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📖 Chapter42 - Biolex 學習卡片

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總詞彙
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gastric

1
中文翻譯
adj.胃的; 胃部的
英文釋義
of or relating to the stomach
例句 Example
a gastric ulcer
胃潰瘍

rectum

2
中文翻譯
n.直腸
英文釋義
the terminal part of the intestine from the sigmoid colon to the anus
例句 Example
The rectum and sigmoid colon are at the bottom extending to the right.
圖下方至右方示直腸、乙狀結腸.

bile

3
中文翻譯
n.膽汁; 憤怒; 壞脾氣
英文釋義
a yellow or greenish alkaline fluid that is secreted by the liver, stored and concentrated in the gallbladder, and passed into the intestinal duodenum where it aids especially in the breakdown and absorption of fats
例句 Example
The critic's review of the play was just a paragraph of bile.
那位批評傢對這部戲劇的評論不過是在發泄怒氣。

chyme

4
中文翻譯
n.半流體的消化物，食糜（食物經胃液消化後變成的漿狀物）
英文釋義
the semifluid mass of partly digested food expelled by the stomach into the duodenum
例句 Example
Chyme pH in crop, proventriculus and gizzard increase gradually with age.
結果錶明, 嗉囊、腺胃和肌胃內食糜pH隨 日齡逐漸增加,而小腸內食糜pH隨 日齡變化不大.

anemia

5
中文翻譯
n.貧血癥; 無活力，無生氣
英文釋義
a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume
例句 Example
The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia.
醫生們分析瞭貧血的血樣.

saliva

6
中文翻譯
n.唾液，口水; 津; 吐沫; 涎
英文釋義
a slightly alkaline secretion of water, mucin, protein, salts, and often a starch-splitting enzyme (such as ptyalin) that is secreted into the mouth by salivary glands, lubricates ingested food, and often begins the breakdown of starches
例句 Example
To let saliva drip from the mouth; drool.
讓唾液從口裏流下; 流口水.

bolus

7
中文翻譯
n.小而圓的物塊，大丸藥
英文釋義
a rounded mass: such as
例句 Example
He gulped it down , holus - bolus.
他把那東西一口吞下.

epiglottis

8
中文翻譯
n.會厭
英文釋義
a thin plate of flexible cartilage in front of the glottis that folds back over and protects the glottis during swallowing
例句 Example
Glottis epiglottis plays the role of the protective cover.
會厭起著聲門的保護蓋作用.

lipase

9
中文翻譯
n.脂肪酶
英文釋義
an enzyme that hydrolyzes glycerides
例句 Example
A . PEPs contain the active ingredient pancrelipase, a mixture of the amylase, lipase, and protease.
胰腺酶製劑的活性組分是胰脂肪酶, 它是含有消化酶 、 脂肪酶和蛋白酶的酶混閤物.

lacteal

10
中文翻譯
adj.乳狀的
英文釋義
relating to, consisting of, producing, or resembling milk
例句 Example
Is lacteal spring proliferous but in order to become cut operation?
乳泉增生可不可以做切割手術?

linoleic

11
中文翻譯
n.亞麻油酸
英文釋義
a liquid unsaturated fatty acid C18H32O2 found especially in semidrying oils (such as corn oil) and essential for the nutrition of some animals
例句 Example
Linoleic acid is the predominant fatty acid in the chloroplast.
亞油酸是葉綠體中主要的脂肪酸.

antioxidant

12
中文翻譯
n.抗氧化劑，硬化防止劑
英文釋義
a substance (such as beta-carotene or vitamin C) that inhibits oxidation or reactions promoted by oxygen, peroxides, or free radicals
例句 Example
Researchers in Denmark reported last year that people who take antioxidant supplements may be harming themselves.
去年丹麥的研究人員報道說補充抗氧化的維生素可能對自身有害.

tingle

13
中文翻譯
vi.感到刺痛; 引起刺痛; （耳朵等）鳴響vt.使…感到刺痛n.刺痛; 激動; 鳴響
英文釋義
to feel a ringing, stinging, prickling, or thrilling sensation
例句 Example
The cold air made her face tingle.
冷空氣凍得她的臉發痛。

numbness

14
中文翻譯
n.無感覺，麻木，驚呆
英文釋義
unable to feel anything in a particular part of your body especially as a result of cold or anesthesia
例句 Example
I have recently been suffering from pain and numbness in my hands.
我近來雙手一直疼痛麻木。

degeneration

15
中文翻譯
n.衰退，墮落; 蛻化
英文釋義
degenerate condition
例句 Example
social/moral degeneration
社會倒退；道德淪喪

malnutrition

16
中文翻譯
n.營養不良
英文釋義
faulty nutrition due to inadequate or unbalanced intake of nutrients or their impaired assimilation or utilization
例句 Example
Infections are more likely in those suffering from malnutrition.
營養不良的人更有可能被傳染。

concentrated

17
中文翻譯
adj.集中的; 全神貫注的; 濃縮的; 汰選齣來的v.集中(concentrate的過去分詞); 聚集，集結; 凝縮，濃縮; [礦]汰選
英文釋義
rich in respect to a particular or essential element : made less dilute or diffuse
例句 Example
He made a concentrated effort to finish the work on time.
他全力以赴以按時完成這項工作。

undernourishment

18
中文翻譯
n.營養不良
英文釋義
supplied with less than the minimum amount of the nutrients or foods essential for sound health and growth : marked by undernutrition
例句 Example
His health collapsed from undernourishment.
他的身體因營養不良而垮瞭.

gizzard

19
中文翻譯
n.（鳥的）砂囊; （鳥的）胃; <俗>喉嚨; （人的）胃
英文釋義
the muscular enlargement of the digestive tract of birds that has usually thick muscular walls and a tough horny lining for grinding the food and when the crop is present follows it and the proventriculus
例句 Example
But that fragment of talk lodged , thick, in his small gizzard.
可是談話的片斷卻深深盤據在他的小頭腦裏麵.

mucus

20
中文翻譯
n.粘液; （動植物的）黏液
英文釋義
a viscid slippery secretion that is usually rich in mucins and is produced by mucous membranes which it moistens and protects
例句 Example
mucous glands
分泌黏液的腺體

amylase

21
中文翻譯
n.澱粉酶
英文釋義
any of a group of enzymes (such as amylopsin) that catalyze the hydrolysis of starch and glycogen or their intermediate hydrolysis products
例句 Example
A . PEPs contain the active ingredient pancrelipase, a mixture of the amylase, lipase, and protease.
胰腺酶製劑的活性組分是胰脂肪酶, 它是含有消化酶 、 脂肪酶和蛋白酶的酶混閤物.

windpipe

22
中文翻譯
n.氣管
英文釋義
trachea
例句 Example
Experiment materials: jar , windpipe, limewater, flume and the experiment record chart for each group.
學生用材料: 廣口瓶 、 導氣管 、 石灰水、火柴、集氣瓶、水槽和小組實驗記錄錶.

larynx

23
中文翻譯
n.喉
英文釋義
the modified upper part of the trachea of air-breathing vertebrates that in humans, most other mammals, and some amphibians and reptiles contains the vocal cords
例句 Example
The cry occurs when air is brought into contact with the baby's larynx.
嬰兒的喉嚨接觸到空氣時，就會哭齣來。

sphincter

24
中文翻譯
n.括約肌
英文釋義
an annular muscle surrounding and able to contract or close a bodily opening
例句 Example
the anal sphincter
肛門括約肌

glottis

25
中文翻譯
n.聲門
英文釋義
the elongated space between the vocal cords; also : the structures that surround this space
例句 Example
Air that is expelled from the lungs passes through the glottis.
空氣從肺部輸齣,首先通過聲門.

churn

26
中文翻譯
vt.攪拌; 製造（奶油等）; 買賣vi.製造（奶油等）; 産生劇烈攪動n.攪乳桶
英文釋義
a container in which cream is stirred or shaken to make butter
例句 Example
The water churned beneath the huge ship.
水在巨輪下麵劇烈翻滾。

hydrochloric

27
中文翻譯
adj.含氫和氯的
英文釋義
an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride HCl that is a strong corrosive irritating acid, is normally present in dilute form in gastric juice, and is widely used in industry and in the laboratory
例句 Example
Gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid to provide an acidic solution for pepsin.
胃液內含有鹽酸給胃蛋白酶提供酸溶液.

parietal

28
中文翻譯
adj.<美>學院生活的; 體壁的; 腔壁的; 頂骨的
英文釋義
of or relating to the walls of a part or cavity
例句 Example
The parietal cells concentrate hydrogenions more than one million times.
壁細胞濃縮氫離子100萬倍以上.

chymotrypsin

29
中文翻譯
n.胰凝乳蛋白酶，糜蛋白酶
英文釋義
a protease that hydrolyzes peptide bonds and is formed in the intestine from chymotrypsinogen
例句 Example
Methods: 23 patients of lacrimal duct obstruction underwent ECI and washing with MMC and Chymotrypsin.
方法: 對23例淚道阻塞患者給以硬膜外導管插管加絲裂黴素C及糜蛋白酶衝洗治療.

hepatic

30
中文翻譯
adj.肝髒的，治肝病的，肝髒色的
英文釋義
of, relating to, affecting, associated with, supplying, or draining the liver
例句 Example
Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis of hepatic monotypic epithelioid angiomyolipoma ( MEA ) .
目的:研究 促 結締組織增生性成釉細胞瘤的臨床病理特點.

dentition

31
中文翻譯
n.齒係 （齒列、牙列等）; 牙齒的加工; 齣牙; 長牙
英文釋義
the development and cutting of teeth
例句 Example
Conclusions The mandible dorsal displacement should be corrected in time in mixed dentition.
結論下頜後退在替牙期就應及時被糾正.

carnivore

32
中文翻譯
n.食肉動物，食蟲植物
英文釋義
an animal (such as a dog, fox, crocodile, or shark) that feeds primarily or exclusively on animal matter : a carnivorous animal
例句 Example
a carnivorous diet
多肉的飲食

obesity

33
中文翻譯
n.肥胖，過胖; 肥胖癥
英文釋義
a condition characterized by the excessive accumulation and storage of fat in the body
例句 Example
The tendency to become obese is at least in part hereditary...
發胖至少有一部分是源於遺傳。

varied

34
中文翻譯
adj.各種各樣的; 各不相同的; 形形色色的; 多變的v.變化( vary的過去式和過去分詞)
英文釋義
various, diverse
例句 Example
varied opinions
各種不同的意見

thiamine

35
中文翻譯
n.硫胺（維生素B1）; 維生素B1
英文釋義
a vitamin C12H17N4OSCl of the vitamin B complex that is essential to normal metabolism and nerve function and is widespread in plants and animals —called also vitamin B1
例句 Example
Retinol, riboflaine, thiamine, calcium, iron wear 527.3? μ mRE, 0.8? mg , 1?
視黃醇 、 核黃素和硫胺素分彆為 527.3 μgRE 、 0.8 mg 和1 mg, 分彆達30.4%, 59.1%和78.1%.

riboflavin

36
中文翻譯
n.核黃素; 維生素B2
英文釋義
a yellow crystalline compound C17H20N4O6 of the vitamin B complex that occurs both free (as in milk) and combined (as in liver) as a component of coenzymes (such as FMN) which are essential to normal metabolism —called also vitamin B2
例句 Example
Beet greens are a source of riboflavin, iron, and vitamins A and C.
甜菜葉是核黃素 、 鐵以及維生素A和C的來源.

niacin

37
中文翻譯
n.[生化]煙酸; 尼剋酸
英文釋義
an acid C6H5NO2 of the vitamin B complex found widely in animals and plants and used especially against pellagra; also : nicotinamide —called also nicotinic acid
例句 Example
House: The carrots turn you yellow, the niacin turns you red.
豪斯: 鬍蘿蔔讓你變黃, 煙堿酸把你變紅.

pyridoxine

38
中文翻譯
n.維生素B6
英文釋義
a crystalline phenolic alcohol C8H11NO3 of the vitamin B6 group found especially in cereals and convertible in the organism into pyridoxal and pyridoxamine
例句 Example
Evidence from case histories suggests that pyridoxine levels could be increased.
過去的記載提齣吡哆醇的水平可以提高.

biotin

39
中文翻譯
n.生物素，維生素; 維生素H
英文釋義
a colorless crystalline growth vitamin C10H16N2O3S of the vitamin B complex found especially in yeast, liver, and egg yolk
例句 Example
The PNA molecules can routinely be labeled with biotin or various fluorophores.
PNA分子可被生物素和各種熒光團常規標記.

ascorbic

40
中文翻譯
adj.維生素C的
英文釋義
vitamin c
例句 Example
Other Ingredients : Ascorbic Acid , Quercetin, Gelatin, Vegetable Magnesium Stearate, Titanium Dioxide Color.
抗壞血酸, 槲皮素, 凝膠, 植物硬脂酸鎂, 二氧化鈦色素.

retinol

41
中文翻譯
n.鬆香油，維生素A,視黃醇
英文釋義
the chief and typical vitamin A C20H29OH that is a highly unsaturated alicyclic alcohol used in various forms in medicine and nutrition
例句 Example
The toxic level of retinol is about 500 times the minimum requirement.
視黃醇的中毒水平為最低需要量的500倍.

tocopherol

42
中文翻譯
n.生育酚，維生素E
英文釋義
any of several fat-soluble oily phenolic compounds with varying degrees of antioxidant vitamin E activity; especially : alpha-tocopherol
例句 Example
Tocopherol esters are of a great variety and have various pharmaceutical functions.
生育酚酯種類很多,藥理功能不盡相同.

citrus

43
中文翻譯
n.[植]柑橘屬果樹; 檸檬，柑橘
英文釋義
any of a group of often thorny trees and shrubs (Citrus and related genera) of the rue family grown in warm regions for their edible fruit (such as the orange or lemon) with firm usually thick rind and pulpy flesh; also : the fruit
例句 Example
citrus fruit/trees/growers
柑橘果實 / 果樹 / 種植者

broccoli

44
中文翻譯
n.花椰菜; 西蘭花
英文釋義
a large hardy cauliflower
例句 Example
Divide the broccoli into florets and wash them thoroughly.
把花椰菜掰成一塊塊小花,然後仔細地把它們洗乾淨.

beriberi

45
中文翻譯
n.腳氣病
英文釋義
a deficiency disease marked by inflammatory or degenerative changes of the nerves, digestive system, and heart and caused by a lack of or inability to assimilate thiamine
例句 Example
A, such as scurvy, beriberi, or, caused by deficiency of one or more essential vitamins.
一種存在於新鮮水果(尤其是柑桔類水果)和蔬菜中的維生素;防止壞血病.

gastrointestinal

46
中文翻譯
adj.胃與腸的
英文釋義
of, relating to, affecting, or including both stomach and intestine
例句 Example
The entire gastrointestinal canal presents certain common structural characteristics.
整個胃腸道具有某些共同的結構特點.

irritability

47
中文翻譯
n.易怒; 過敏性; 興奮性; 感應性
英文釋義
the quality or state of being irritable: such as
例句 Example
It was the almost furtive restlessness and irritability that had possessed him.
那是一種一直糾纏著他的隱秘的不安和煩惱.

scaly

48
中文翻譯
adj.（動物）多鱗的; （皮膚）乾燥粗糙的; 鱗片狀
英文釋義
covered with, composed of, or rich in scale or scales
例句 Example
The brown rat has prominent ears and a long scaly tail.
那隻棕鼠兩隻耳朵嚮前支著，一條長尾巴布滿鱗片。

malformation

49
中文翻譯
n.難看，畸形
英文釋義
irregular, anomalous, abnormal, or faulty formation or structure
例句 Example
Some foetal malformations cannot be diagnosed until late in pregnancy.
有些胎兒的畸形部位得等到妊娠後期纔能診斷齣來。