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📖 Chapter15 - Biolex 學習卡片

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morgan

1
中文翻譯
n.摩（基因交換單位）
英文釋義
a unit of inferred distance between genes on a chromosome that is used in constructing genetic maps and is equal to the distance for which the frequency of crossing over between specific pairs of genes is 100 percent
例句 Example
Dividing his command, Morgan assailed both strongholds at the same time.
摩根派遣部隊同時襲擊瞭兩個據點。

recombination

2
中文翻譯
n.再結閤; 再化閤; 復閤
英文釋義
the formation by the processes of crossing-over and independent assortment of new combinations of genes in progeny that did not occur in the parents
例句 Example
The degree of recombination is reciprocal in most cases.
重新結閤的程度在大多數情況下是相互的.

mutant

3
中文翻譯
n.突變體; 突變異種; 變種生物; 突變adj.突變的; 變異的; 變異所引起的; 經過突變的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or produced by mutation
例句 Example
a mutant gene
變異基因

vestigial

4
中文翻譯
adj.殘留的，殘餘的，退化的
英文釋義
remaining in a form that is small or imperfectly developed and not able to function : being or having the form of a vestige
例句 Example
vestigial traces of an earlier culture
早期文化的遺跡

unlinked

5
中文翻譯
v.解開…的環節( unlink的過去式和過去分詞 )
英文釋義
not belonging to the same genetic linkage group
例句 Example
The three of them unlinked their arms and went off in three different directions.
三個人的連環臂拆散瞭,走瞭三條路.

aneuploidy

6
中文翻譯
非整倍性
英文釋義
having or being a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the usually haploid number
例句 Example
Aneuploidy in human population is a serious genetic problem.
在人類群體中非整倍性是個嚴重的遺傳問題.

deletion

7
中文翻譯
n.刪除
英文釋義
the act of deleting
例句 Example
This involved the deletion of a great deal of irrelevant material.
這包括刪除很大一部分不相關的內容。

translocation

8
中文翻譯
n.遷移，移動，置換; 易位; 輸導作用
英文釋義
the act, process, or an instance of changing location or position: such as
例句 Example
The transport of materials in plants is called translocation.
植物中物質的輸送稱為運輸作用.

genomic

9
中文翻譯
染色體組的
英文釋義
of or relating to a genome or to genomics
例句 Example
Genomic analysis of parasitic human pathogens, particularly Plasmodium falciparum, and Leishmania major.
人類寄生性病原體的基因體分析, 特彆是瘧原蟲與利什曼原蟲.

inversion

10
中文翻譯
n.倒置; （尤指詞序）倒裝; 轉化; （染色體的）倒位
英文釋義
a reversal of position, order, form, or relationship: such as
例句 Example
the inversion of normal word order
正常詞序的倒裝

extranuclear

11
中文翻譯
adj.核外的，細胞核外的，胞質的
英文釋義
situated in or affecting the parts of a cell external to the nucleus : cytoplasmic
例句 Example
This covers almost the whole of extranuclear physics and most of nuclear physics, too.
這就包括瞭幾乎全部核外物理學, 也包括瞭大部分原子核物理學的範圍.

aneuploid

12
中文翻譯
adj.非整倍的n.非整倍體
英文釋義
having or being a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the usually haploid number
例句 Example
These cells often have a variable chromosome number ( aneuploid ).
這些細胞的染色體數目不等, ( 稱為“非倍數染色體”. )

convincing

13
中文翻譯
adj.令人信服的，有說服力的v.使相信; 說服（convince的現在分詞）
英文釋義
satisfying or assuring by argument or proof
例句 Example
She sounded very convincing to me (= I believed what she said) .
我覺得她的話很有說服力。

eyed

14
中文翻譯
adj.有眼的
英文釋義
having an eye or eyes especially of a specified kind or number —often used in combination
例句 Example
He chewed the stem of his pipe and eyed her sceptically.
他嘴裏銜著煙鬥柄，滿腹狐疑地打量著她。

rand

15
中文翻譯
n.鞋後根與鞋底中間的墊皮，邊緣
英文釋義
the basic monetary unit of South Africa
例句 Example
The rand slumped by 22% against the dollar.
蘭特同美元的匯率大幅下跌瞭22%。

correlate

16
中文翻譯
v.（使）互相關聯
英文釋義
either of two things so related that one directly implies or is complementary to the other (such as husband and wife)
例句 Example
The figures do not seem to correlate.
這些數字似乎毫不相乾。

anatomy

17
中文翻譯
n.解剖，分解，分析; （詳細的）剖析; （生物體的）解剖結構; 骨骼
英文釋義
a branch of morphology that deals with the structure of organisms
例句 Example
an anatomy of the current recession
對當前經濟衰退的剖析

perm

18
中文翻譯
n.電燙發vt.燙發
英文釋義
permanent
例句 Example
to have a perm
燙鬈發

unrelated

19
中文翻譯
adj.無關的，不相關的; 無關聯的; 無親戚關係的
英文釋義
not related: such as
例句 Example
The two events were totally unrelated.
這兩件事互不相乾。

blindness

20
中文翻譯
n.失明; 盲目; 無知; 輕率
英文釋義
sightless
例句 Example
It causes blindness or serious loss of vision.
這能導緻失明或視力嚴重受損。

dystrophy

21
中文翻譯
n.營養不良
英文釋義
a condition produced by faulty nutrition
例句 Example
Clinical for muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, muscular dystrophy, polymyositis, motor neuron disease, as atrophy disease syringomyelia.
臨床用於肌肉萎縮 、 重癥肌無力 、 肌營養不良 、 肌炎 、 運動神經元病 、 脊髓空洞癥等痿癥.

hemophilia

22
中文翻譯
n.血友病，齣血不止病
英文釋義
a hereditary, sex-linked blood defect occurring almost exclusively in males that is marked by delayed clotting of the blood with prolonged or excessive internal or external bleeding after injury or surgery and in severe cases spontaneous bleeding into joints and muscles and that is caused by a deficiency of clotting factors
例句 Example
Hemophilia was first described in 1803.
血友病在1803年初次被描述.

lynch

23
中文翻譯
vt.以私刑處死（被認為有罪的人）
英文釋義
to put to death (as by hanging) by mob action without legal approval or permission
例句 Example
They were about to lynch him when reinforcements from the army burst into the room and rescued him.
他們正準備動私刑絞死他時，援軍闖入房間把他救下瞭。

ordered

24
中文翻譯
adj.安排好的，整齊的，規則的v.（醫生）開（處方）( order的過去式和過去分詞 ); 訂購; （上帝、命運等）注定; 點（飯菜，飲料等）
英文釋義
characterized by order: such as
例句 Example
an ordered existence
井井有條的生活

maroon

25
中文翻譯
n.逃亡黑奴; 孤立的人; 醬紫色，褐紅色vt.把…放逐到孤島; （因洪水等）使孤立; 閑蕩adj.醬紫色的，褐紅色的
英文釋義
a dark red
例句 Example
‘Lord of the Flies ’ is a novel about English schoolboys marooned on a desert island.
《蠅王》是一本關於一群被睏在荒島上的英國男學童的小說。

cinnabar

26
中文翻譯
n.硫化汞; 硃砂，辰砂; 丹砂
英文釋義
artificial red mercuric sulfide used especially as a pigment
例句 Example
Objective : To explore the pharmacological mechanism of Cinnabar and Realgar in Angong Niuhuang powder ANP.
目的: 探討安宮牛黃散中硃砂、雄黃的藥理作用機製.

developmental

27
中文翻譯
adj.發展的; 成長的，形成的; 開發中的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or being development; broadly : experimental
例句 Example
The product is still at a developmental stage.
這種産品仍處於研製階段。

monosomic

28
中文翻譯
adj.單（染色）體的
英文釋義
having one less than the diploid number of chromosomes
例句 Example
T - test and Duncan variance analysis were adopted in F _ 1 and F _ 2 monosomic analysis.
單體分析中F_1世代采用t - 測驗,F_2世代采用Duncan方差分析法.

breakage

29
中文翻譯
n.破壞，破損，破損量
英文釋義
loss due to things broken
例句 Example
The last time we moved house there were very few breakages.
我們上次搬傢時幾乎沒有什麼物品破損。

trisomy

30
中文翻譯
n.三（染色）體性，三（染色）體細胞
英文釋義
the condition (as in Down syndrome) of having one or a few chromosomes triploid in an otherwise diploid set
例句 Example
A short femur is associated with trisomy 21 rather than trisomy 13 and holoprosencephaly.
股骨短與21-三體而不是13-三體或全前腦畸形有關.

turner

31
中文翻譯
n.車床工，體育協會會員; 車工
英文釋義
one that turns or is used for turning; especially : a person who forms articles with a lathe
例句 Example
Turner, however, putted superbly, twice holing from 40 feet.
然而特納兩次從40英尺處漂亮地將球輕擊入洞。

sterile

32
中文翻譯
adj.不毛的，貧瘠的; 不生育的; 無菌的; 無效果的
英文釋義
failing to bear or incapable of producing fruit or spores
例句 Example
sterile bandages
消毒綳帶

viable

33
中文翻譯
adj.切實可行的; 能養活的; 能自行生産發育的; 有望實現的
英文釋義
capable of living
例句 Example
a viable option/proposition
切實可行的選擇 / 提議

severely

34
中文翻譯
adv.嚴格地; 嚴重地; 嚴厲地; 嚴肅地
英文釋義
strict in judgment, discipline, or government
例句 Example
...a business with severe cash flow problems...
有嚴重資金周轉問題的公司

intellectually

35
中文翻譯
adv.知性上，智力上
英文釋義
of or relating to the intellect or its use
例句 Example
Mr Gibson is clearly intellectually out of his depth.
吉布森先生顯然纔智不逮。

disabled

36
中文翻譯
adj.喪失能力的; 殘疾的; 無效的; 不能運轉的
英文釋義
impaired or limited by a physical, mental, cognitive, or developmental condition : affected by disability
例句 Example
physically/mentally disabled
有生理殘疾的；有心理缺陷的

catlike

37
中文翻譯
adj.像貓的，偷偷摸摸的
英文釋義
resembling a cat; especially : stealthy
例句 Example
Even in Lupus, their claws are almost catlike in sharpness.
當化為狼形時, 他們的爪子就像貓一樣銳利.

infancy

38
中文翻譯
n.嬰兒期，幼年時代; 初期，搖籃時代; [法]未成年
英文釋義
early childhood
例句 Example
to die in infancy
嬰兒夭摺

myelogenous

39
中文翻譯
adj.骨髓性的
英文釋義
of, relating to, originating in, or produced by the bone marrow
例句 Example
At high power, the bone marrow of a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia is seen here.
在高倍鏡下, 見到的是急性髓母細胞白血病骨髓.

leukemia

40
中文翻譯
n.<醫>白血病（俗稱血癌）
英文釋義
an acute or chronic disease in humans and other warm-blooded animals characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells in the tissues and often in the blood
例句 Example
He was diagnosed with leukemia.
他經診斷患有白血病.

reciprocal

41
中文翻譯
adj.相互的; 互惠的; 倒數的
英文釋義
inversely related : opposite
例句 Example
The two colleges have a reciprocal arrangement whereby students from one college can attend classes at the other.
兩所學院有一項互惠協定，允許學生在院際間選課。

methylation

42
中文翻譯
甲基化作用
英文釋義
the introduction of a methyl radical into a substance; especially : dna methylation
例句 Example
Methylation causes a permanent change in gene activity during development.
在發育過程中甲基化導緻瞭基因功能的永久改變.