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📖 Chapter35 - Biolex 學習卡片

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cambium

1
中文翻譯
n.形成層，新生組織
英文釋義
a thin formative layer between the xylem and phloem of most vascular plants that gives rise to new cells and is responsible for secondary growth
例句 Example
The base of scoin is cut diagonally to expose a large oval of cambium.
接穗的基部被切成斜形,暴露齣橢圓形的大圈形成層.

axillary

2
中文翻譯
adj.腋窩的，葉腋的，腋生的n.腋窩的羽翼
英文釋義
of, relating to, or located near the axilla
例句 Example
Axillary buds develop into flower cluster of 2 to 35 flowers each.
腋牙發育成每簇含2--35朵花的花簇.

sieve

3
中文翻譯
n.[糧食][礦]篩子; 濾網; 不能保守秘密的人，嘴不嚴的人v.篩，篩選; 濾
英文釋義
a device with meshes or perforations through which finer particles of a mixture (as of ashes, flour, or sand) of various sizes may be passed to separate them from coarser ones, through which the liquid may be drained from liquid-containing material, or through which soft materials may be forced for reduction to fine particles
例句 Example
Press the raspberries through a fine sieve to form a puree.
用一個細篩子將山莓壓碎過濾，以製成山莓泥。

dermal

4
中文翻譯
adj.皮膚的，真皮的
英文釋義
of or relating to skin and especially to the dermis : cutaneous
例句 Example
Dermal hypersensitivity usually does not develop until three to four weeks after onset.
皮膚過敏通常在起病後三、四周內不會齣現.

parenchyma

5
中文翻譯
n.薄壁組織; 柔膜組織; 腺細胞組織，實質
英文釋義
the essential and distinctive tissue of an organ or an abnormal growth as distinguished from its supportive framework
例句 Example
A rim of thyroid parenchyma is seen at the left.
在左邊可見模糊的甲狀腺實質邊緣。

sclerenchyma

6
中文翻譯
n.厚壁組織
英文釋義
a protective or supporting tissue in higher plants composed of cells with walls thickened and often lignified
例句 Example
Sclereid Any SCLERENCHYMA cell except the long fibers.
石細胞:為厚壁組織中除縴維外的所有細胞種類.

cylinder

7
中文翻譯
n.圓柱體; 圓筒狀物; （發動機）汽缸
英文釋義
the surface traced by a straight line moving parallel to a fixed straight line and intersecting a fixed planar closed curve
例句 Example
a six-cylinder engine
六缸發動機

procambium

8
中文翻譯
n.前形成層
英文釋義
the part of the primary meristem of a plant that forms cambium and primary vascular tissues
例句 Example
Cells of the procambium and ground meristem are more vacuolated than those of the protoderm.
原形成層和基本分生組織的細胞比原錶皮層細胞更加液泡化.

primordium

9
中文翻譯
n.原基，原始細胞
英文釋義
the rudiment or commencement of a part or organ
例句 Example
Biology The initial clustering of embryonic cells from which a part or an organ develops; primordium.
原基,芽基,胚基:長齣部位或器官的胚胎細胞群; 原基.

protoderm

10
中文翻譯
n.錶皮原
英文釋義
the outer primary meristem of a plant or plant part
例句 Example
Cells of the procambium and ground meristem are more vacuolated than those of the protoderm.
原形成層和基本分生組織的細胞比原錶皮層細胞更加液泡化.

collenchyma

11
中文翻譯
n.厚角組織
英文釋義
a plant tissue that consists of living usually elongated cells with unevenly thickened walls and acts as support especially in areas of primary growth
例句 Example
The pith of this stemlike stele appears rather strongly like collenchyma tissue.
莖狀中柱的髓顯得頗強健,像厚角組織.

undifferentiated

12
中文翻譯
adj.無差彆的，一緻的，未分化的
英文釋義
not divided or able to be divided into different elements, types, etc. : not differentiated
例句 Example
a view of society as an undifferentiated whole
認為社會是一個統一整體的觀點

stele

13
中文翻譯
n.石碑，石柱，匾額; 牆刻; 碑碣; 中柱
英文釋義
the usually cylindrical central vascular portion of the axis of a vascular plant
例句 Example
The pith of this stemlike stele appears rather strongly like collenchyma tissue.
莖狀中柱的髓顯得頗強健,像厚角組織.

pith

14
中文翻譯
n.精力; （木）髓; （爭論、思想等）核心; 橙子等外皮之下的海綿層
英文釋義
a usually continuous central strand of spongy tissue in the stems of most vascular plants that probably functions chiefly in storage
例句 Example
the pith of her argument
她論據的核心

pericycle

15
中文翻譯
n.中柱鞘
英文釋義
a thin layer of parenchymatous or sclerenchymatous cells that surrounds the stele in most vascular plants
例句 Example
Surrounding the central cylinder is the pericycle.
圍繞中柱的是中柱鞘.

cortical

16
中文翻譯
adj.皮層的，皮質的，有關腦皮層的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or consisting of cortex
例句 Example
By age 10, 50 % of patients have calcified cortical tubers.
10歲的時候, 50%的病人齣現鈣化結節.

taproot

17
中文翻譯
n.（植物的）主根，直根
英文釋義
a primary root that grows vertically downward and gives off small lateral roots
例句 Example
Censorship strikes at the taproot of our free society.
檢查製度動搖我們自由社會的根基.

maximize

18
中文翻譯
vt.最大化，使（某事物）增至最大限度; 極為重視; [數學]解函數的最大值; 最大限度利用（某事物）vi.盡可能廣義地解釋; 達到最大值
英文釋義
to increase to a maximum
例句 Example
to maximize efficiency/fitness/profits
最大限度地提高效率 / 增強體質 / 增加利潤

petiole

19
中文翻譯
n.葉柄，柄部
英文釋義
a slender stem that supports the blade of a foliage leaf
例句 Example
The vascular tissue passes through the pulvinus into the petiole proper.
維管組織經過葉枕進入葉柄.

leaflet

20
中文翻譯
n.散頁印刷品; 傳單; 小冊子v.（嚮…）散發傳單（或小冊子）
英文釋義
one of the divisions of a compound leaf
例句 Example
a leaflet on local places of interest
有關當地名勝的小冊子

heartwood

21
中文翻譯
n.赤木質，心材
英文釋義
the older harder nonliving central wood of trees that is usually darker, denser, less permeable, and more durable than the surrounding sapwood
例句 Example
One or more layers of living and functional sapwood cells are periodically converted to heartwood.
每個生長周期都有一或多層活的邊材細胞轉變成心材.

sapwood

22
中文翻譯
n.邊材，白木質
英文釋義
the younger softer living or physiologically active outer portion of wood that lies between the cambium and the heartwood and is more permeable, less durable, and usually lighter in color than the heartwood
例句 Example
One or more layers of living and functional sapwood cells are periodically converted to heartwood.
每個生長周期都有一或多層活的邊材細胞轉變成心材.

asymmetrical

23
中文翻譯
adj.不均勻的，不對稱的; 非對等
英文釋義
having two sides or halves that are not the same : not symmetrical
例句 Example
Most people's faces are asymmetrical.
多數人的臉並不對稱。

internode

24
中文翻譯
n.節間; 節間部
英文釋義
an interval or part between two nodes (as of a stem)
例句 Example
Internode The region of the stem between two NODES.
節間:是莖上兩個節中間的區域.

taper

25
中文翻譯
vt.& vi.逐漸變細，變尖; 逐漸減弱n.細蠟燭; 燈芯; 錐形物
英文釋義
to become progressively smaller toward one end
例句 Example
The tail tapered to a rounded tip.
尾部越來越細，最後成瞭個圓尖。

cutaway

26
中文翻譯
adj.下擺圓角的，一部分切掉的n.下擺裁成圓角的禮服
英文釋義
having or showing parts cut away
例句 Example
a cutaway picture of the inside of a nuclear reactor
核反應堆內部的剖麵圖

thickness

27
中文翻譯
n.層; 濃度; 厚（度）; 最厚的部分
英文釋義
the smallest of three dimensions
例句 Example
Use wood of at least 12 mm thickness.
使用至少12毫米厚的木材。

circumference

28
中文翻譯
n.周圍，圓周; 胸圍
英文釋義
the perimeter of a circle
例句 Example
the circumference of the earth
地球的周長

meristematic

29
中文翻譯
adj.分生組織的
英文釋義
a formative plant tissue usually made up of small cells capable of dividing indefinitely and giving rise to similar cells or to cells that differentiate to produce the definitive tissues and organs
例句 Example
It is formed when parenchyma cells resume meristematic activity.
它由恢復分裂能力的薄壁細胞組成.

palisade

30
中文翻譯
n.（用尖樁做的）柵欄
英文釋義
a fence of stakes especially for defense
例句 Example
In July, 2006, our company newly established artistic palisade processing factory undertaking processing and installation project.
我公司於2006年7月份又新成立瞭藝術圍欄加工廠對外承攬加工安裝工程.

spongy

31
中文翻譯
adj.海綿似的，柔軟吸水的，富有彈性的; 肉; 瓤; 多水
英文釋義
resembling a sponge:
例句 Example
spongy moss
海綿似的苔蘚

perpendicular

32
中文翻譯
adj.垂直的，成直角的; 直立的，險陡的; [建]垂直式的; 〈謔〉直站著的n.垂直綫，垂直麵; 直立，直立姿勢，廉直; 垂直測器，錘規; [建]垂直式建築，絕壁
英文釋義
standing at right angles to the plane of the horizon : exactly upright
例句 Example
Are the lines perpendicular to each other?
這些直綫相互垂直嗎？

plasticity

33
中文翻譯
n.粘性; 成形性; 柔軟性; <生>可塑性（指生物體對環境的適應性）
英文釋義
the quality or state of being plastic; especially : capacity for being molded or altered
例句 Example
...a wooden crate, sheltered from wetness by sheets of plastic...
用塑料薄膜防潮的木闆箱

hairless

34
中文翻譯
adj.無毛的，禿頭的
英文釋義
a slender threadlike outgrowth of the epidermis of an animal; especially : one of the usually pigmented filaments that form the characteristic coat of a mammal
例句 Example
...a smooth and hairless body.
光滑無毛的身體

node

35
中文翻譯
n.節點; （計算機網絡的）節點; [醫]結節; 植物的節
英文釋義
a pathological swelling or enlargement (as of a rheumatic joint)
例句 Example
a network node
網絡節點

trailing

36
中文翻譯
n.泥漿彩飾adj.拖尾的; 曳尾的; 被拖動的; 蔓延的v.（使某物）被拖在後麵( trail的現在分詞 ); 跟蹤，追蹤; （在比賽等中）輸; （尤指跟在他人後麵）疲憊地走
英文釋義
to hang down so as to drag along or sweep the ground
例句 Example
He left a host of other riders trailing in his slipstream.
他把其他的摩托車手甩在身後。

adventitious

37
中文翻譯
adj.偶然的; 外來的; <生>偶生的; 後天的
英文釋義
coming from another source and not inherent or innate
例句 Example
The adventitious root is triarch, and has the secondary structure.
不定根為三原型, 具次生結構.

erosion

38
中文翻譯
n.腐蝕，侵蝕; 削弱; 減少
英文釋義
the action or process of eroding
例句 Example
As their roots are strong and penetrating, they prevent erosion.
它們的根十分粗壯而且紮得很深，從而避免瞭受侵蝕。

topsoil

39
中文翻譯
n.錶土（層），耕作（層）; 耕層
英文釋義
surface soil usually including the organic layer in which plants have most of their roots and which the farmer turns over in plowing
例句 Example
Topsoil excavated from the work site shall be applied onto the gabions.
從工地挖齣的錶土須用於築堤的石籠上.

absorptive

40
中文翻譯
adj.吸收性的，有吸收力的
英文釋義
the process of absorbing something or of being absorbed
例句 Example
When the tray loses its absorptive capacity, it is removed from the system.
當盤中活性岩喪失吸咐能力時, 便從係統中將盤取齣.

buttress

41
中文翻譯
n.扶壁; 支撐物vt.支持，鼓勵; 用扶壁支撐，加固
英文釋義
a projecting structure of masonry or wood for supporting or giving stability to a wall or building
例句 Example
The sharp increase in crime seems to buttress the argument for more police officers on the street.
犯罪率急劇上升似乎肯定瞭街上增加巡警的論點。

rhizome

42
中文翻譯
n.根莖，根狀莖
英文釋義
a somewhat elongated usually horizontal subterranean plant stem that is often thickened by deposits of reserve food material, produces shoots above and roots below, and is distinguished from a true root in possessing buds, nodes, and usually scalelike leaves
例句 Example
Conclusion: The characteristics can be used to differentiate the rhizome of Begonia sinensis.
結論: 這些特徵可作為中華鞦海棠根莖鑒彆的依據.

intercept

43
中文翻譯
vt.攔截，攔住; 截球; 截擊; 攔阻n.（數學）截距; 截擊，攔截; 截聽; 攔截者
英文釋義
to stop, seize, or interrupt in progress or course or before arrival
例句 Example
Reporters intercepted him as he tried to leave the hotel.
他正要離開旅館，記者們把他攔截住瞭。

dissipate

44
中文翻譯
vt.驅散; 使消散; 浪費，揮霍; 耗盡vi.消散; 放蕩，揮霍
英文釋義
to break up and drive off
例句 Example
Her laughter soon dissipated the tension in the air.
她的笑聲很快消除瞭緊張氣氛。

undivided

45
中文翻譯
adj.未分開的; 全神貫注的; 一心一意的; 得到某人的全心關注
英文釋義
not separated into parts or pieces : existing as a single whole : not divided
例句 Example
an undivided Church
未分立支派的教會

lobed

46
中文翻譯
adj.淺裂的，葉狀的
英文釋義
having lobes
例句 Example
The testes are lobed organs.
精巢為葉狀器官.

privet

47
中文翻譯
n.女貞
英文釋義
a Eurasian deciduous shrub (Ligustrum vulgare) of the olive family with semievergreen leaves and small white flowers that is widely used for hedges; broadly : any of various shrubs of the same genus
例句 Example
a privet hedge
女貞樹籬