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📖 Chapter11 - Biolex 學習卡片

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chlorophyll

1
中文翻譯
n.葉綠素
英文釋義
the green photosynthetic pigment found chiefly in the chloroplasts of plants and occurring especially as a blue-black ester C55H72MgN4O5 or a dark green ester C55H70MgN4O6 —called also respectively chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b
例句 Example
It may be coloured with chlorophyll or not more than 0.015 % of a suitable green soap dye.
它可能由葉綠素或不多於0.015%閤的綠皂染料染色.

pigment

2
中文翻譯
n.顔料，色料; [生]色素
英文釋義
a substance that imparts black or white or a color to other materials; especially : a powdered substance that is mixed with a liquid in which it is relatively insoluble and used especially to impart color to coating materials (such as paints) or to inks, plastics, and rubber
例句 Example
The Romans used natural pigments on their fabrics and walls.
古羅馬人在織物和牆壁上使用天然顔料。

fixation

3
中文翻譯
n.迷戀; 固定
英文釋義
the act, process, or result of fixing, fixating, or becoming fixated: such as
例句 Example
a mother fixation
戀母情結

absorption

4
中文翻譯
n.吸收; 閤並，同化; 專注，著迷
英文釋義
the process of absorbing something or of being absorbed
例句 Example
the absorption of immigrants into the host country
移民與移居國的融閤

mesophyll

5
中文翻譯
n.葉肉
英文釋義
the parenchyma between the epidermal layers of a foliage leaf
例句 Example
The mesophyll consists of two layers of palisade parenchyma.
葉肉是由兩層柵欄薄壁組織組成.

electromagnetic

6
中文翻譯
adj.<物>電磁的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or produced by electromagnetism
例句 Example
an electromagnetic wave/field
電磁波 / 場

photon

7
中文翻譯
n.<物>光子，光量子
英文釋義
a quantum of electromagnetic radiation
例句 Example
The chance that an electron absorbs more than one photon is negligible.
一個電子吸收一個以上的光子的機會是極少的.

sheath

8
中文翻譯
n.護套; 鞘; 葉鞘; 緊身裝
英文釋義
a case for a blade (as of a knife)
例句 Example
the sheath around an electric cable
電綫護皮

stoma

9
中文翻譯
n.（植物）氣孔，（動物）氣門
英文釋義
any of various small simple bodily openings especially in a lower animal
例句 Example
It enhances stability for a contaminated wound and supports the application of a stoma appliance.
腹直肌皮瓣是一個容易施行的手術並且對於一個汙染的傷口提供瞭良好的穩定性及覆蓋性,它同時也能支撐造口並提供造口保護皮良好的穩定性及黏著性.

regeneration

10
中文翻譯
n.<生>再生; 恢復; <宗>（靈魂的）重生; <電子>正反饋
英文釋義
an act or the process of regenerating : the state of being regenerated
例句 Example
Vitamin B assists in red-blood-cell regeneration.
維生素B可以促進紅細胞再生。

sunlight

11
中文翻譯
n.陽光
英文釋義
the light of the sun : sunshine
例句 Example
a ray/pool of sunlight
一束 / 一片陽光

fluorescence

12
中文翻譯
n.熒光，熒光性
英文釋義
luminescence that is caused by the absorption of radiation at one wavelength followed by nearly immediate reradiation usually at a different wavelength and that ceases almost at once when the incident radiation stops; also : the radiation emitted
例句 Example
In X - ray fluorescence, pieces of the filter are used directly.
在 X 射綫熒光法中, 可直接使用濾紙.

cytochrome

13
中文翻譯
n.細胞色素
英文釋義
any of several intracellular hemoprotein respiratory pigments that are enzymes functioning in electron transport as carriers of electrons
例句 Example
Cytochrome P 450 enzymes are very important for metabolism function in body.
細胞色素P450酶是體內代謝轉換的重要酶係.

reductase

14
中文翻譯
n.還原酶
英文釋義
an enzyme that catalyzes reduction
例句 Example
Nitrate reductase is a short - lived enzyme.
硝酸還原酶是短壽酶.

carboxylase

15
中文翻譯
n.碳酸酵素; 羧化酶
英文釋義
an enzyme that catalyzes decarboxylation or carboxylation
例句 Example
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase intrinsically located in the chloroplast of rice plays a crucial role in ammonium assimilation.
磷酸羧化酶在水稻葉綠體形成中的作用.

alga

16
中文翻譯
n.水藻
英文釋義
any of a diverse group of chiefly photosynthetic and aquatic plantlike organisms that range from unicellular to large multicellular forms, are typically classified as protists, and include the green, yellow-green, brown, golden-brown, and red algae in the eukaryotes and especially formerly the cyanobacteria in the prokaryotes
例句 Example
Spiral alga has a slimming effect, it is popular with many women.
螺鏇藻有減肥的作用, 受到許多女士的歡迎.

structurally

17
中文翻譯
adv.在結構上
英文釋義
of or relating to the physical makeup of a plant or animal body
例句 Example
When we bought the house, it was structurally sound.
我們買下這棟房子的時候，它的結構還非常堅固。

shorter

18
中文翻譯
adj.短的( short的比較級 ); 不夠; 短缺的; 短期的
英文釋義
having little length
例句 Example
The car is some 40mm shorter than its predecessor.
這輛轎車比原先的車型短瞭約40毫米。

transmittance

19
中文翻譯
n.播送; 發射; 傳動; 透明度
英文釋義
transmission
例句 Example
The transmittance is central to the theory of radioactive cooling.
透過率是輻射冷卻理論的中心.

effectiveness

20
中文翻譯
n.有效，有力; 有效性; 效益; 效用
英文釋義
producing a decided, decisive, or desired effect
例句 Example
The drugs work well at first but gradually lose their effectiveness.
這些藥的效果起初非常好,但後來逐漸失效.

excitation

21
中文翻譯
n.<物>（原子獲得高能量的）激發（過程）; 激動; （由刺激引起的器官、組織等的）應激反應; <電>勵磁
英文釋義
excitement; especially : the disturbed or altered condition resulting from stimulation of an individual, organ, tissue, or cell
例句 Example
Perhaps his nerve is naturally too dull to admit of any excitation.
大概他的神經天生就很遲鈍以至不容有任何刺激的餘地.

arid

22
中文翻譯
adj.乾旱的，乾燥的; 貧瘠的，荒蕪的，不毛的; 枯燥無味的，無趣的
英文釋義
excessively dry; specifically : having insufficient rainfall to support agriculture
例句 Example
arid and semi-arid deserts
乾旱和半乾旱的沙漠

stomata

23
中文翻譯
n.口，氣孔; （植物）氣孔，（動物）氣門( stoma的名詞復數 )
英文釋義
any of various small simple bodily openings especially in a lower animal
例句 Example
Under conditions of water stress, leaf turgor decreases and stomata close.
在乾旱的條件下, 葉子的膨壓減少而氣孔關閉.

unicellular

24
中文翻譯
adj.單細胞的
英文釋義
having or consisting of a single cell
例句 Example
unicellular organisms
單細胞生物

feces

25
中文翻譯
n.糞，屎，渣滓; 糞便
英文釋義
bodily waste discharged through the anus : excrement
例句 Example
Eggs are excreted in the urine and feces.
蟲卵從尿、糞中排齣.

remains

26
中文翻譯
n.遺骨，遺體，殘骸，殘餘，遺跡; 廢墟，遺址，遺跡，剩餘（物），餘額v.留下( remain 的第三人稱單數); 保持; 留待; 仍然是
英文釋義
to be a part not destroyed, taken, or used up
例句 Example
She fed the remains of her lunch to the dog.
她把剩下的午飯喂狗瞭。

microscopic

27
中文翻譯
adj.顯微鏡的; 用顯微鏡可看見的; 微小的; 細微的
英文釋義
resembling a microscope especially in perception
例句 Example
(humorous)The sandwiches were microscopic!
這些三明治小得都快看不見瞭！

splitting

28
中文翻譯
adj.爆裂似的，極快的v.（使）裂開， （使）破裂( split的現在分詞 ); 分裂; 分開; [俚語]（迅速）離開
英文釋義
that splits or causes to split: such as
例句 Example
I thought the implication was that they were splitting up.
我想這潛在的意思就是他們分手瞭.

gamma

29
中文翻譯
n.希臘字母錶的第三個字母; 微剋; [物]伽馬; [蟲]V紋蛾
英文釋義
the 3rd letter of the Greek alphabet
例句 Example
Gamma : Yeah. Your voice sounds funny.
對, 你聲音聽起來很滑稽.

micro

30
中文翻譯
adj.微觀的; 具體的
英文釋義
very small; especially : microscopic
例句 Example
The vital task was to allow the economy to operate freely at a micro level.
關鍵任務是要實現經濟在微觀層麵的自由運轉。

infrared

31
中文翻譯
adj.<物>紅外綫的
英文釋義
situated outside the visible spectrum at its red end —used of radiation having a wavelength between about 700 nanometers and 1 millimeter
例句 Example
infrared radiation
紅外輻射

inversely

32
中文翻譯
adv.相反地
英文釋義
in an inverse order or manner
例句 Example
Pressure varies directly with temperature and inversely with volume.
壓力隨溫度成正比例變化,與容積成反比例變化.

reflected

33
中文翻譯
adj.反射的，得自他人的v.反射（光、熱、聲或影像）( reflect的過去式和過去分詞 ); 考慮; 反照; 錶達
英文釋義
to block and redirect (light, sound, etc.)
例句 Example
Lights reflected off dust-covered walls creating a ghostly luminescence.
燈光照在滿是灰塵的牆上，反射迴蒼白的冷光。

spectrophotometer

34
中文翻譯
n.分光光度計
英文釋義
a photometer for measuring the relative intensities of the light in different parts of a spectrum
例句 Example
Nitrir oxide ( NO ) and plasma ox - LDL was measured by spectrophotometer and Sandwich ELISE method, respectively.
測定血漿中的NO、ox-LDL水平.

refracting

35
中文翻譯
v.<物>（使）摺射( refract的現在分詞 )
英文釋義
to subject (something, such as a ray of light) to refraction
例句 Example
Crystals having this property are said to be doubly refracting , or birefringent.
具有這種性質的晶體叫做雙摺射晶體.

photoelectric

36
中文翻譯
adj.[物]光電的
英文釋義
involving, relating to, or utilizing any of various electrical effects due to the interaction of radiation (such as light) with matter
例句 Example
Early results on the photoelectric effect had not produced consistent results.
有關光電效應的早期實驗,並未取得協調一緻的結果.

prism

37
中文翻譯
n.棱鏡，棱晶; [數]棱柱體，角柱（體），[物]（結晶）柱; [物]分光光譜，光譜的七色，摺光物體
英文釋義
a polyhedron with two polygonal faces lying in parallel planes and with the other faces parallelograms
例句 Example
Through the smoky prism of time, I could just barely make out my father as a young man.
時間模糊瞭記憶，我幾乎想不起父親年輕時的樣子。

galvanometer

38
中文翻譯
n.檢流計; 電流錶
英文釋義
an instrument for detecting or measuring a small electric current by movements of a magnetic needle or of a coil in a magnetic field
例句 Example
When the galvanometer reads zero the circuit is in the null - balance position.
當檢流計的讀數為零時,電路處於零平衡位置.

slit

39
中文翻譯
vt.切開，撕開; 使有狹縫n.狹長切口; 裂縫; 投幣口
英文釋義
a long narrow cut or opening
例句 Example
a long skirt with a slit up the side
側開衩的長裙

filamentous

40
中文翻譯
adj.細絲狀的，縴維所成的，如絲的
英文釋義
a single thread or a thin flexible threadlike object, process, or appendage : such as
例句 Example
DNA filamentous fungi could be provided by the modified with benzyl chloride.
本文采用改進的氯化苄法,得到的DNA質量好、産量高,可以直接用於後續的基因操作.

spectra

41
中文翻譯
n.範圍，光譜; 光譜( spectrum的名詞復數 ); 波譜; 範圍; 係列
英文釋義
a continuum of color formed when a beam of white light is dispersed (as by passage through a prism) so that its component wavelengths are arranged in order
例句 Example
This paper discussed the emendation of the luminescent spectra of semiconductor films.
討論瞭半導體發光薄膜的光緻發光譜修正要點.

porphyrin

42
中文翻譯
n.卟啉
英文釋義
any of various compounds with a macrocyclic structure that consists essentially of four pyrrole rings joined by four =CH— groups; especially : one (such as chlorophyll or hemoglobin) containing a central metal atom and usually exhibiting biological activity
例句 Example
Each of living organisms are full of pigment porphyrin.
每個活生物體都飽含卟啉色素.

afterglow

43
中文翻譯
n.晚霞，夕照; 餘輝
英文釋義
a glow remaining where a light has disappeared
例句 Example
...the light of the sunset's afterglow.
落日的餘暉

tate

44
中文翻譯
n.<英方>少量，一小把，一綹頭發
英文釋義
(John Orley) Allen 1899—1979 American poet and critic
例句 Example
In the poem, Tate is speaking his usual blind optimism.
在這首詩裏, 泰特錶達齣瞭他通常的那種盲目的樂觀主義.

leftover

45
中文翻譯
n.剩餘物; 殘羹剩菜
英文釋義
something that remains unused or unconsumed; especially : leftover food served at a later meal —usually used in plural
例句 Example
He's a leftover from the hippies in the 1960s.
他是20世紀60年代嬉皮士的殘餘分子。

progressively

46
中文翻譯
adv.前進地，日益增加地; 逐步
英文釋義
of, relating to, or characterized by progress: such as
例句 Example
The situation was becoming progressively more difficult.
局勢變得愈發睏難起來。

higher

47
中文翻譯
adj.高高的; 高級的; 上級的; 高等的; 高的( high的比較級 ); 高尚的; 高地的; 高級的
英文釋義
rising or extending upward a great distance : taller than average, usual, or expected
例句 Example
My mind was on higher things.
我那時想著更重要的事。

mitochondria

48
中文翻譯
n.<生>綫粒體; 綫粒體( mitochondrion的名詞復數 )
英文釋義
any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes
例句 Example
The oxaloacetate level in the mitochondria is determined by the redox state.
綫粒體中草酰乙酸水平又取決於氧化還原狀態.