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📖 Chapter31 - Biolex 學習卡片

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mycelium

1
中文翻譯
n.菌絲體
英文釋義
the mass of interwoven filamentous hyphae that forms especially the vegetative portion of the thallus of a fungus and is often submerged in another body (as of soil or organic matter or the tissues of a host); also : a similar mass of filaments formed by some bacteria (such as streptomyces)
例句 Example
They are thick - walled , are not easily detached from the mycelium.
它們是 厚壁 的, 是不易從菌絲體上脫落的.

mycorrhizal

2
中文翻譯
adj.真菌菌根的
英文釋義
the symbiotic association of the mycelium of a fungus with the roots of a seed plant
例句 Example
The site had been inoculated with soil containing suitable mycorrhizal fungi.
在生境中用帶有閤適菌根真菌的土壤接種.

basidium

3
中文翻譯
n.（某些真菌的）擔子
英文釋義
a structure on a basidiomycete in which karyogamy occurs followed by meiosis to form usually four basidiospores
例句 Example
The cultivated mushroom is an exception, with only two sterigmata on each basidium.
成熟的蘑菇例外, 每個擔子上僅有兩個孢子梗.

mutualistic

4
中文翻譯
adj.mutualism的形容詞形式（互助論，互利共生）
英文釋義
the doctrine or practice of mutual dependence as the condition of individual and social welfare
例句 Example
The relationship between plant and pollinator is a mutualistic one.
植物和授粉動物之間的關係是典生關係.

conidium

5
中文翻譯
n.無性孢子，分生孢子
英文釋義
an asexual spore produced on a conidiophore of certain fungi
例句 Example
Conidium ( conidiospore ) ( pl . conidia ) An asexual spore of certain fungi Ascomycota and Fungi Anamorphici e . g.
分生孢子 ( 無性孢子 ):某些真菌産生的無性孢子.

hypha

6
中文翻譯
n.菌絲
英文釋義
one of the threads that make up the mycelium of a fungus, increase by apical growth, and are transversely septate or nonseptate
例句 Example
The antifungal mechanism of Trichoderma is varied, including antibiotic, dissolve hypha, parasitism and competition.
木黴菌的作用機製多種多樣, 包括産生抗生素、重寄生作用 、 溶菌作用、競爭作用等.

ascomycete

7
中文翻譯
n.子囊菌類的草
英文釋義
any of a group (such as class Ascomycetes or subdivision Ascomycotina) of higher fungi (such as yeasts or molds) with septate hyphae and spores formed in asci
例句 Example
Usually the fungus is an ascomycete but occasionally it is a basidiomycete.
組成地衣的菌類多為子囊菌,也有擔子菌類.

bicolor

8
中文翻譯
adj.二色的; 鬍枝子
英文釋義
having two colors
例句 Example
New taxa rainforest taxonomy Sinopimoa gen . nov. Sinopimoa bicolor sp . nov.
新階元雨林分類華模蛛屬雙色華模蛛.

parasitic

9
中文翻譯
adj.寄生的; 寄生物的; 由寄生蟲引起的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or being a parasite: such as
例句 Example
a parasitic disease/infection
寄生物誘發的疾病 / 感染

dispersed

10
中文翻譯
adj.分散的; 被驅散的v.（使）分散(disperse的過去式和過去分詞); 傳播
英文釋義
to cause to break up
例句 Example
They live high in the Andes, in small and dispersed groups.
他們零星散居在安第斯山脈的高處。

asci

11
中文翻譯
n.子囊( ascus的名詞復數 ); pl. of ascus; ascus的復數形式
英文釋義
the membranous oval or tubular spore case of an ascomycete
例句 Example
Groups of asci form fruiting bodies.
子囊群形成果實體.

mycosis

12
中文翻譯
n.黴菌病
英文釋義
infection with or disease caused by a fungus
例句 Example
To evaluate the early diagnosis ways of the tonsil mycosis.
目的:探討扁桃體真菌病的早期診斷方法.

symbiosis

13
中文翻譯
n.（通常互利的）共生（現象）; （人與人之間的）互利關係
英文釋義
the living together in more or less intimate association or close union of two dissimilar organisms (as in parasitism or commensalism); especially : mutualism
例句 Example
Judge the " Dancing Spirit " of Sculpture Art from " Multiple Symbiosis "
由 “ 多元共生 ” 看雕塑藝術的 “ 樂舞精神 ”

reciprocate

14
中文翻譯
vt.互換，互給; 迴報vi.往復運動; 互換; 迴報; 互給
英文釋義
to give and take mutually
例句 Example
Her passion for him was not reciprocated.
她對他的熱情沒有得到迴應。

septa

15
中文翻譯
n.隔片，隔壁(seprum的復數); 隔膜( septum的名詞復數 )
英文釋義
a dividing wall or membrane especially between bodily spaces or masses of soft tissue
例句 Example
Septa are constructed from muscle fibres.
隔膜由肌縴維組成.

lignin

16
中文翻譯
n.木質素
英文釋義
an amorphous polymer related to cellulose that provides rigidity and together with cellulose forms the woody cell walls of plants and the cementing material between them
例句 Example
Lignin is a characteristic component of secondary walls.
木質素是次生壁成份的特徵.

basidiomycete

17
中文翻譯
n.擔子菌類
英文釋義
any of a group of higher fungi that have septate hyphae and spores borne on a basidium, that include rusts, smuts, mushrooms, and puffballs, and that are variously considered to comprise a class (Basidiomycetes), a subdivision (Basidiomycotina), or a division (Basidiomycota)
例句 Example
Usually the fungus is an ascomycete but occasionally it is a basidiomycete.
組成地衣的菌類多為子囊菌,也有擔子菌類.

endophyte

18
中文翻譯
n.內部寄生植物，內生植物
英文釋義
an organism (such as a bacterium or fungus) living within a plant
例句 Example
The endophyte is surrounded by a membrane of apparent host plant origin.
內生植物是明顯地被起源於寄生植物的膜包圍的.

lichen

19
中文翻譯
n.[植]地衣，苔蘚
英文釋義
any of numerous complex plantlike organisms made up of an alga or a cyanobacterium and a fungus growing in symbiotic association on a solid surface (such as on a rock or the bark of trees)
例句 Example
The stone stairway was covered with lichen.
那石級長滿瞭地衣.

ringworm

20
中文翻譯
n.癬，癬菌病
英文釋義
any of several contagious fungal diseases of the skin, hair, or nails of humans and domestic animals that are characterized by ring-shaped discolored skin patches covered with vesicles and scales
例句 Example
Slums gradually spread like ringworm over the face of the city.
貧民區逐漸蔓延,像市容上生的一塊癬.

systemic

21
中文翻譯
adj.係統的; [生]全身的; 體係的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or common to a system: such as
例句 Example
systemic weedkillers
內吸除草劑

martin

22
中文翻譯
n.燕科小鳥（如岩燕、雨燕）
英文釋義
a small Eurasian bird (Delichon urbica) of the swallow family with a forked tail, bluish-black head and back, and white rump and underparts
例句 Example
"Ah, Captain Fox," Martin McGuinness said affably. "Nice to see you again."
“啊，福剋斯上尉，”馬丁·麥吉尼斯親切地說，“很高興再次見到您。”

poplar

23
中文翻譯
n.楊樹; 楊木
英文釋義
any of a genus (Populus) of slender catkin-bearing quick-growing deciduous trees (such as an aspen or cottonwood) of the willow family
例句 Example
The weeping willow is taller than the poplar.
這棵垂柳比這棵楊樹高.

importantly

24
中文翻譯
adv.重要地
英文釋義
—used to say that what follows in a sentence is important
例句 Example
I was hungry, and, more importantly, my children were hungry.
我很餓，更重要的是，我的孩子們很餓。

tubular

25
中文翻譯
adj.管係組織的; 管子形的，管狀的; 管子做成的; 發吹管般聲音的
英文釋義
having the form of or consisting of a tube
例句 Example
a tubular metal chair
用金屬管做的椅子

osmotic

26
中文翻譯
adj.滲透的，滲透性的
英文釋義
of, relating to, caused by, or having the properties of osmosis
例句 Example
An osmotic mutant of Neurospora was permeable to polymers of molecular weight 18500.
脈孢殼屬的滲透突變體能透過分子量為18500的聚閤物.

septum

27
中文翻譯
n.隔膜
英文釋義
a dividing wall or membrane especially between bodily spaces or masses of soft tissue
例句 Example
Objective To discuss the reservation and using of orbital septum fat in lower pouches taxis operation.
目的:探討下瞼袋整復術中眶隔脂肪的閤理保留與利用對術後形態的影響.

septate

28
中文翻譯
adj.具隔膜的，被隔膜分開的
英文釋義
divided by or having a septum
例句 Example
These fungi are septate with simple pores in their cross - walls.
這些真菌在它們的橫壁中是具簡單孔的橫隔膜的.

interwoven

29
中文翻譯
v.使（與…交織）( interweave的過去分詞 )
英文釋義
to weave together
例句 Example
For these people, land is inextricably interwoven with life itself.
對這些人來說，土地與生活本身有著不可分割的密切關係。

girth

30
中文翻譯
n.周長，（馬等的）肚帶，腰身
英文釋義
a band or strap that encircles the body of an animal to fasten something (such as a saddle) on its back
例句 Example
a man of enormous girth
腰圍很粗的男人

mutually

31
中文翻譯
adv.互相地，互助; 對
英文釋義
directed by each toward the other or the others
例句 Example
a mutually beneficial/supportive relationship
互惠 / 互助的關係

cortex

32
中文翻譯
n.皮質; 樹皮; 果皮
英文釋義
the outer or superficial part of an organ or bodily structure (such as the kidney, adrenal gland, or cerebellum or a bone); especially : cerebral cortex
例句 Example
the cerebral/renal cortex (= around the brain/)
大腦 / 腎皮層

invagination

33
中文翻譯
n.內陷，入鞘，套入; 套帶螺釘; 凹入; 摺入
英文釋義
an act or process of invaginating; specifically : the formation of a gastrula by an infolding of part of the wall of the blastula
例句 Example
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of MRI on basilar invagination.
目的:探討MRI對顱底凹陷癥的診斷價值.

propagate

34
中文翻譯
vt.繁衍，增殖; 使遺傳; 擴散; 使蔓延vi.繁殖; 擴大; [物] 通過媒介傳送
英文釋義
to cause to continue or increase by sexual or asexual reproduction
例句 Example
Television advertising propagates a false image of the ideal family.
電視廣告傳播著理想傢庭的一種假象。

transient

35
中文翻譯
adj.短暫的; 轉瞬即逝的; 臨時的n.臨時旅客; 瞬變現象; 候鳥
英文釋義
passing especially quickly into and out of existence : transitory
例句 Example
the transient nature of speech
言語的即逝性

heterokaryon

36
中文翻譯
n.異核體; 雜核體
英文釋義
a cell (as in the mycelium of a fungus) that contains two or more genetically unlike nuclei
例句 Example
Hyphae with nuclei of different genotypes can fuse to form a heterokaryon.
當含有兩種不同基因型的菌絲融閤在一起時,可以形成異核體.

furry

37
中文翻譯
adj.毛皮的，毛皮製的; 有皮毛般覆蓋的; 有舌苔的; <美俚>可怕的，毛骨悚然的
英文釋義
consisting of or resembling fur
例句 Example
small furry animals
毛茸茸的小動物

flagellated

38
中文翻譯
adj.生有鞭毛的，生有匍匐莖的v.鞭打，鞭撻( flagellate的過去式和過去分詞 )
英文釋義
having flagella : flagellate
例句 Example
Legionellae are aerobic, non - spore formingrod - shaped , typically flagellated, gram - negative bacteria.
軍團菌群是一種好氧的 、 非 孢子繁殖的、杆狀的 、 一般帶有絨毛的格蘭氏陰性菌.

globally

39
中文翻譯
[計] 全局地
英文釋義
of, relating to, or involving the entire world : worldwide
例句 Example
Globally, there is a danger of water recession in the near future.
縱觀全局, 在不久的將來海水水位下降的危險逼近.