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📖 Chapter01 - Biolex 學習卡片

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總詞彙
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finch

1
中文翻譯
n.（常構成復閤詞）雀科小鳥; 雀類
英文釋義
any of numerous passerine songbirds (families Fringillidae, Estrildidae, Emberizidae, and Cardinalidae) having a short stout usually conical bill adapted for crushing seeds
例句 Example
Finch gave a superior smile.
芬奇高傲地笑瞭笑。

membrane

2
中文翻譯
n.（動物或植物體內的）薄膜; 隔膜; （可起防水、防風等作用的）膜狀物
英文釋義
a thin soft pliable sheet or layer especially of animal or plant origin
例句 Example
a waterproof membrane
防水薄膜

insulin

3
中文翻譯
n.胰島素
英文釋義
a protein pancreatic hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans that is essential especially for the metabolism of carbohydrates and the regulation of glucose levels in the blood and that when insufficiently produced results in diabetes mellitus
例句 Example
insulin-dependent diabetes
胰島素依賴型糖尿病

eater

4
中文翻譯
n.吃…的人; 腐蝕物，腐蝕劑
英文釋義
to take in through the mouth as food : ingest, chew, and swallow in turn
例句 Example
We're not great meat eaters.
我們肉吃得不多。

animation

5
中文翻譯
n.動畫片（製作）; 生氣，活力
英文釋義
the act of animating : the state of being animate or animated
例句 Example
His face was drained of all colour and animation.
他麵如死灰。

ecosystem

6
中文翻譯
n.生態係統
英文釋義
the complex of a community of organisms and its environment functioning as an ecological unit
例句 Example
Madagascar's ecosystems range from rainforest to semi-desert.
馬達加斯加生態係統類型多樣，從雨林到半荒漠等不一而足。

glucose

7
中文翻譯
n.[化]葡萄糖，右鏇糖
英文釋義
a crystalline sugar C6H12O6; specifically : the sweet colorless soluble dextrorotatory form that occurs widely in nature and is the usual form in which carbohydrate is assimilated by animals
例句 Example
Sucrose is sweet than glucose but not as sweet as fructose.
蔗糖比葡萄糖甜,但沒有果糖甜.

domain

8
中文翻譯
n.領域，範圍，範疇; 領土
英文釋義
complete and absolute ownership of land
例句 Example
The care of older people is being placed firmly within the domain of the family.
照顧老人仍然被確認為是傢庭範圍的事。

emergent

9
中文翻譯
adj.緊急的; 浮現的; 突然齣現的; 自然發生的
英文釋義
arising unexpectedly
例句 Example
emergent nations/states
新興民族 / 國傢

coloration

10
中文翻譯
n.染色，著色
英文釋義
the state of having color
例句 Example
...plants with yellow or red coloration.
黃色或紅色植物

camouflage

11
中文翻譯
n.僞裝; 掩飾; 〈喻〉幌子vt.& vi.僞裝; 掩飾; 欺瞞
英文釋義
the disguising especially of military equipment or installations with paint, nets, or foliage; also : the disguise so applied
例句 Example
a camouflage jacket (= covered with green and brown marks and worn by soldiers)
迷彩夾剋衫

reductionism

12
中文翻譯
n.簡化論，簡化法
英文釋義
explanation of complex life-science processes and phenomena in terms of the laws of physics and chemistry; also : a theory or doctrine that complete reductionism is possible
例句 Example
Reductionism and reduction method not only interrelate each other but also have essential differences.
還原論與還原方法既有聯係又存在著質的差彆.

helix

13
中文翻譯
n.螺鏇結構
英文釋義
something spiral in form: such as
例句 Example
Coil the fibre into a helix.
將縴維捲繞成螺鏇形。

pancreas

14
中文翻譯
n.<解剖>胰，胰腺
英文釋義
a large lobulated gland of vertebrates that secretes digestive enzymes and the hormones insulin and glucagon
例句 Example
During left LPN , the spleen, splenic flexure and pancreas are reflected medially.
在左側LPN中, 脾髒, 結腸脾麯以及胰腺應使其倒嚮內側.

benjamin

15
中文翻譯
n.貝加明延令草
英文釋義
a hundred dollar bill
例句 Example
I'll show it to Benjamin. He's bound to know.
我會把它給本傑明看，他肯定會知道。

continuously

16
中文翻譯
adv.連續不斷地，接連地; 時時刻刻; 連著; 直
英文釋義
in a continuous manner : without interruption
例句 Example
Residents report that they heard continuous gunfire.
居民們報告說他們聽到瞭連續不斷的槍聲。

dioxide

17
中文翻譯
n.二氧化物
英文釋義
an oxide (such as carbon dioxide) containing two atoms of oxygen in the molecule
例句 Example
The sulfur dioxide combines with water in the air, forming sulfuric acid.
二氧化硫與水結閤在空氣中, 形成硫酸.

genus

18
中文翻譯
n.（動植物的）屬; 類; 種; 型
英文釋義
a class, kind, or group marked by common characteristics or by one common characteristic; specifically : a category of biological classification ranking between the family and the species, comprising structurally or phylogenetically related species or an isolated species exhibiting unusual differentiation, and being designated by a Latin or latinized capitalized singular noun
例句 Example
The daffodil belongs to the genus Narcissus.
黃水仙是水仙屬植物.

courtship

19
中文翻譯
n.求愛期，追求期; 求愛，求婚; [動]求偶（現象）
英文釋義
the act, process, or period of courting
例句 Example
They married after a short courtship.
他們戀愛不久便結婚瞭。

reproductive

20
中文翻譯
adj.生殖的; 再生産的; 復製的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or capable of reproduction
例句 Example
...the female reproductive system.
女性生殖係統

mammalian

21
中文翻譯
n.哺乳動物adj.哺乳動物的
英文釋義
any of a class (Mammalia) of warm-blooded higher vertebrates (such as placentals, marsupials, or monotremes) that nourish their young with milk secreted by mammary glands, have the skin usually more or less covered with hair, and include humans
例句 Example
The disease can spread from one mammalian species to another.
這種疾病能夠在不同的哺乳類物種之間傳播。

hypotheses

22
中文翻譯
n.（有少量事實依據但未被證實的）假說( hypothesis的名詞復數 ); 假設; （憑空的）猜想; 猜測
英文釋義
an assumption or concession made for the sake of argument
例句 Example
Different hypotheses have been put forward to explain why these foods are more likely to cause problems.
人們已經提齣不同的假說來解釋為什麼這些食物更有可能帶來問題。

burnt

23
中文翻譯
adj.燒壞的; 燒傷的; 燙傷的; 灼傷的v.（使）燃燒( burn的過去式和過去分詞 ); 使用某物為燃料; 燒毀; 燒壞
英文釋義
consumed, altered, or damaged by or as if by fire or heat
例句 Example
burnt toast
烤焦瞭的麵包片

deductive

24
中文翻譯
adj.推論的，演繹的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or provable by deriving conclusions by reasoning : of, relating to, or provable by deduction
例句 Example
She didn't seem at all impressed by his deductive powers.
她似乎根本不為他的推論能力所動。

cannot

25
中文翻譯
=can not; 未可; 不能; 不可
英文釋義
can not
例句 Example
I cannot believe the price of the tickets!
我簡直無法相信竟有這樣的票價！

hereditary

26
中文翻譯
adj.（生物學中）遺傳的; 世襲的; 遺傳性
英文釋義
genetically transmitted or transmittable from parent to offspring
例句 Example
hereditary peers/rulers
世襲的貴族 / 統治者

biosphere

27
中文翻譯
n.生物圈; 生物界; 生物層
英文釋義
the part of the world in which life can exist
例句 Example
Biosphere 2 was ultimately ridiculed as a research debade, as exfravagant pseudoscience.
生物圈2號最終被譏諷為科研上的大失敗, 代價是昂貴的僞科學.

reductionist

28
中文翻譯
還原論者
英文釋義
explanation of complex life-science processes and phenomena in terms of the laws of physics and chemistry; also : a theory or doctrine that complete reductionism is possible
例句 Example
This encourages reductionist explanations of fascist ideology.
這助長瞭對法西斯意識形態的簡單化解釋。

hierarchy

29
中文翻譯
n.[計]分層，層次; 等級製度; 統治集團; 天使的級彆或等級
英文釋義
a division of angels
例句 Example
a hierarchy of needs
不同層次的需要

correlation

30
中文翻譯
n.關聯，聯係
英文釋義
the state or relation of being correlated; specifically : a relation existing between phenomena or things or between mathematical or statistical variables which tend to vary, be associated, or occur together in a way not expected on the basis of chance alone
例句 Example
There is a direct correlation between exposure to sun and skin cancer.
皮膚暴露在太陽下與皮膚癌直接相關。

conversely

31
中文翻譯
adv.相反地，顛倒地; 倒地; 反之; 反過來
英文釋義
in a contrasting or opposite way—used to introduce a statement that contrasts with a previous statement or presents a differing interpretation or possibility
例句 Example
You can add the fluid to the powder, or, conversely, the powder to the fluid.
可把液體加入粉末，或者相反，把粉末加入液體。

simpler

32
中文翻譯
n.藥草采集者adj.簡單的( simple的比較級 ); 樸素的; 易受騙的; 自然的
英文釋義
free from guile : innocent
例句 Example
Back in Britain, things appear, on the surface, simpler.
而在英國國內，事情錶麵上看來要簡單一些。

chromosome

33
中文翻譯
n.<生>染色體
英文釋義
any of the rod-shaped or threadlike DNA-containing structures of cellular organisms that are located in the nucleus of eukaryotes, are usually ring-shaped in prokaryotes (such as bacteria), and contain all or most of the genes of the organism; also : the genetic material of a virus
例句 Example
chromosomal abnormalities
染色體畸形

encode

34
中文翻譯
vt.（將文字材料）譯成密碼; 編碼，編製成計算機語言
英文釋義
to convert (something, such as a body of information) from one system of communication into another; especially : to convert (a message) into code
例句 Example
The two parties encode confidential data in a form that is not directly readable by the other party...
雙方將機密資料加密，這樣對方就無法直接讀取資料。

nuclei

35
中文翻譯
n.核，核心，原子核(nucleus的復數形); （原子）核( nucleus的名詞復數 ); 中心，核心
英文釋義
the small bright body in the head of a comet
例句 Example
Much of what we know about nuclei comes through scattering experiments.
我們現在對原子核的許多認識來自散射實驗.

blueprint

36
中文翻譯
n.藍圖，設想; （基因）模型
英文釋義
a photographic print in white on a bright blue ground or blue on a white ground used especially for copying maps, mechanical drawings, and architects' plans
例句 Example
a blueprint for the privatization of health care
醫療保健私有化方案

indirectly

37
中文翻譯
adv.間接地; 迂迴地; 婉轉地; 不坦率地
英文釋義
not direct: such as
例句 Example
Indirectly, I did cause her death. I shouldn'thave left her there.
的確，她的死是我間接造成的。我不該把她留在那裏。

tightly

38
中文翻譯
adv.緊緊地，堅固地，牢固地
英文釋義
having elements close together
例句 Example
Her eyes were tightly closed.
她的雙眼緊閉著。

transcription

39
中文翻譯
n.抄本; 抄寫; 錄音; 翻譯
英文釋義
an act, process, or instance of transcribing
例句 Example
errors made in transcription
抄寫錯誤

amino

40
中文翻譯
adj.<化>氨基的
英文釋義
relating to, being, or containing an amine group —often used in combination
例句 Example
There are many amino acids that the body cannot synthesise itself.
有許多種氨基酸人體自身不能閤成.

synthesize

41
中文翻譯
vt.綜閤; 人工閤成; （通過化學手段或生物過程）閤成; （音響）閤成vi.閤成; 綜閤
英文釋義
to combine or produce by synthesis
例句 Example
After extensive research, Albert Hoffman first succeeded in synthesizing the acid in 1938...
經過大量研究，艾伯特·霍夫曼於 1938 年首次成功閤成瞭該酸性物質。

genome

42
中文翻譯
n.基因組，染色體組
英文釋義
one haploid set of chromosomes with the genes they contain; broadly : the genetic material of an organism
例句 Example
the human genome
人體基因組

throughput

43
中文翻譯
n.生産量，生産能力，吞吐量; 流率
英文釋義
the amount of something (such as material, data, etc.) that passes through something (such as a machine or system)
例句 Example
...technologies which will allow us to get much higher throughput...
能讓我們大幅提高工作效率的技術

computational

44
中文翻譯
adj.計算的
英文釋義
the act or action of computing : calculation
例句 Example
computational methods
用計算機做的方法