← 返回主頁

📖 Chapter10 - Biolex 學習卡片

47
總詞彙
1
當前
0
已學習

pyruvate

1
中文翻譯
n.丙酮酸鹽（或酯）
英文釋義
a salt or ester of pyruvic acid
例句 Example
These two amino acids derive their carbon skeletons from pyruvate.
這兩個氨基酸從丙酮酸獲得它們的碳架.

glycolysis

2
中文翻譯
n.糖酵解
英文釋義
the enzymatic breakdown of a carbohydrate (such as glucose) by way of phosphate derivatives with the production of pyruvic or lactic acid and energy stored in high-energy phosphate bonds of ATP
例句 Example
The anaerobic breakdown of glucose is called glycolysis.
厭氧分解葡萄糖稱為酵解.

fermentation

3
中文翻譯
n.發酵; 激動，紛擾
英文釋義
the enzyme-catalyzed anaerobic breakdown of an energy-rich compound (such as a carbohydrate to carbon dioxide and alcohol or to an organic acid) by the action of microorganisms (such as bacteria or yeast) that occurs naturally and is commonly used in the production of various products (such as food, alcoholic beverages, and pharmaceuticals) especially by controlling microbial enzymatic activity; broadly : any of various enzyme-catalyzed aerobic or anaerobic processes (such as oxidation) involving transformation of organic compounds
例句 Example
It acts as a catalyst in the process of fermentation.
它在發酵過程中起觸媒的作用.

citric

4
中文翻譯
adj.檸檬的，采自檸檬的
英文釋義
a tricarboxylic acid C6H8O7 occurring in cellular metabolism, obtained especially from lemon and lime juices or by fermentation of sugars, and used chiefly as a flavoring
例句 Example
Citric acid can be extracted from the juice of oranges, lemons, limes or grapefruit.
檸檬酸可以從橙汁、檸檬汁、酸橙汁或者柚子汁中提取。

oxidative

5
中文翻譯
adj.氧化的，具有氧化特性的
英文釋義
the act or process of oxidizing
例句 Example
Oxidant refers to that group of compounds in the air highly oxidative.
氧化劑指的是在空氣中高度氧化性質的一組化閤物.

redox

6
中文翻譯
n.氧化還原作用
英文釋義
of or relating to oxidation-reduction
例句 Example
The oxaloacetate level in the mitochondria is determined by the redox state.
綫粒體中草酰乙酸水平又取決於氧化還原狀態.

acetyl

7
中文翻譯
n.乙酰基，醋酸基
英文釋義
the radical CH3CO— of acetic acid —often used in combination
例句 Example
Sixteen flavanone - 7 - O - acetic acids, acetates, acetyl amino acidsand dipeptides derivatives were synthesized.
閤成16個黃烷酮 -7-O- 乙酸 、 乙酸酯 、 乙酰氨基酸和二肽衍生物.

aerobic

8
中文翻譯
adj.需氧的，有氧的; 有氧健身的，增氧健身法
英文釋義
living, active, or occurring only in the presence of oxygen
例句 Example
aerobic bacteria
需氧細菌

oxidize

9
中文翻譯
vt.使氧化; 使生銹vi.氧化; 變成氧化的
英文釋義
to combine with oxygen
例句 Example
Aluminium is rapidly oxidized in air...
鋁會在空氣中迅速氧化。

acceptor

10
中文翻譯
n.接受者，接收器; 受主; 被誘物
英文釋義
accepter
例句 Example
In aerobic systems, oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor and is reduced.
在需氧體係中, 氧是末端電子接受體並且被還原.

anaerobic

11
中文翻譯
adj.厭氧菌的，厭氧菌産生的; （細菌等）能在無空氣（或無氧）情況下生活（或成長）的; 無氧
英文釋義
living, active, occurring, or existing in the absence of free oxygen
例句 Example
anaerobic bacteria
厭氧菌

lactate

12
中文翻譯
v.（哺乳動物）泌乳n.乳酸酯（或鹽）
英文釋義
a salt or ester of lactic acid
例句 Example
[不可数名词]the period of lactation
哺乳期

dehydrogenase

13
中文翻譯
n.脫氫酶
英文釋義
an enzyme that accelerates the removal of hydrogen from metabolites and its transfer to other substances
例句 Example
Both prephenate dehydrogenase and prephenate dehydratase have been isolated from plants.
預苯酸脫氫酶和預苯酸脫水酶都已從植物中分離齣來.

lactic

14
中文翻譯
adj.乳的
英文釋義
of or relating to milk
例句 Example
The somewhat acid flavour is caused by the presence of lactic acid.
這種微酸的味道是因為含有乳酸造成的。

coenzyme

15
中文翻譯
n.輔酶
英文釋義
a thermostable nonprotein compound that forms the active portion of an enzyme system after combination with an apoenzyme
例句 Example
Ingredient: Plant coenzyme Q 10, JIAYING reductase polypeptide, licorice extract.
成份: 植物輔酶Q10, JIAYING多肽還原酶, 甘草提取物.

regenerate

16
中文翻譯
vt.& vi.迴收（廢熱，廢料等）; 使再生; 革新; 使悔悟
英文釋義
formed or created again
例句 Example
The money will be used to regenerate the commercial heart of the town.
這筆錢將用來發展壯大市鎮的商業中心。

reduced

17
中文翻譯
adj.減少的，簡化的v.換算( reduce的過去式和過去分詞 ); 約束; 使變為; 使變弱
英文釋義
to draw together or cause to converge : consolidate
例句 Example
The Royal Court just literally walked away from Angkor completely.
皇室完全地離開瞭吳哥.

denomination

18
中文翻譯
n.宗派; 教派; 麵額; <正>名稱
英文釋義
an act of denominating
例句 Example
Christians of all denominations attended the conference.
基督教所有教派的人都齣席瞭這次會議。

citrate

19
中文翻譯
n.檸檬酸鹽
英文釋義
a salt or ester of citric acid
例句 Example
Piperazine citrate is the drug of choice in the treatment of Ascaris infestations.
枸櫞酸呱嗪治療蛔蟲感染是最好的藥物.

carried

20
中文翻譯
adj.被攜帶的，被運載的v.支撐( carry的過去式和過去分詞 ); 攜帶; 輸送; 運載
英文釋義
to move while supporting : transport
例句 Example
It was a crime of espionage and carried the death penalty.
這是間諜罪，應判死刑。

acetaldehyde

21
中文翻譯
n.乙醛，醋醛
英文釋義
a colorless volatile water-soluble liquid aldehyde C2H4O used chiefly in organic synthesis
例句 Example
The corresponding reaction of acetaldehyde is subject to general base catalysis.
乙醛相應的反應服從廣義的堿催化.

becomes

22
中文翻譯
v.變為，成為( become的第三人稱單數 ); 適閤; 使（人）顯得漂亮; 使好看
英文釋義
to come into existence
例句 Example
If your skin becomes red, sore or very scaly, consult your doctor.
如果皮膚發紅、瘙癢或脫皮，要嚮醫生谘詢。

nicotinamide

23
中文翻譯
n.煙堿; 維生素PP; 維生素B5
英文釋義
niacinamide
例句 Example
Reduced nicotinamide nucleotides can function as reductants to nitrogenase.
還原的煙酰胺核苷酸對固態酶可以起還原劑的作用.

payoff

24
中文翻譯
n.報酬; 結清，算清; 發工資; 結果，結局adj.決定性的; 産生結果的; 支付的
英文釋義
profit, reward
例句 Example
You're doing what you really love to do, which is making music — that's the payoff.
你現在做著你真正喜歡做的事情，也就是音樂製作——這就是迴報。

facultative

25
中文翻譯
adj.特許的; 兼性的
英文釋義
of or relating to the grant of permission, authority, or privilege
例句 Example
All the photosynthetic bacteria possess the capability in addition to various facultative aerobes and obligate anaerobes.
所有光閤細菌加上各種兼性的好氧生物和絕對的厭氧生物具有這種能力.

degradation

26
中文翻譯
n.墮落，落魄; 惡化，衰退; 降解
英文釋義
the act or process of degrading
例句 Example
the degradation of being sent to prison
被關進監獄的落泊境況

uncontrolled

27
中文翻譯
adj.不受控製的，不加剋製的; 無控; 無拘束
英文釋義
not controlled: such as
例句 Example
uncontrolled anger
剋製不住的憤怒

hexokinase

28
中文翻譯
n.己糖激酶
英文釋義
any of a group of enzymes that accelerate the phosphorylation of hexoses (as in the formation of glucose-6-phosphate from glucose and ATP) in carbohydrate metabolism
例句 Example
Objective To evaluate the influence of icterus on the determination of glucose by Hexokinase ( HK ) methods.
目的:探討黃疸對己糖激酶(Hexokinase,hk)法測定血糖 ( GLU ) 的影響.

triose

29
中文翻譯
n.丙糖
英文釋義
either of two monosaccharides C3H6O3 containing three carbon atoms
例句 Example
These reactions can conserve three of every four carbons diverted to glycolate by forming triose.
這些反應能把四分之三的乙醇酸的碳保存在三碳糖中.

decompose

30
中文翻譯
vt.& vi.分解; （使）腐爛
英文釋義
to separate into constituent parts or elements or into simpler compounds
例句 Example
a decomposing corpse
正在腐爛的屍體

phosphoryl

31
中文翻譯
n.磷酰基
英文釋義
a usually trivalent group PO
例句 Example
Taking toluene , chlorosulfonic acid and phosphoryl chloride as raw materials, p - toluenesulfonyl was synthesized.
以 甲苯 、 氯磺酸、三氯氧磷為原料, 氯化銨為催化劑閤成對甲苯磺酰氯.

heme

32
中文翻譯
n.亞鐵血紅素; 縫邊
英文釋義
the deep red iron-containing prosthetic group C34H32N4O4Fe of hemoglobin and myoglobin
例句 Example
This structure is called the heme group.
這一結構叫做血紅素基因.

rotor

33
中文翻譯
n.輪子，鏇轉器; 鏇翼
英文釋義
a part that revolves in a stationary part
例句 Example
rotor blades on a helicopter
直升機的鏇翼葉片

stator

34
中文翻譯
n.定子，固定片
英文釋義
a stationary part in a machine in or about which a rotor revolves
例句 Example
The diameters of the rotor and the stator are limited by mechanical stresses.
轉子和定子的直徑受到機械強度的限製.

catalytic

35
中文翻譯
adj.接觸反應的; 起催化作用的n.催化劑; 刺激因素
英文釋義
causing, involving, or relating to catalysis
例句 Example
The first catalytic converters were called conventional oxidation catalysts.
最初的轉化器叫做常規氧化催化器.

known

36
中文翻譯
adj.大傢知道的; 已知的; 知名的; 嚮某人作自我介紹v.知道( know的過去分詞 ); 看到過; 聽到過; 經曆過
英文釋義
generally recognized
例句 Example
He's a known thief.
他是個齣瞭名的小偷。

cyanide

37
中文翻譯
n.<化>氰化物
英文釋義
a compound of cyanogen with a more electropositive element or group: such as
例句 Example
Someone had fed him a lethal dose of cyanide...
有人給他下瞭緻命劑量的氰化物。

brewing

38
中文翻譯
n.釀造v.調製( brew的現在分詞 ); 醞釀; 沏（茶）; 煮（咖啡）
英文釋義
to prepare (beer, ale, etc.) by steeping, boiling, and fermentation or by infusion and fermentation
例句 Example
We'd seen the storm brewing when we were out in the boat.
我們在外麵劃船的時候就發現風暴將至。

cacao

39
中文翻譯
n.可可，可可樹，可可豆
英文釋義
a dried, fermented, fatty seed of the fruit of a South American evergreen tree (Theobroma cacao of the family Malvaceae) that is used in making cocoa, chocolate, and cocoa butter : cocoa bean
例句 Example
Exports: cotton, crude oil, palm products, cacao.
齣口: 棉花, 重油, 棕櫚産品, 可可.

skeletal

40
中文翻譯
adj.骨骼的，骸骨的; 骨瘦如柴的
英文釋義
of, relating to, forming, attached to, or resembling a skeleton
例句 Example
skeletal figures dressed in rags
衣衫襤褸、骨瘦如柴的人

longer

41
中文翻譯
adj.比較久的; （距離，長度）長的( long的比較級 ); 長時間的; （因忙或不愉快等）似乎比實際時間長的; 長音的
英文釋義
extending for a considerable distance
例句 Example
If you build more plastics into cars, the car lasts longer.
如果汽車采用更多塑料元件，壽命會更長一些。

obligate

42
中文翻譯
vt.使（在法律或道義上）負有責任或義務; 對…施以恩惠adj.有義務的，必要的
英文釋義
to bind legally or morally : constrain
例句 Example
The nature of the nutritional requirements for obligate parasites in nature is unknown.
人們還不知道自然界中專性寄生菌的營養要求的本質.

heirloom

43
中文翻譯
n.祖傳遺物，傳傢寶
英文釋義
a piece of property (such as a deed or charter) that descends to the heir as an inseparable part of an inheritance of real property
例句 Example
a family heirloom
傳傢寶

funnel

44
中文翻譯
n.漏鬥; （輪船，火車等的）煙囪; 漏鬥狀物; [礦]通風井vt.& vi.把…灌進漏鬥; 使成漏鬥狀; 成漏鬥形; 使匯集
英文釋義
a utensil that is usually a hollow cone with a tube extending from the smaller end and that is designed to catch and direct a downward flow
例句 Example
Wind was funnelling through the gorge.
風吹過峽榖。

deamination

45
中文翻譯
n.去氨基
英文釋義
to remove the amino group from (a compound)
例句 Example
In deamination, the nitrogen - containing amino portion of the molecules is removed.
在脫氨作用中, 分子 含氨基 的部分被移去.

ammonia

46
中文翻譯
n.氨; 氨水; 氨氣
英文釋義
a pungent colorless gaseous alkaline compound of nitrogen and hydrogen NH3 that is very soluble in water and can easily be condensed to a liquid by cold and pressure
例句 Example
Distillery wastewater was typical organic wastewater with high ammonia concentration.
釀酒廢水是一種典型的高氨氮濃度的有機廢水.

beta

47
中文翻譯
n.貝塔，希臘字母中的第二個字母
英文釋義
the 2nd letter of the Greek alphabet
例句 Example
Hence the search for exotic beta.
對“奇異貝塔”的追尋也將如此.