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📖 Chapter16 - Biolex 學習卡片

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replication

1
中文翻譯
n.復製，摺疊; 迴答; 反響; [植]反疊
英文釋義
answer, reply
例句 Example
He invited her to his laboratory to see if she could replicate the experiment.
他邀請她到他的實驗室看她能否復製該實驗。

diffusion

2
中文翻譯
n.擴散，傳播; 漫射
英文釋義
the state of being spread out or transmitted especially by contact : the action of diffusing
例句 Example
There are data on the rates of diffusion of molecules.
有關於分子擴散速度的數據。

chloroplast

3
中文翻譯
n.葉綠體
英文釋義
a plastid that contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis
例句 Example
Linoleic acid is the predominant fatty acid in the chloroplast.
亞油酸是葉綠體中主要的脂肪酸.

gradient

4
中文翻譯
n.[物]梯度，陡度; （溫度、氣壓等）變化率，梯度變化麯綫; <英>（道路的）傾斜度，坡度
英文釋義
the rate of regular or graded ascent or descent : inclination
例句 Example
The courses are long and punishing, with steep gradients.
這些賽道既長又有陡坡，極具挑戰性。

mitochondria

5
中文翻譯
n.<生>綫粒體; 綫粒體( mitochondrion的名詞復數 )
英文釋義
any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes
例句 Example
The oxaloacetate level in the mitochondria is determined by the redox state.
綫粒體中草酰乙酸水平又取決於氧化還原狀態.

ribosome

6
中文翻譯
n.<生化>核糖體
英文釋義
any of the RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis
例句 Example
There were abundant mitochondria, rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and ribosome.
胞質內有豐富的綫粒體 、 粗麵內質網、核糖體.

cytoskeleton

7
中文翻譯
n.細胞骨架
英文釋義
the network of protein filaments and microtubules in the cytoplasm that controls cell shape, maintains intracellular organization, and is involved in cell movement
例句 Example
A large portion of the cytoskeleton consists of threadlike microfilaments composed mainly of the contractile actin.
細胞骨架大部分由微絲組成,微絲主要由可收縮的肌動蛋白組成.

nucleotide

8
中文翻譯
n.<生化>核苷酸
英文釋義
any of several compounds that consist of a ribose or deoxyribose sugar joined to a purine or pyrimidine base and to a phosphate group and that are the basic structural units of nucleic acids (such as RNA and DNA)
例句 Example
The holoenzyme recognizes specific nucleotide sequences on the DNA duplex ( promoters ).
全酶還能識彆DNA雙鏈分子上的特定核苷酸序列 ( 起動基因 ).

transcription

9
中文翻譯
n.抄本; 抄寫; 錄音; 翻譯
英文釋義
an act, process, or instance of transcribing
例句 Example
The transcriptions of the text were available as early as 1960.
原文的轉寫本早在 1960 年就可獲取。

mitosis

10
中文翻譯
n.有絲分裂，間接核分裂
英文釋義
a process that takes place in the nucleus of a dividing cell, involves typically a series of steps consisting of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, and results in the formation of two new nuclei each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus
例句 Example
An irregular mitosis is seen in the center.
中央可見病理性核分裂象.

topoisomerase

11
中文翻譯
局部異構酶
英文釋義
any of a class of enzymes that reduce supercoiling in DNA by breaking and rejoining one or both strands of the DNA molecule
例句 Example
Topoisomerase I then ligates the PCR product in the correct orientation.
然後拓撲異構酶I將PCR産物按照正確的方嚮連接.

translation

12
中文翻譯
n.翻譯; 譯文; 轉變
英文釋義
an act, process, or instance of translating: such as
例句 Example
a mistake in translation
翻譯中的錯誤

distinctive

13
中文翻譯
adj.獨特的，特彆的，有特色的
英文釋義
marking as separate or different : serving to distinguish
例句 Example
...a distinctive blue and yellow flag...
特殊的藍黃旗

cellular

14
中文翻譯
adj.細胞的; 由細胞組成的; 多孔的; 蜂窩狀
英文釋義
of, relating to, or consisting of cells
例句 Example
Cellular networks provide reliable communication in urban areas.
蜂窩網絡在城市地區提供可靠的通信。

radioactive

15
中文翻譯
adj.放射性的
英文釋義
of, caused by, or exhibiting radioactivity
例句 Example
The government has been storing radioactive waste at Fernald for 50 years.
政府在弗納德存放放射性廢料已達50年之久。

cytoplasmic

16
中文翻譯
adj.細胞質的
英文釋義
the organized complex of inorganic and organic substances external to the nuclear membrane of a cell and including the cytosol and membrane-bound organelles (such as mitochondria or chloroplasts)
例句 Example
Turnover of cytoplasmic constituents involves both synthetic and lytic processes.
細胞質組分的周轉既包括閤成也包括分解過程.

circular

17
中文翻譯
adj.圓形的; 環形的; n.（同時發送給多人的）印刷品廣告
英文釋義
having the form of a circle : round
例句 Example
a circular path around the park
環繞公園的環形小徑

synchronous

18
中文翻譯
adj.同時存在[發生]的，同步的
英文釋義
happening, existing, or arising at precisely the same time
例句 Example
Have synchronous control of input and output in order to avoid traction broken of cotton screen.
具有輸入、輸齣的同步控製,避免棉網牽伸斷裂.

direction

19
中文翻譯
n.方嚮，趨勢; 動嚮; 方麵; 目標; 管理，指示; 用法說明; 導演指導
英文釋義
guidance or supervision of action or conduct : management
例句 Example
His failures underline the difference between theatre and film direction.
他的失敗說明瞭導演戲劇和電影是不同的。

ribonuclease

20
中文翻譯
n.核糖核酸酶
英文釋義
an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of RNA —called also RNase
例句 Example
Has discussed in initially the frog egg the ribonuclease active constituent.
初步探討瞭蛙卵中核糖核酸酶的活性組分.

centrifugation

21
中文翻譯
n.離心法，離心過濾
英文釋義
the process of centrifuging
例句 Example
The latex concentration is raised by evaporation or centrifugation.
通過揮發或離心作用提高膠乳的濃度.

constriction

22
中文翻譯
n.壓縮; 緊壓的感覺; 束緊; 壓縮物
英文釋義
an act or product of constricting
例句 Example
The pain is produced by constriction of the blood vessels.
這種疼痛是由於血管的收縮而引起的。

diffraction

23
中文翻譯
n.衍射，寬龜裂狀的
英文釋義
a modification which light undergoes especially in passing by the edges of opaque bodies or through narrow openings and in which the rays appear to be deflected; also : a similar modification of other waves (such as sound waves) or of moving particles (such as electrons)
例句 Example
Through X " diffraction analysis of the protection film , the theory of gas protection certificated. "
通過對 保護膜 的X衍射分析, 驗證氣體防燃機理.

pathogenic

24
中文翻譯
adj.引起疾病的
英文釋義
pathogenetic
例句 Example
Many of the pathogenic organisms may be encased in the particles.
許多緻病生物體可能被粒子所包圍.

radioactivity

25
中文翻譯
n.放射（性）; 輻射能
英文釋義
the property possessed by some elements (such as uranium) or isotopes (such as carbon 14) of spontaneously emitting energetic particles (such as electrons or alpha particles) by the disintegration of their atomic nuclei; also : the rays emitted
例句 Example
The government has been storing radioactive waste at Fernald for 50 years.
政府在弗納德存放放射性廢料已達50年之久。

addition

26
中文翻譯
n.加法; 增加; 添加物
英文釋義
a part added (as to a building or residential section)
例句 Example
students practicing addition and multiplication
練習加減乘除的學生

mitochondrial

27
中文翻譯
綫粒體的
英文釋義
any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes
例句 Example
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA can cause a wide range of disorders.
綫粒體DNA突變,可以引發多種病變.

ribosomal

28
中文翻譯
adj.核醣體的
英文釋義
any of the RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis
例句 Example
Chloroplast ribosomes contain about 50 distinct ribosomal proteins, distributed between the two subunits.
葉綠體核糖體還含有約50種不同的核糖體蛋白, 這蛋白分布在兩個亞基之中.

chromatographic

29
中文翻譯
adj.色析法的，層離法的
英文釋義
a process in which a chemical mixture carried by a liquid or gas is separated into components as a result of differential distribution of the solutes as they flow around or over a stationary liquid or solid phase
例句 Example
Results Ethambutol hydrochloride, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and rifampicin all had good chromatographic behavior.
結果鹽酸乙胺丁醇 、 利福平、吡嗪酰胺和異煙肼均具有良好的色譜行為.

hybridization

30
中文翻譯
n.雜交，雜種培植，配種; 雜化
英文釋義
to cause to produce hybrids : interbreed
例句 Example
A major barrier to interspecific hybridization is sterility in the F 1 progeny.
種間雜交的主要障礙是F1代的不育性.

location

31
中文翻譯
n.地點，位置; （電影的）外景拍攝地; 定位
英文釋義
a position or site occupied or available for occupancy or marked by some distinguishing feature : situation
例句 Example
The first thing he looked at was his office's location...
他首先看的是自己辦公室的位置。

division

32
中文翻譯
n.分開; 分配; 除法; 分歧; 部門; （軍隊）師; 分組錶決; （足球）級; 分界綫
英文釋義
the act or process of dividing : the state of being divided
例句 Example
the distribution of roles in the family
傢庭成員的角色分配

biological

33
中文翻譯
adj.生物（學）的; 親生的; （洗衣粉）含酶的
英文釋義
of or relating to biology or to life and living processes
例句 Example
Biological and chemical additives are commonly used in food processing.
生物和化學添加劑常用於食品加工中。

distribution

34
中文翻譯
n.分配; 分布; 分銷
英文釋義
the act or process of distributing
例句 Example
One of the side effects may be to change the geographical distribution of parasitic diseases such as malaria.
其中的一個意外後果可能是改變諸如瘧疾之類的寄生蟲引發的疾病的地理分布。

metabolic

35
中文翻譯
adj.新陳代謝的; 變化的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or based on metabolism
例句 Example
...people who have inherited a low metabolic rate.
因遺傳而新陳代謝速度慢的人

nitrogenous

36
中文翻譯
adj.氮的，含氮的
英文釋義
relating to, being, or containing nitrogen
例句 Example
Examples of such nitrogenous compounds are imidazole, ammeline, ammelide.
這類含氮化閤物的例子是咪唑, 三聚氰酸三酰胺, 三聚氰酸一酰胺.

chromosomal

37
中文翻譯
adj.染色體的
英文釋義
any of the rod-shaped or threadlike DNA-containing structures of cellular organisms that are located in the nucleus of eukaryotes, are usually ring-shaped in prokaryotes (such as bacteria), and contain all or most of the genes of the organism; also : the genetic material of a virus
例句 Example
Like mRNA, both tRNA and rRNA are transcripts of chromosomal DNA.
tRNA及rRNA同mRNA一樣, 都是染色體DNA的轉錄産物.

nuclease

38
中文翻譯
n.核酸酶
英文釋義
any of various enzymes that promote hydrolysis of nucleic acids
例句 Example
It hasn't been reported that the coelomic fluid of earthworm shows nuclease activity.
但對體腔液核酸酶活性卻未見報道.

individual

39
中文翻譯
adj.單獨的; 個人的; 獨特的n.個人; 某種類型的人
英文釋義
of, relating to, or distinctively associated with an individual
例句 Example
They wait for the group to decide rather than making individual decisions...
他們等待團體作決定而不是各自作齣決定。

nucleic

40
中文翻譯
adj.核的
英文釋義
any of various complex organic acids (such as DNA or RNA) that are composed of nucleotide chains
例句 Example
Ribose and deoxyribose are constituents of the nucleic acids RNA and DNA.
核糖與脫氧核糖分彆是核糖核酸與脫氧核酸(DNA)的結構成分.

hydrolysis

41
中文翻譯
n.水解
英文釋義
a chemical process of decomposition involving the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion of water
例句 Example
After the research the condition the optimum technique of hydrolysis was found.
並且考察瞭五倍子的水解條件,篩選齣較為理想的水解工藝.

genetic

42
中文翻譯
adj.遺傳的; 基因的; 起源的，起因的; 演變的
英文釋義
relating to or determined by the origin, development, or causal antecedents of something
例句 Example
Cystic fibrosis is the most common fatal genetic disease in the United States.
囊性縴維化是美國最常見的緻命遺傳疾病。

disease

43
中文翻譯
n.疾病; 惡習，弊端
英文釋義
a condition of the living animal or plant body or of one of its parts that impairs normal functioning and is typically manifested by distinguishing signs and symptoms : sickness, malady
例句 Example
...the wretched disease of racism eating away at the core of our society.
侵蝕著我們社會核心的種族主義惡疾

mitotic

44
中文翻譯
adj.有絲分裂的，間接核分裂的
英文釋義
of, relating to, involving, or occurring by cellular mitosis
例句 Example
Microtubules have dominated our think about the mitotic mechanisms.
微管促使我的思考有絲分裂的機製.

transport

45
中文翻譯
n.交通工具; 交通運輸係統; 運輸; 運輸工具; 激情v.運輸; 傳播; 使身處他境; 流放
英文釋義
to transfer or convey from one place to another
例句 Example
Have you got your own transport?...
你有自己的交通工具嗎？

pathway

46
中文翻譯
n.路，道; 途徑，路徑
英文釋義
path, course
例句 Example
Richard was coming up the pathway.
理查德正沿著小路走過來。

meiosis

47
中文翻譯
n.減數分裂，成熟分裂
英文釋義
the presentation of a thing with underemphasis especially in order to achieve a greater effect : understatement
例句 Example
Cycling meiosis and fertilization events produces a series of transitions between alternating haploid and diploid states.
減數分裂和受精作用的周期甚至産生瞭一個在單倍體階段與二倍體階段來迴交替的過渡序列.

base

48
中文翻譯
n.基礎，底部; 根據; 來源; 主要成分; 總部，基地; 壘; 堿; 基數v.以…為據點（總部）adj.卑鄙的，無恥的
英文釋義
the bottom of something considered as its support : foundation
例句 Example
Being there gave me a chance to touch base with three friends whom I had not seen for a year.
在那裏，讓我有機會和一年沒見麵的三個朋友取得瞭聯係。

dimensions

49
中文翻譯
vi.按規格尺寸切割vt.在…上標尺寸n.麵積; 特點; （長、寬、厚、高等的）尺寸; 重要性; 尺寸( dimension的名詞復數 ); 方麵; （長、寬、高的）量度; 規模
英文釋義
measure in one direction; specifically : one of three coordinates determining a position in space or four coordinates determining a position in space and time
例句 Example
What are the dimensions of this room?
這房間的麵積是多大?

category

50
中文翻譯
n.種類; 類彆
英文釋義
any of several fundamental and distinct classes to which entities or concepts belong
例句 Example
Children under 10 belong to a separate category.
10歲以下的兒童屬於另一類彆。

discovery

51
中文翻譯
n.發現; 發現的事物/人
英文釋義
the act or process of discovering
例句 Example
I felt I'd made an incredible discovery.
我覺得我有一個天大的發現。

nucleoplasm

52
中文翻譯
n.核原形質，核漿; 核質
英文釋義
the protoplasm of a nucleus
例句 Example
The nucleoplasm is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.
核質被核膜包裹.

subcategory

53
中文翻譯
n.亞類，子種類，子範疇
英文釋義
a category that is a subdivision of a larger category : a secondary category
例句 Example
Specifies the translation of the subcategory. The translation is source specific.
指定子分類的轉換. 轉換是源的.

mitochondrion

54
中文翻譯
n.綫粒體
英文釋義
any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes
例句 Example
The mitochondrion is a machine within the cell that does the chemistry of breathing.
綫粒體是細胞內進行呼吸化學的一部機器.

pyrimidines

55
中文翻譯
n.嘧啶（pyrimidine的復數形式）
英文釋義
a feeble organic base C4H4N2 of penetrating odor
例句 Example
The other two, thymine and cytosine, are single ring structures called pyrimidines.
另兩個為胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶, 即稱為嘧啶的單環結構.

hereditary

56
中文翻譯
adj.（生物學中）遺傳的; 世襲的; 遺傳性
英文釋義
genetically transmitted or transmittable from parent to offspring
例句 Example
British Prime Ministers are traditionally offered hereditary peerages.
英國首相傳統上會被授予可世襲的貴族爵位。

nucleosome

57
中文翻譯
n.核小體
英文釋義
any of the repeating globular subunits of chromatin that consist of a complex of DNA and histone
例句 Example
The general features of nucleosome structure appear to be similar in all eukaryotes.
核小體結構的一般特性似乎在所有的真核生物中都很相似.

chromosome

58
中文翻譯
n.<生>染色體
英文釋義
any of the rod-shaped or threadlike DNA-containing structures of cellular organisms that are located in the nucleus of eukaryotes, are usually ring-shaped in prokaryotes (such as bacteria), and contain all or most of the genes of the organism; also : the genetic material of a virus
例句 Example
Each cell of our bodies contains 46 chromosomes.
我們人體的每個細胞都包含46個染色體。

discrete

59
中文翻譯
adj.分離的，不相關聯的; 分立式; 非連續
英文釋義
constituting a separate entity : individually distinct
例句 Example
...instruction manuals that break down jobs into scores of discrete steps.
把工作分解成許多獨立步驟的指導手冊

mediated

60
中文翻譯
v.調停，調解，斡鏇( mediate的過去式和過去分詞 ); 居間促成; 影響…的發生; 使…可能發生
英文釋義
to bring accord out of by action as an intermediary
例句 Example
My mom was the one who mediated between Zelda and her mom.
我媽媽充當瞭澤爾達和她媽媽之間的調解人。

generated

61
中文翻譯
adj.發電的v.生（兒、女）( generate的過去式和過去分詞 ); （通過物理或化學過程）發生; 生成; 引起
英文釋義
to bring into existence: such as
例句 Example
The demand generated by one factory required the construction of another.
一傢工廠産生的需求使得必須再建造一傢工廠。

mediates

62
中文翻譯
v.調停，調解，斡鏇( mediate的第三人稱單數 ); 居間促成; 影響…的發生; 使…可能發生
英文釋義
to bring accord out of by action as an intermediary
例句 Example
We therefore investigated whether hypercoagulability mediates a beneficial effect during denovo atherogenesis.
因此我們研究瞭高凝在原位動脈粥樣硬化形成中是否介導瞭有益的作用.

surrounding

63
中文翻譯
adj.周圍的，附近的
英文釋義
to enclose on all sides : envelop
例句 Example
Cambridge and the surrounding region
劍橋及其周邊地區

distinct

64
中文翻譯
adj.不同的; 清楚的，明顯的; 確切的
英文釋義
distinguishable to the eye or mind as being discrete or not the same : separate
例句 Example
Now that Tony was no longer present, there was a distinct change in her attitude...
由於托尼不在場瞭，她的態度有瞭明顯的轉變。

distinguish

65
中文翻譯
v.區分，使有彆於; 辨彆齣; 使齣名
英文釋義
to perceive a difference in : mentally separate
例句 Example
At what stage can students clearly distinguish between facts and opinions?
學生在什麼階段纔能清楚區分事實和觀點？

euchromatin

66
中文翻譯
n.常染色質（染色體的一部分）
英文釋義
the part of chromatin that is genetically active and is largely composed of genes
例句 Example
That which shows the " normal " condensation pattern is called euchromatin.
那些錶現 “ 正常的 ” 濃縮格式的部分叫做常染色質.

replicate

67
中文翻譯
vt.復製，復寫; 重復，反復; 摺轉; [生] 復製
英文釋義
duplicate, repeat
例句 Example
He invited her to his laboratory to see if she could replicate the experiment.
他邀請她到他的實驗室看她能否復製該實驗。

digesting

68
中文翻譯
v.消化( digest的現在分詞 ); 透徹瞭解
英文釋義
to distribute or arrange systematically : classify
例句 Example
She read everything, digesting every fragment of news.
她什麼都看，對新聞的每個片段都細細品味。

diameter

69
中文翻譯
n.直徑; 放大倍數
英文釋義
a chord passing through the center of a figure or body
例句 Example
...a tube less than a fifth of the diameter of a human hair.
直徑不足人的頭發直徑1/5的電子管

polypeptides

70
中文翻譯
n.[生化] 多肽
英文釋義
a molecular chain of amino acids
例句 Example
Proteins are made up of one or more polypeptides.
蛋白質是由一條或多條多肽鏈組成.

chromosomes

71
中文翻譯
n.<生>染色體( chromosome的名詞復數 )
英文釋義
any of the rod-shaped or threadlike DNA-containing structures of cellular organisms that are located in the nucleus of eukaryotes, are usually ring-shaped in prokaryotes (such as bacteria), and contain all or most of the genes of the organism; also : the genetic material of a virus
例句 Example
Chromosomes also determine the sex of animals.
染色體也決定動物的性彆.

depending

72
中文翻譯
v.依靠( depend的現在分詞 ); 依賴; 信賴; 決定於
英文釋義
to be determined, based, or contingent
例句 Example
Prices range from $119 to $199, depending on the particular configuration.
價格因具體配置而異，從119美元至199美元不等。

digested

73
中文翻譯
v.消化( digest的過去式和過去分詞 ); 透徹瞭解
英文釋義
to distribute or arrange systematically : classify
例句 Example
Nutrients from the digested food can be absorbed into the blood.
消化的食物中的營養成分能夠被吸收到血液中去。

synthesized

74
中文翻譯
v.綜閤( synthesize的過去式和過去分詞 ); 人工閤成; （通過化學手段或生物過程）閤成; （音響）閤成
英文釋義
to combine or produce by synthesis
例句 Example
A vitamin is a chemical compound that cannot be synthesized by the human body.
維生素是一種人體無法閤成的化閤物。

understanding

75
中文翻譯
n.瞭解; 理解; 互相理解; 協議; 領會adj.善解人意的
英文釋義
a mental grasp : comprehension
例句 Example
They have to have a basic understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technology.
要想利用先進技術，他們必須先對計算機有個基本的瞭解。

distinguished

76
中文翻譯
adj.卓越的; 著名的; 受人尊敬的; 顯得重要的v.辨彆，區彆( distinguish的過去式和過去分詞); 突齣; 區彆(distinguish的過去式)
英文釋義
marked by eminence, distinction, or excellence
例句 Example
...a distinguished academic family.
傑齣的學者之傢

replicated

77
中文翻譯
v.復製( replicate的過去式和過去分詞 ); 重復; 再造; 再生
英文釋義
duplicate, repeat
例句 Example
Later outplant the seedlings in a replicated permanent test plantation.
以後苗木齣圃栽植成重復的永久性試驗林.

dispersed

78
中文翻譯
adj.分散的; 被驅散的v.（使）分散(disperse的過去式和過去分詞); 傳播
英文釋義
to cause to break up
例句 Example
They live high in the Andes, in small and dispersed groups.
他們零星散居在安第斯山脈的高處。

intermediate

79
中文翻譯
adj.中間的，中級的n.中間物，中間分子，中間人
英文釋義
being or occurring at the middle place, stage, or degree or between extremes
例句 Example
You should consider breaking the journey with intermediate stopovers at airport hotels.
你應該考慮將旅程分為幾段,中途在機場旅館稍作停留。

autonomously

80
中文翻譯
[醫]自主地，活動復閤體
英文釋義
having the right or power of self-government
例句 Example
The QC - RS can operate autonomously or by remote control.
QC-RS能實現自動操作或通過遙控來操作.

membrane

81
中文翻譯
n.（動物或植物體內的）薄膜; 隔膜; （可起防水、防風等作用的）膜狀物
英文釋義
a thin soft pliable sheet or layer especially of animal or plant origin
例句 Example
Similarly, if the seal gap increases, then the membrane will reduce the force.
同樣, 如果密封間隙增大, 那麼液膜內的力就會減小.

striking

82
中文翻譯
adj.顯著的; 引人注目的; 容貌齣眾的; 嫵媚動人的v.打( strike的現在分詞); 擊; 敲響; 報時
英文釋義
attracting attention or notice through unusual or conspicuous qualities
例句 Example
The most striking feature of those statistics is the high proportion of suicides...
那些統計數據最引人注目之處是其極高的自殺率。

distinguishing

83
中文翻譯
adj.有區彆的v.辨彆，區彆( distinguish的現在分詞 ); 使齣眾; （憑任何感覺器官）識彆齣; 看清
英文釋義
to perceive a difference in : mentally separate
例句 Example
Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing between areas of light and dark.
研究錶明嬰兒通過辨彆光亮和黑暗的區域來學會看東西。

discovered

84
中文翻譯
v.發現( discover的過去式和過去分詞 ); 碰見; 撞見; 瞭解到
英文釋義
to make known or visible : expose
例句 Example
He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered.
藉助於自己發現的一種全新的方法，他獲得瞭成功。

membranes

85
中文翻譯
n.（動物或植物體內的）薄膜( membrane的名詞復數 ); 隔膜; （可起防水、防風等作用的）膜狀物
英文釋義
a thin soft pliable sheet or layer especially of animal or plant origin
例句 Example
The waste material is placed in cells with permeable membranes.
廢液置於有滲透膜的槽中.

chloroplasts

86
中文翻譯
n.[植] 葉綠體（chloroplast的復數）
英文釋義
a plastid that contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis
例句 Example
The damaged chloroplasts require the addition of ATP to fuel protein synthesis.
已破壞的葉綠體需要加入ATP以提供閤成蛋白質的能量.

scattered

87
中文翻譯
adj.分散的; 零散的; 疏落的; 到處都是…的
英文釋義
to cause to separate widely
例句 Example
He picked up the scattered toys...
他收拾好扔得到處都是的玩具。

directions

88
中文翻譯
n.direction的復數形式; 方麵( direction的名詞復數 ); 方嚮; 指南; （電影導演的）指點
英文釋義
guidance or supervision of action or conduct : management
例句 Example
He proceeded to give Dan directions to the computer room.
他接著告訴丹去計算機房該怎麼走。

catalyzed

89
中文翻譯
v.催化，促進( catalyze的過去式和過去分詞 )
英文釋義
to bring about the catalysis of (a chemical reaction)
例句 Example
It had been known for some time that chemical reactions can be catalyzed by materials with large surface areas.
人們早已知道，如果材料的錶麵積足夠大，可引起催化反應。

chromatid

90
中文翻譯
n.染色單體
英文釋義
one of the usually paired and parallel strands of a duplicated chromosome joined by a single centromere
例句 Example
METHODSTo determine the sister chromatid exchanges SCE of chronic alcoholism patients by peripheral blood culture.
應用外周全血淋巴細胞培養方法檢測慢性酒精中毒患者淋巴細胞姐妹染色單體交換率.

chromatin

91
中文翻譯
n.染色質; 核染質
英文釋義
a complex chiefly of DNA and histone in eukaryotic cells that is usually dispersed in the interphase nucleus and condensed into chromosomes in mitosis and meiosis and in which the nucleosome makes up its repeating subunits
例句 Example
The DNA of chromatin must replicate before cell division.
染色質DNA在細胞分裂之前必須復製.

cytoplasm

92
中文翻譯
n.細胞質，細胞漿
英文釋義
the organized complex of inorganic and organic substances external to the nuclear membrane of a cell and including the cytosol and membrane-bound organelles (such as mitochondria or chloroplasts)
例句 Example
The cytoplasm of TIL was little. The nucleus was round in shape.
電鏡下,可見腫瘤浸潤淋巴細胞核大,胞質少, 核較圓.