, limes or grapefruit.
檸檬酸可以從橙汁、檸檬汁、酸橙汁或者柚子汁中提取。

acidic

70
中文翻譯
adj.（味）酸的; [化]酸的，酸性的; 含有大量矽酸的
英文釋義
acid-forming
例句 Example
If the sprouts smell, or taste, mouldy or acidic do not eat them.
如果甘藍聞著或吃著有黴味或酸味，請勿食用。

genetic

71
中文翻譯
adj.遺傳的; 基因的; 起源的，起因的; 演變的
英文釋義
relating to or determined by the origin, development, or causal antecedents of something
例句 Example
Cystic fibrosis is the most common fatal genetic disease in the United States.
囊性縴維化是美國最常見的緻命遺傳疾病。

nucleic

72
中文翻譯
adj.核的
英文釋義
any of various complex organic acids (such as DNA or RNA) that are composed of nucleotide chains
例句 Example
Ribose and deoxyribose are constituents of the nucleic acids RNA and DNA.
核糖與脫氧核糖分彆是核糖核酸與脫氧核酸(DNA)的結構成分.

substrate

73
中文翻譯
n.底物; 底層; 基底; 基層
英文釋義
substratum
例句 Example
The proposed moisture - permeable and water - proof rubberized fabric consists of coating, substrate and textile.
所研製的透濕防水膠布的結構組成為覆蓋膠層 、 底塗膠層和紡織物層.

osmotic

74
中文翻譯
adj.滲透的，滲透性的
英文釋義
of, relating to, caused by, or having the properties of osmosis
例句 Example
An osmotic mutant of Neurospora was permeable to polymers of molecular weight 18500.
脈孢殼屬的滲透突變體能透過分子量為18500的聚閤物.

pathway

75
中文翻譯
n.路，道; 途徑，路徑
英文釋義
path, course
例句 Example
Richard was coming up the pathway.
理查德正沿著小路走過來。

discovery

76
中文翻譯
n.發現; 發現的事物/人
英文釋義
the act or process of discovering
例句 Example
I felt I'd made an incredible discovery.
我覺得我有一個天大的發現。

intestine

77
中文翻譯
n.[解]腸
英文釋義
the tubular part of the digestive tract that extends from the stomach to the anus
例句 Example
This drug lowers cholesterol levels by binding fats in the intestine.
這種藥通過黏閤腸內的脂肪降低膽固醇水平。

glycogen

78
中文翻譯
n.肝糖，糖原質; 糖元; 牲粉
英文釋義
a white amorphous tasteless polysaccharide (C6H10O5)x that is the principal form in which glucose is stored in animal tissues and especially muscle and liver tissue
例句 Example
After the animal is killed, glycogen falls apart into glucose.
動物被殺後, 肝糖元分解為葡萄糖.

distinct

79
中文翻譯
adj.不同的; 清楚的，明顯的; 確切的
英文釋義
distinguishable to the eye or mind as being discrete or not the same : separate
例句 Example
Now that Tony was no longer present, there was a distinct change in her attitude...
由於托尼不在場瞭，她的態度有瞭明顯的轉變。

oligosaccharide

80
中文翻譯
n.低聚糖，寡糖
英文釋義
a saccharide that contains usually three to ten monosaccharide units
例句 Example
This paper introduces the conditions for soybean oligosaccharide production from soybean cake.
介紹瞭從脫脂豆粕中提取大豆低聚糖的製備工藝.

disorder

81
中文翻譯
n.雜亂，混亂; 動亂; 失調; 疾病
英文釋義
to disturb the order of
例句 Example
His study habits were in total disorder.
他的學習習慣完全是一團糟。

hexagons

82
中文翻譯
n.六邊形，六角形( hexagon的名詞復數 )
英文釋義
a polygon of six angles and six sides
例句 Example
They could be rectangular, hexagons, or any shape, really.
它們可能是矩形, 六角形, 或任何形狀, 真的.

translocated

83
中文翻譯
v.改變…的位置( translocate的過去式和過去分詞 )
英文釋義
the act, process, or an instance of changing location or position: such as
例句 Example
Translocated materials occurred in the pileus after 30 minutes.
轉運物質30分鍾後纔在菌蓋中齣現.

according

84
中文翻譯
n.協議，條約v.給予（某種待遇）; （與…）一緻，符閤
英文釋義
to grant or give especially as appropriate, due, or earned
例句 Example
According to the assessor's statement, the fire damage was not severe.
根據估價員的估計, 火災損失並不嚴重.

triggers

85
中文翻譯
n.（槍）扳機( trigger的名詞復數 ); 引爆器; 扳柄; [電子學]起動綫路v.引發( trigger的第三人稱單數 ); 扣…的扳機; 發射（導彈）; 鬆開扳機（或扳柄等）
英文釋義
a piece (such as a lever) connected with a catch or detent as a means of releasing it; especially : the part of the action moved by the finger to fire a gun
例句 Example
Smoking triggers off cell proliferation.
吸煙會引起細胞增生。