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📖 Chapter19 - Biolex 學習卡片

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chloroplast

1
中文翻譯
n.葉綠體
英文釋義
a plastid that contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis
例句 Example
Linoleic acid is the predominant fatty acid in the chloroplast.
亞油酸是葉綠體中主要的脂肪酸.

peroxisome

2
中文翻譯
n.過氧物酶體
英文釋義
a cytoplasmic cell organelle containing enzymes (such as catalase) which act in oxidative reactions and especially in the production and decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
例句 Example
Hormones and nutritional factor can regulate peroxisome proliferation response.
持續的過氧化物酶體增殖可導緻肝癌.

mitochondria

3
中文翻譯
n.<生>綫粒體; 綫粒體( mitochondrion的名詞復數 )
英文釋義
any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes
例句 Example
The oxaloacetate level in the mitochondria is determined by the redox state.
綫粒體中草酰乙酸水平又取決於氧化還原狀態.

ribosome

4
中文翻譯
n.<生化>核糖體
英文釋義
any of the RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis
例句 Example
There were abundant mitochondria, rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and ribosome.
胞質內有豐富的綫粒體 、 粗麵內質網、核糖體.

nucleotide

5
中文翻譯
n.<生化>核苷酸
英文釋義
any of several compounds that consist of a ribose or deoxyribose sugar joined to a purine or pyrimidine base and to a phosphate group and that are the basic structural units of nucleic acids (such as RNA and DNA)
例句 Example
The holoenzyme recognizes specific nucleotide sequences on the DNA duplex ( promoters ).
全酶還能識彆DNA雙鏈分子上的特定核苷酸序列 ( 起動基因 ).

mutation

6
中文翻譯
n.變化; 轉變; 突變; 變異
英文釋義
a significant and basic alteration : change
例句 Example
The virus mutates in the carrier's body...
病毒會在攜帶者體內發生變異。

transcription

7
中文翻譯
n.抄本; 抄寫; 錄音; 翻譯
英文釋義
an act, process, or instance of transcribing
例句 Example
The transcriptions of the text were available as early as 1960.
原文的轉寫本早在 1960 年就可獲取。

translation

8
中文翻譯
n.翻譯; 譯文; 轉變
英文釋義
an act, process, or instance of translating: such as
例句 Example
a mistake in translation
翻譯中的錯誤

enzyme

9
中文翻譯
n.[生化]酶
英文釋義
any of numerous complex proteins that are produced by living cells and catalyze specific biochemical reactions at body temperatures
例句 Example
Tampering with a single enzyme can lead to untoward effects elsewhere.
破壞一種酶可能會導緻在彆處齣現異常。

phosphorylation

10
中文翻譯
n.磷酸化（作用）
英文釋義
the process of phosphorylating a chemical compound either by reaction with inorganic phosphate or by transfer of phosphate from another organic phosphate; especially : the enzymatic conversion of carbohydrates into their phosphoric esters in metabolic processes
例句 Example
The tyrosine phosphorylation of leptin receptor was revealed by immuno precipitation.
應用免疫沉澱法檢測瘦素受體的酪氨酸磷酸化程度.

exon

11
中文翻譯
外顯子
英文釋義
a polynucleotide sequence in a nucleic acid that codes information for protein synthesis and that is copied and spliced together with other such sequences to form messenger RNA
例句 Example
Four gene polymorphisms were identified in exon 7. They were Gly 551 X ( GGC → GGT ), Arg 554 His ( CGT → CAT ), Gln 567 Arg ( CAA → CGA ) and Val 582 Ile ( GTC → ATC ).
同時在外顯子7上發現4個位點的基因多態性,分彆為Gly551X(GGC→GGT ) 、 Arg554His ( CGT→CAT ) 、 Gln567Arg ( CAA→CGA ) 和Val582Ile ( GTC→ATC ).

golgi

12
中文翻譯
高爾基（姓氏； Camillo, 1844-1926，意大利解剖學傢與病理學傢，曾獲1906年諾貝爾生理學-醫學奬）
英文釋義
of, relating to, or constituting the Golgi apparatus
例句 Example
Pollen grains are rich in mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum.
花粉粒富含綫粒體 、 高爾基體以及內質網上.

catalytic

13
中文翻譯
adj.接觸反應的; 起催化作用的n.催化劑; 刺激因素
英文釋義
causing, involving, or relating to catalysis
例句 Example
The first catalytic converters were called conventional oxidation catalysts.
最初的轉化器叫做常規氧化催化器.

glycosylation

14
中文翻譯
n.糖基化
英文釋義
the process of adding glycosyl radicals to a protein to form a glycoprotein
例句 Example
Glycosylation is an effective method of improving functional property of protein.
糖基化反應是改善蛋白質功能特性的一種有效的方法.

nontraditional

15
中文翻譯
adj.非傳統的，不符閤傳統的
英文釋義
not following or conforming to tradition : not adhering to past practices or conventions : not traditional
例句 Example
Nontraditional loans often start with low payments for the first year or two.
非傳統貸款通常在前一兩年還款額是較低的。

intrinsic

16
中文翻譯
adj.固有的，內在的，本質的; [解剖]體內的; 本徵; 先天性
英文釋義
belonging to the essential nature or constitution of a thing
例句 Example
The paintings have no intrinsic value except as curiosities...
這些油畫除瞭作為古董，本身沒有什麼內在價值。

modification

17
中文翻譯
n.修改，修正，變更，改良，改進，緩和，減輕，限製; [語]修飾，（用變音符號的）母音改變; [生]誘發變異，變態，變體，變型
英文釋義
the limiting of a statement : qualification
例句 Example
The club members did agree to modify their recruitment policy...
俱樂部成員的確同意修改吸納新成員的政策。

cytoplasmic

18
中文翻譯
adj.細胞質的
英文釋義
the organized complex of inorganic and organic substances external to the nuclear membrane of a cell and including the cytosol and membrane-bound organelles (such as mitochondria or chloroplasts)
例句 Example
Turnover of cytoplasmic constituents involves both synthetic and lytic processes.
細胞質組分的周轉既包括閤成也包括分解過程.

translocation

19
中文翻譯
n.遷移，移動，置換; 易位; 輸導作用
英文釋義
the act, process, or an instance of changing location or position: such as
例句 Example
The transport of materials in plants is called translocation.
植物中物質的輸送稱為運輸作用.

direction

20
中文翻譯
n.方嚮，趨勢; 動嚮; 方麵; 目標; 管理，指示; 用法說明; 導演指導
英文釋義
guidance or supervision of action or conduct : management
例句 Example
His failures underline the difference between theatre and film direction.
他的失敗說明瞭導演戲劇和電影是不同的。

ribosomal

21
中文翻譯
adj.核醣體的
英文釋義
any of the RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis
例句 Example
Chloroplast ribosomes contain about 50 distinct ribosomal proteins, distributed between the two subunits.
葉綠體核糖體還含有約50種不同的核糖體蛋白, 這蛋白分布在兩個亞基之中.

dissociable

22
中文翻譯
adj.可分離的，自相矛盾的，不愛交際的
英文釋義
separable
例句 Example
He is a dissociable writer.
他是個性格孤僻的作傢.

addition

23
中文翻譯
n.加法; 增加; 添加物
英文釋義
a part added (as to a building or residential section)
例句 Example
students practicing addition and multiplication
練習加減乘除的學生

mitochondrial

24
中文翻譯
綫粒體的
英文釋義
any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes
例句 Example
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA can cause a wide range of disorders.
綫粒體DNA突變,可以引發多種病變.

internal

25
中文翻譯
adj.內部的; 體內的; 國內的; 內心的
英文釋義
existing or situated within the limits or surface of something: such as
例句 Example
The country stepped up internal security...
該國加強瞭國內安保。

alternative

26
中文翻譯
n.可供選擇的事物adj.替代的，備選的; 另類的
英文釋義
offering or expressing a choice
例句 Example
Have you considered an alternative approach?
你有沒有考慮過彆的方法？

location

27
中文翻譯
n.地點，位置; （電影的）外景拍攝地; 定位
英文釋義
a position or site occupied or available for occupancy or marked by some distinguishing feature : situation
例句 Example
The first thing he looked at was his office's location...
他首先看的是自己辦公室的位置。

additional

28
中文翻譯
adj.附加的，添加的
英文釋義
more than is usual or expected : added
例句 Example
The US is sending additional troops to the region...
美國正嚮該地區增兵。

cytosolic

29
中文翻譯
[醫]細胞溶質的
英文釋義
the fluid portion of the cytoplasm exclusive of organelles and membranes —called also ground substance
例句 Example
CD 62 L and PMN cytosolic Ca 2 + are also associated with occurrence and progression of CAD.
CD62L和細胞內ca2+同樣參與瞭冠心病的發生發展.

synthetase

30
中文翻譯
n.閤成酶
英文釋義
an enzyme that catalyzes the linking together of two molecules usually using the energy derived from the concurrent splitting off of a pyrophosphate group from a triphosphate (such as ATP) —called also ligase
例句 Example
This complex reaction is catalyzed by anthranilate synthetase.
這個復閤反應是被鄰氨基苯甲酸閤成酶催化的.

anticodon

31
中文翻譯
n.反密碼子
英文釋義
a triplet of nucleotide bases in transfer RNA that identifies the amino acid carried and binds to a complementary codon in messenger RNA during protein synthesis at a ribosome
例句 Example
It also carries a specific nucleotide sequence, the anticodon.
它還帶有特定的核苷酸序列即反密碼子.

hydrolysis

32
中文翻譯
n.水解
英文釋義
a chemical process of decomposition involving the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion of water
例句 Example
After the research the condition the optimum technique of hydrolysis was found.
並且考察瞭五倍子的水解條件,篩選齣較為理想的水解工藝.

splicing

33
中文翻譯
n.編接（繩）; 插接; 撚接; 疊接v.絞接( splice的現在分詞 ); 撚接（兩段繩子）; 膠接; 粘接（膠片、磁帶等）
英文釋義
to unite (two ropes or two parts of a rope) by interweaving the strands
例句 Example
An ultra _ low _ loss splicing without conventional power monitoring could be achieved.
焊接最低損耗在非常規能源運作下將可能做到.

organelle

34
中文翻譯
n.<生>細胞器
英文釋義
a specialized cellular part (such as a mitochondrion, chloroplast, or nucleus) that has a specific function and is considered analogous to an organ
例句 Example
There are numerous amoeboid nuclei suspended in the organelle - rich cytoplasm.
在富含細胞器的細胞質中,有許多變形核.

transport

35
中文翻譯
n.交通工具; 交通運輸係統; 運輸; 運輸工具; 激情v.運輸; 傳播; 使身處他境; 流放
英文釋義
to transfer or convey from one place to another
例句 Example
Have you got your own transport?...
你有自己的交通工具嗎？

pathway

36
中文翻譯
n.路，道; 途徑，路徑
英文釋義
path, course
例句 Example
Richard was coming up the pathway.
理查德正沿著小路走過來。

intron

37
中文翻譯
n.基因內區
英文釋義
a polynucleotide sequence in a nucleic acid that does not code information for protein synthesis and is removed before translation of messenger RNA
例句 Example
Initial analysis indicates that genome size and intron density is positively correlated to total intron size.
初步的統計結果錶明:基因組大小跟內含子總大小、內含子密度成正比的關係.

base

38
中文翻譯
n.基礎，底部; 根據; 來源; 主要成分; 總部，基地; 壘; 堿; 基數v.以…為據點（總部）adj.卑鄙的，無恥的
英文釋義
the bottom of something considered as its support : foundation
例句 Example
Being there gave me a chance to touch base with three friends whom I had not seen for a year.
在那裏，讓我有機會和一年沒見麵的三個朋友取得瞭聯係。

triggered

39
中文翻譯
adj.觸發的v.引發( trigger的過去式和過去分詞 ); 扣…的扳機; 發射（導彈）; 鬆開扳機（或扳柄等）
英文釋義
released, initiated, or set off by a trigger
例句 Example
The mere mention of food had triggered off hunger pangs.
單單提到食物就引起瞭陣陣飢餓感。

mitochondrion

40
中文翻譯
n.綫粒體
英文釋義
any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes
例句 Example
The mitochondrion is a machine within the cell that does the chemistry of breathing.
綫粒體是細胞內進行呼吸化學的一部機器.

chromosome

41
中文翻譯
n.<生>染色體
英文釋義
any of the rod-shaped or threadlike DNA-containing structures of cellular organisms that are located in the nucleus of eukaryotes, are usually ring-shaped in prokaryotes (such as bacteria), and contain all or most of the genes of the organism; also : the genetic material of a virus
例句 Example
Each cell of our bodies contains 46 chromosomes.
我們人體的每個細胞都包含46個染色體。

mediated

42
中文翻譯
v.調停，調解，斡鏇( mediate的過去式和過去分詞 ); 居間促成; 影響…的發生; 使…可能發生
英文釋義
to bring accord out of by action as an intermediary
例句 Example
My mom was the one who mediated between Zelda and her mom.
我媽媽充當瞭澤爾達和她媽媽之間的調解人。

carboxyl

43
中文翻譯
n.羧基
英文釋義
a monovalent functional group or radical —COOH typical of organic acids —called also carboxyl group
例句 Example
These sites include, carboxyl, epoxy, amino and the like.
這些部位包括羧基 、 羰基 、 環氧基和氨基等.

polypeptides

44
中文翻譯
n.[生化] 多肽
英文釋義
a molecular chain of amino acids
例句 Example
Proteins are made up of one or more polypeptides.
蛋白質是由一條或多條多肽鏈組成.

locations

45
中文翻譯
n.位置，場所( location的名詞復數 ); 發現[找齣]…的位置[地點]; 外景（拍攝地）
英文釋義
a position or site occupied or available for occupancy or marked by some distinguishing feature : situation
例句 Example
The exact locations are being kept secret for reasons of security.
確切地點因為安全原因要保密。

synthesizing

46
中文翻譯
v.綜閤( synthesize的現在分詞 ); 人工閤成; （通過化學手段或生物過程）閤成; （音響）閤成
英文釋義
to combine or produce by synthesis
例句 Example
After extensive research, Albert Hoffman first succeeded in synthesizing the acid in 1938.
經過大量研究，艾伯特·霍夫曼於1938年首次成功閤成瞭該酸性物質。

translocated

47
中文翻譯
v.改變…的位置( translocate的過去式和過去分詞 )
英文釋義
the act, process, or an instance of changing location or position: such as
例句 Example
Translocated materials occurred in the pileus after 30 minutes.
轉運物質30分鍾後纔在菌蓋中齣現.

disulfide

48
中文翻譯
n.二硫化物; 二硫醚
英文釋義
a compound containing two atoms of sulfur combined with an element or radical
例句 Example
The disulfide bridges might then be viewed primarily as stabilizing components.
二硫橋可以被看作是初級的穩定因素.

nucleotides

49
中文翻譯
[醫]核苷酸
英文釋義
any of several compounds that consist of a ribose or deoxyribose sugar joined to a purine or pyrimidine base and to a phosphate group and that are the basic structural units of nucleic acids (such as RNA and DNA)
例句 Example
The sugar in all the nucleotides of DNA is deoxyribose.
所有DNA的核苷酸中的糖均是脫氧核糖.

synthesized

50
中文翻譯
v.綜閤( synthesize的過去式和過去分詞 ); 人工閤成; （通過化學手段或生物過程）閤成; （音響）閤成
英文釋義
to combine or produce by synthesis
例句 Example
A vitamin is a chemical compound that cannot be synthesized by the human body.
維生素是一種人體無法閤成的化閤物。

triggers

51
中文翻譯
n.（槍）扳機( trigger的名詞復數 ); 引爆器; 扳柄; [電子學]起動綫路v.引發( trigger的第三人稱單數 ); 扣…的扳機; 發射（導彈）; 鬆開扳機（或扳柄等）
英文釋義
a piece (such as a lever) connected with a catch or detent as a means of releasing it; especially : the part of the action moved by the finger to fire a gun
例句 Example
Smoking triggers off cell proliferation.
吸煙會引起細胞增生。

catalyze

52
中文翻譯
vt.催化，促進
英文釋義
to bring about the catalysis of (a chemical reaction)
例句 Example
Any unexpected circumstance that arises may catalyze a sudden escalation of violence.
任何突如其來的情況都可能造成暴力驟然升級。

dissociate

53
中文翻譯
vt.使分離vi.分離
英文釋義
to separate from association or union with another
例句 Example
She wanted to dissociate herself from the controversial statements made by her colleagues.
她想要與同事們發錶的有爭議的言論劃清界限。

polysome

54
中文翻譯
n.多核糖體
英文釋義
polyribosome
例句 Example
Reviews Team Qingdao, although has certain striking power, but their superiority often polysome present main floors.
反觀青島隊, 盡管擁有一定的攻擊力, 但他們的優勢往往更多體現在主場.

peroxisomes

55
中文翻譯
n.過氧化物酶體（peroxisome的復數）
英文釋義
a cytoplasmic cell organelle containing enzymes (such as catalase) which act in oxidative reactions and especially in the production and decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
例句 Example
Catalase is found in the cytoplasm in small organelles called peroxisomes.
過氧化氫酶在一種叫過氧化物酶體的小細胞器中存在.

vesicles

56
中文翻譯
[醫]小囊泡
英文釋義
a membranous and usually fluid-filled pouch (such as a cyst, vacuole, or cell) in a plant or animal
例句 Example
In order to fuse, intracellular vesicles have to move within the cell.
為瞭融閤, 細胞內的囊泡必須在細胞內運動.

membrane

57
中文翻譯
n.（動物或植物體內的）薄膜; 隔膜; （可起防水、防風等作用的）膜狀物
英文釋義
a thin soft pliable sheet or layer especially of animal or plant origin
例句 Example
Similarly, if the seal gap increases, then the membrane will reduce the force.
同樣, 如果密封間隙增大, 那麼液膜內的力就會減小.

emergence

58
中文翻譯
n.齣現; 興起
英文釋義
the act or an instance of emerging
例句 Example
...the emergence of new scientific ideas.
新科技思想的興起

catalyzes

59
中文翻譯
v.催化，促進( catalyze的第三人稱單數 )
英文釋義
to bring about the catalysis of (a chemical reaction)
例句 Example
This enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of succinic acid.
這種酶催化琥珀酸的氧化.

alternating

60
中文翻譯
adj.交互的; <醫> 交替的v.交替( alternate的現在分詞 ); （使）交替， （使）輪換
英文釋義
occurring by turns or in succession
例句 Example
This is an alternating current generator.
這是一颱交流發電機.

membranes

61
中文翻譯
n.（動物或植物體內的）薄膜( membrane的名詞復數 ); 隔膜; （可起防水、防風等作用的）膜狀物
英文釋義
a thin soft pliable sheet or layer especially of animal or plant origin
例句 Example
The waste material is placed in cells with permeable membranes.
廢液置於有滲透膜的槽中.

directing

62
中文翻譯
v.（用建議、指示、有益的情報等）指導( direct的現在分詞 ); 導演（戲劇或電影）; 指示方嚮; 把…對準（某方嚮或某人）
英文釋義
to cause to turn, move, or point undeviatingly or to follow a straight course
例句 Example
Who was the man directing it?
誰其屍之?

chloroplasts

63
中文翻譯
n.[植] 葉綠體（chloroplast的復數）
英文釋義
a plastid that contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis
例句 Example
The damaged chloroplasts require the addition of ATP to fuel protein synthesis.
已破壞的葉綠體需要加入ATP以提供閤成蛋白質的能量.

directly

64
中文翻譯
adv.直接地; 恰好; 立即; 坦率地conj. 一…就…
英文釋義
in a direct manner
例句 Example
The second rainbow will be bigger than the first, and directly above it...
第二道彩虹將比第一道還要大，而且正好位於其上。

catalyzed

65
中文翻譯
v.催化，促進( catalyze的過去式和過去分詞 )
英文釋義
to bring about the catalysis of (a chemical reaction)
例句 Example
It had been known for some time that chemical reactions can be catalyzed by materials with large surface areas.
人們早已知道，如果材料的錶麵積足夠大，可引起催化反應。

directed

66
中文翻譯
adj.有指導的; 有管理的; 定嚮的; 被控製的v.（用建議、指示、有益的情報等）指導( direct的過去式和過去分詞 ); 導演（戲劇或電影）; 指示方嚮; 把…對準（某方嚮或某人）
英文釋義
subject to supervision or regulation
例句 Example
The Bishop directed the faithful to stay at home.
主教要求信徒們呆在傢中。

carbohydrate

67
中文翻譯
n.碳水化閤物; 糖類
英文釋義
any of various neutral compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (such as sugars, starches, and celluloses) most of which are formed by green plants and which constitute a major class of animal foods
例句 Example
Food is made up of carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
食物由碳水化閤物、蛋白質和脂肪構成。

cytoplasm

68
中文翻譯
n.細胞質，細胞漿
英文釋義
the organized complex of inorganic and organic substances external to the nuclear membrane of a cell and including the cytosol and membrane-bound organelles (such as mitochondria or chloroplasts)
例句 Example
The cytoplasm of TIL was little. The nucleus was round in shape.
電鏡下,可見腫瘤浸潤淋巴細胞核大,胞質少, 核較圓.

transmembrane

69
中文翻譯
adj.橫跨膜的
英文釋義
taking place or existing across a membrane
例句 Example
The topology prediction of transmembrane protein is a hot in Bioinformatics.
跨膜蛋白拓撲結構預測是生物信息學的研究熱點之一.

distributed

70
中文翻譯
adj.分布式的v.分配( distribute的過去式和過去分詞); 散發; 分銷; [常用被動語態]將…分類(into)
英文釋義
characterized by a statistical distribution of a particular kind
例句 Example
Alms were distributed to those in need.
救濟品被分發給睏難人群。

glycoproteins

71
中文翻譯
n.[生化] 糖蛋白; 醣蛋白質（glycoprotein的復數）
英文釋義
a conjugated protein in which the nonprotein group is a carbohydrate
例句 Example
Both myxoviruses and lysosomes are equipped with enzymes which can degrade glycoproteins.
粘液病毒和溶解體均裝配某些能分解糖蛋白的酶.

categories

72
中文翻譯
n.種類，類彆( category的名詞復數 ); 派彆
英文釋義
any of several fundamental and distinct classes to which entities or concepts belong
例句 Example
Price quotes on selected product categories will be sent on request.
所選産品類彆的報價承索即寄。

encoding

73
中文翻譯
n.編碼，譯碼v.（將文字材料）譯成密碼( encode的現在分詞 ); 編碼，編製成計算機語言
英文釋義
to convert (something, such as a body of information) from one system of communication into another; especially : to convert (a message) into code
例句 Example
Not everyone enjoys writing the software required for keyboard encoding.
並不是人人都喜歡編寫鍵盤所需的軟件.

synthesis

74
中文翻譯
n.綜閤; <化>閤成; 綜閤體; 綜閤推理
英文釋義
the composition or combination of parts or elements so as to form a whole
例句 Example
His novels are a rich synthesis of Balkan history and mythology...
他的小說融閤瞭大量巴爾乾半島的曆史和神話故事。

polypeptide

75
中文翻譯
n.多肽; 縮多氨酸
英文釋義
a molecular chain of amino acids
例句 Example
Proteins are complex macromolecules made up of one of more polypeptide chains.
蛋白質是復雜的大分子,由一條或幾條多肽鏈組成.

alternatively

76
中文翻譯
adv.二者擇一地; 要不然; 或者
英文釋義
offering or expressing a choice
例句 Example
Allow about eight hours for the drive from Calais. Alternatively, you can fly to Brive.
從加來開車去，要留齣大約8小時的時間。或者，你可以坐飛機前往布裏夫。

codon

77
中文翻譯
n.密碼子，基碼
英文釋義
a specific sequence of three consecutive nucleotides that is part of the genetic code and that specifies a particular amino acid in a protein or starts or stops protein synthesis —called also triplet
例句 Example
Because of this coding relationship, triplet of bases is called a codon.
由於這種編碼關係, 堿基的三聯體被稱為密碼子.

corresponding

78
中文翻譯
adj.相應的，相關的v.符閤; 相當於; 通信（ correspond的現在分詞）
英文釋義
having or participating in the same relationship (such as kind, degree, position, correspondence, or function) especially with regard to the same or like wholes (such as geometric figures or sets)
例句 Example
Racegoers will be given a number which will correspond to a horse running in a race...
觀看賽馬比賽的觀眾將獲得一個與某一匹賽馬相對應的號碼。

including

79
中文翻譯
prep.包括; 包含v.包括( include的現在分詞); 包含; 列入; 包住
英文釋義
to take in or comprise as a part of a whole or group
例句 Example
Stars including Joan Collins are expected to attend.
包括瓊·柯林斯在內的明星們,屆時預計會參加。

lysosomes

80
中文翻譯
[醫]溶酶體
英文釋義
a saclike cellular organelle that contains various hydrolytic enzymes
例句 Example
Some sialic acid is on the external surface of lysosomes.
有些唾液酸位於溶酶體的外錶麵.

ribosomes

81
中文翻譯
[醫]核糖體
英文釋義
any of the RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis
例句 Example
Chloroplast ribosomes contain about 50 distinct ribosomal proteins, distributed between the two subunits.
葉綠體核糖體還含有約50種不同的核糖體蛋白, 這蛋白分布在兩個亞基之中.

flexibility

82
中文翻譯
n.靈活性; 彈性; 柔韌性
英文釋義
capable of being flexed : pliant
例句 Example
...brushes with long, flexible bristles.
鬃毛長而柔韌的毛筆

environment

83
中文翻譯
n.生活環境; 自然環境，生態環境
英文釋義
the circumstances, objects, or conditions by which one is surrounded : the factors and influences that affect the growth, health, progress, functioning, etc., of someone or something
例句 Example
Pupils in our schools are taught in a safe, secure environment...
我們學校的學生在安全無慮的環境中接受教育。

abnormal

84
中文翻譯
adj.不正常的，異常的; 畸形的
英文釋義
deviating from the normal or average; often : unusual in an unwelcome or problematic way
例句 Example
...abnormal heart rhythms and high anxiety levels.
心律不齊和高度焦慮

chemical

85
中文翻譯
adj.化學的; 化學反應的; 用化學方法生成的n.化學品; 化閤物
英文釋義
of, relating to, used in, or produced by chemistry or the phenomena of chemistry
例句 Example
Chemically modified food additives are widely used in processed foods.
經過化學改性的食品添加劑在加工食品中廣泛使用。

folding

86
中文翻譯
adj.可摺疊的v.摺疊，對摺交疊( fold的現在分詞 ); 包圍; 包起; 籠罩
英文釋義
capable of being folded into a more compact shape
例句 Example
a folding table
摺疊桌

nuclear

87
中文翻譯
adj.原子核的，原子能的; [細胞]細胞核的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or constituting a nucleus
例句 Example
...a nuclear power station.
核電站