← 返回主頁

📖 Chapter05 - Biolex 學習卡片

49
總詞彙
1
當前
0
已學習

fatty

1
adj.油膩的; 肥胖的; 多脂肪的n.胖子
containing fat especially in unusual amounts; also : unduly stout : corpulent
fatty foods
高脂食物

cellulose

2
n.細胞膜質,縴維素; (用於製作塗料、漆等的)縴維素化閤物
a polysaccharide (C6H10O5)x of glucose units that constitutes the chief part of the cell walls of plants, occurs naturally in such fibrous products as cotton and kapok, and is the raw material of many manufactured goods (such as paper, rayon, and cellophane)
A type of preparation technology for granular cellulose fiber for road construction is advanced.
提齣瞭顆粒狀路用木質縴維的製備工藝.

polypeptide

3
n.多肽; 縮多氨酸
a molecular chain of amino acids
Proteins are complex macromolecules made up of one of more polypeptide chains.
蛋白質是復雜的大分子,由一條或幾條多肽鏈組成.

polymer

4
n.多聚物; [高分子] 聚閤物
a chemical compound or mixture of compounds formed by polymerization and consisting essentially of repeating structural units
The influences of alkali, polymer, and temperature on adsorption isotherms are also discussed.
同時,探討瞭堿 、 聚閤物 、 溫度對吸附特徵的影響.

linkage

5
n.聯係,連鎖,聯動,連接; 鏈係,聯動裝置; <電>耦閤,磁鏈,匝連; <化>鍵閤
the manner or style of being united: such as
This chapter explores the linkage between economic development and the environment.
本章探討的是經濟發展與環境之間的關係。

unsaturated

6
adj.沒有飽和的,不飽和的
not saturated: such as
Multiply unsaturated compounds are usually best named by the IUPAC nomenclature.
多重不飽和化閤物一般最好用IUPAC命名法來命名.

saturate

7
v.(使)濕透,浸透; 使充滿,使飽和
to satisfy fully : satiate
The continuous rain had saturated the soil.
連綿不斷的雨把土地淋瞭個透。

nitrogenous

8
adj.氮的,含氮的
relating to, being, or containing nitrogen
Examples of such nitrogenous compounds are imidazole, ammeline, ammelide.
這類含氮化閤物的例子是咪唑, 三聚氰酸三酰胺, 三聚氰酸一酰胺.

monomer

9
n.單體
a chemical compound that can undergo polymerization
A hardening agent mixed with the monomer will induce polymerization.
固化劑與這種單體混閤將引起聚閤反應.

dehydration

10
n.脫水; 乾燥,極度口渴; 失水
the process of dehydrating; especially : an abnormal depletion of body fluids
Occa-sionally hospitalization is required to combat dehydration.
有時病人必須住院以防脫水。

glycerol

11
n.甘油,丙三醇; 醋精
a sweet syrupy hygroscopic trihydroxy alcohol C3H8O3 usually obtained by the saponification of fats
Glycerol is a constituent of all fats and phospholipids.
甘油是所有脂肪和磷脂的組成部分.

nucleotide

12
n.<生化>核苷酸
any of several compounds that consist of a ribose or deoxyribose sugar joined to a purine or pyrimidine base and to a phosphate group and that are the basic structural units of nucleic acids (such as RNA and DNA)
The holoenzyme recognizes specific nucleotide sequences on the DNA duplex ( promoters ).
全酶還能識彆DNA雙鏈分子上的特定核苷酸序列 ( 起動基因 ).

glycogen

13
n.肝糖,糖原質; 糖元; 牲粉
a white amorphous tasteless polysaccharide (C6H10O5)x that is the principal form in which glucose is stored in animal tissues and especially muscle and liver tissue
After the animal is killed, glycogen falls apart into glucose.
動物被殺後, 肝糖元分解為葡萄糖.

sickle

14
n.鐮刀; 收割機中的切割裝置
an agricultural implement consisting of a curved metal blade with a short handle fitted on a tang
Take the sickle which is lying on the grindstone.
把磨刀石上的那把鐮刀拿去.

chitin

15
n.殼質,角素; 幾丁質
a horny polysaccharide (C8H13NO5)n that forms part of the hard outer integument especially of insects, arachnids, and crustaceans
Chitin synthase is the important enzyme that converts UDP - GlcNAc to chitin.
摘要幾丁質閤成酶是生物閤成幾丁質的關鍵物質.

hemoglobin

16
n.血紅素; 血紅蛋白
an iron-containing respiratory pigment of vertebrate red blood cells that consists of a globin composed of four subunits each of which is linked to a heme molecule, that functions in oxygen transport to the tissues after conversion to oxygenated form in the gills or lungs, and that assists in carbon dioxide transport back to the gills or lungs after surrender of its oxygen
Hemoglobin can also be cross - linked to solublepolymers to form so - called conjugated hemoglobin.
血紅蛋白也能交聯到水溶性多聚體上,形成 所謂 的共軛血紅蛋白.

hydrolysis

17
n.水解
a chemical process of decomposition involving the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion of water
After the research the condition the optimum technique of hydrolysis was found.
並且考察瞭五倍子的水解條件,篩選齣較為理想的水解工藝.

ribose

18
n.核糖
a pentose C5H10O5 found especially in the dextrorotatory form as a component of many nucleosides (such as adenosine and guanosine) especially in RNA
Ribose and deoxyribose are constituents of the nucleic acids RNA and DNA.
核糖與脫氧核糖分彆是核糖核酸與脫氧核酸(DNA)的結構成分.

polysaccharide

19
n.多糖,聚糖,多聚糖
a carbohydrate that can be decomposed by hydrolysis into two or more molecules of monosaccharides; especially : one (such as cellulose, starch, or glycogen) containing many monosaccharide units and marked by complexity
A polysaccharide is composed of three or more monosaccharides.
多糖是由三個以上的單糖所組成的.

nucleoside

20
n.核苷
a compound (such as guanosine or adenosine) that consists of a purine or pyrimidine base combined with deoxyribose or ribose and is found especially in DNA or RNA
Cytidine ( cytosine nucleoside ) A NUCLEOSIDE formed when cytosine is linked to Dribose via a � � - glycosidic bond.
胞嘧 啶 核苷:當胞嘧啶通過β - 糖苷鍵與D- 核糖接閤形成的核苷.

gibbon

21
n.長臂猿
any of a family (Hylobatidae) of agile brachiating tailless apes of southeastern Asia that are the smallest and most arboreal anthropoid apes
I was still the slave of education and prejudice ( Edward Gibbon )
我受教育和偏見的影響還是很深 ( 愛德華吉本 )

fructose

22
n.果糖
a crystalline sugar C6H12O6 sweeter and more soluble than glucose
METHODS : The interference of fructose diphosphate injection to the process of bacterial endotoxin test was studied.
考察果糖二磷酸鈉注射液對細菌內毒素檢查法的乾擾行為.

sucrose

23
n.蔗糖
a sweet crystalline dextrorotatory disaccharide sugar C12H22O11 that occurs naturally in most plants and is obtained commercially especially from sugarcane or sugar beets
...simple sugars like sucrose, glucose and fructose.
諸如蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖等單糖

linear

24
adj.直綫的,綫形的; 長度的; <數>一次的,綫性的; 通過單獨的若乾階段來發展
of, relating to, resembling, or having a graph that is a line and especially a straight line : straight
In his art he broke the laws of scientific linear perspective.
他在自己的繪畫藝術中打破瞭科學的直綫透視法規律。

peptide

25
n.<生化>肽,縮氨酸
any of various amides that are derived from two or more amino acids by combination of the amino group of one acid with the carboxyl group of another and are usually obtained by partial hydrolysis of proteins
Throughout the world, other countries were rushing to approve Peptide 7 and obtain supplies.
在世界各地, 其它國傢也趕緊批準縮氨酸7號,並索取供貨.

terminus

26
n.終點; 終點站; 界限; 界石
either end of a transportation line or travel route; also : the station, town, or city at such a place : terminal
...the London terminus of the Channel Tunnel rail link.
英吉利海峽隧道連接鐵路的倫敦終點站

quaternary

27
n.四,四個一組adj.第四組中的組成部分,四進製的
of, relating to, or consisting of four units or members
Cationics are usually quaternary ammomium salts.
陽離子錶麵活性劑通常為季銨鹽類.

thymine

28
n.胸腺嘧啶
a pyrimidine base C5H6N2O2 that is one of the four bases coding genetic information in the polynucleotide chain of DNA
The other two, thymine and cytosine, are single ring structures called pyrimidines.
另兩個為胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶, 即稱為嘧啶的單環結構.

cardiovascular

29
adj.心血管的
of, relating to, or involving the heart and blood vessels
Smoking places you at serious risk of cardiovascular and respiratory disease.
吸煙會大大增加罹患心血管和呼吸道疾病的風險。

receptor

30
n.[生]感受器,受體; [電]感受器,接收器; [化]接受器; 感覺器官
receiver: such as
...the information receptors in our brain.
我們大腦裏的信息感受器

collagen

31
n.[生化]膠原蛋白; 膠原質
any of a group of fibrous proteins that occur in vertebrates as the chief constituent of connective tissue fibrils and in bones and yield gelatin and glue upon boiling with water
collagen injections
膠原蛋白注射

tertiary

32
adj.第三的; <醫>第三期的; (T-)<地>第三紀的; <化>叔的
of third rank, importance, or value
the tertiary sector (= the area of industry that deals with services rather than materials or goods)
第三産業部門

subunit

33
n.子[分,亞]組
a unit that is part of a larger unit : a subdivision of a unit
The 50 S ribosomal subunit: a view of peptide bond formation using RNA.
50S核糖體亞基: 利用RNA閤成肽鍵的觀點.

cytosine

34
n.胞核嘧啶,氧氨嘧啶
a pyrimidine base C4H5N3O that codes genetic information in the polynucleotide chain of DNA or RNA
The other two, thymine and cytosine, are single ring structures called pyrimidines.
另兩個為胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶, 即稱為嘧啶的單環結構.

uracil

35
n.尿嘧啶; 二氧嘧啶
a pyrimidine base C4H4N2O2 that is one of the four bases coding genetic information in the polynucleotide chain of RNA
Uracil -- a pyrimidine found in RNA that base - pares with adenine.
尿嘧啶 -- 核糖核酸中的一種嘧啶,與腺嘌呤形成堿基對.

adenine

36
n.腺嘌呤
a purine base C5H5N5 that codes hereditary information in the genetic code in DNA and RNA
There are just four kinds: adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine.
隻有4種: 腺嘌呤 、 胸腺嘧啶 、 鳥嘌呤和胞核嘧啶.

guanine

37
n.鳥嘌呤(核酸的基本成分)
a purine base C5H5N5O that codes genetic information in the polynucleotide chain of DNA or RNA
There are just four kinds: adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine.
隻有4種: 腺嘌呤 、 胸腺嘧啶 、 鳥嘌呤和胞核嘧啶.

monosaccharide

38
n.單糖
a sugar that is not decomposable into simpler sugars by hydrolysis, is classed as either an aldose or ketose, and contains one or more hydroxyl groups per molecule —called also simple sugar
Glyceraldehydes ( CHOCH ( OH ) - CH 2 OH ) A simple monosaccharide bearing an aldehyde group.
甘油醛:分子式為[CHOCH ( OH ) -CH2OH ],它是具醛基的一種簡單的單糖.

maltose

39
n.麥芽糖; 飴糖; 飴
a crystalline dextrorotatory fermentable sugar C12H22O11 formed especially from starch by amylase
Sucrose and maltose are examples.
例如蔗糖和麥芽糖.

amylose

40
n.直鏈澱粉,多糖; 糖澱粉
a component of starch characterized by its straight chains of glucose units
Amylose content ( AC ) is one of the key influential factors.
直鏈澱粉含量 ( AC ) 是影響稻米食用品質的關鍵因素之一.

digestive

41
adj.消化的; 助消化的n.助消化的食物/藥物
an aid to digestion especially of food
the digestive system/tract
消化係統 / 道

exoskeleton

42
n.外骨骼
an external supportive covering of an animal (such as an arthropod)
The outermost layer of cuticle of an arthropod exoskeleton, composed mostly of wax.
主要為水生的節肢動物,通常身體分節並有殼質的外骨骼.

ester

43
n.酯
any of a class of often fragrant organic compounds that can be represented by the formula RCOOR' and that are usually formed by the reaction between an acid and an alcohol with elimination of water
The acid ewolises nearly as well as the ester.
此酸的烯醇化幾乎象酯一樣良好.

steroid

44
n.[生化]甾類化閤物,類固醇
any of various compounds containing a 17-carbon 4-ring system and including the sterols and numerous hormones (such as anabolic steroids or corticosteroids) and glycosides; often, specifically : anabolic steroid
That the steroid sticks chitosan LCD liquid crystal phase and there is a typical Cholesteric texture.
證明瞭甾體枝化殼聚糖液晶存在液晶相並且是典型的膽甾相織構.

catalyze

45
vt.催化,促進
to bring about the catalysis of (a chemical reaction)
Any unexpected circumstance that arises may catalyze a sudden escalation of violence.
任何突如其來的情況都可能造成暴力驟然升級。

fibrous

46
adj.含縴維的,縴維性的
containing, consisting of, or resembling fibers
fibrous tissue
縴維組織

connective

47
adj.起連接作用的; 連接的,聯結的n.連接詞; 連接物,結閤物
serving to connect
connective tissue
結締組織

dimensional

48
adj.空間的,尺寸的; 〈數〉因次的,…次元的
measure in one direction; specifically : one of three coordinates determining a position in space or four coordinates determining a position in space and time
I found the characters very two-dimensional, not to say dull.
我覺得那些人物形象即使不說是乏味無聊,至少也是毫無深度。

aggregate

49
n.總數,閤計; 集閤; 骨料,集料adj.總數的,總計的; 〈地理〉聚成岩的v.總計; 匯集
formed by the collection of units or particles into a body, mass, or amount : collective: such as
They won 4–2 on aggregate.
他們以總分4:2獲勝。