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📖 Chapter50 - Biolex 學習卡片

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總詞彙
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twitch

1
中文翻譯
vt.& vi.（使）抽動，（使）顫動; 猛拉; （使）發生劇痛n.痙攣，抽筋; 猛拉，猛抽; 馬勒
英文釋義
to move jerkily : quiver
例句 Example
Her lips twitched with amusement.
她忍俊不禁地顫動著嘴唇。

retinal

2
中文翻譯
adj.視網膜的
英文釋義
of, relating to, involving, or being a retina
例句 Example
Retinal hemorrhage, and blurring of the optic dise cause visual disturbances.
視網膜齣血及神經盤模糊等可導緻視力障礙.

sarcomere

3
中文翻譯
n.肌（原縴維）節，肌小節
英文釋義
any of the repeating, contractile, structural subunits of striated muscle cells (as of skeletal or cardiac muscle) that are composed of the protein filaments actin and myosin
例句 Example
Instead, sarcomere shortening occurs when the thin filaments'slide " by the thick filaments.
此外, 肌節的縮短發生於細肌絲沿粗肌絲“滑行 ” 之際.

tympanic

4
中文翻譯
adj.鼓皮似的，鼓膜的，鼓室的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or being a tympanum
例句 Example
The tympanic membrane is bulging.
鼓膜隆起.

basilar

5
中文翻譯
adj.（尤指顱骨）基部的，底部的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or situated at the base
例句 Example
Method: The models were made by coagulated basilar artery at two points.
方法: 應用兩點電凝基底動脈的方法製作鼠腦乾缺血動物模型.

glycolytic

6
中文翻譯
adj.糖分解的
英文釋義
the enzymatic breakdown of a carbohydrate (such as glucose) by way of phosphate derivatives with the production of pyruvic or lactic acid and energy stored in high-energy phosphate bonds of ATP
例句 Example
Warburg effect is that cancer cells exhibit an increased dependence on glycolytic pathway for ATP generation.
“瓦博格效應”即指腫瘤細胞對糖酵解通路産能依賴增強的現象.

bipolar

7
中文翻譯
adj.有兩極的，雙極的，兩極世界的
英文釋義
having or marked by two mutually repellent forces or diametrically opposed natures or views
例句 Example
In the 1960 s the IC market was broadly on bipolar transistors.
六十年代集成電路市場主要為雙極型晶體管.

rhodopsin

8
中文翻譯
n.視紫質，視網膜紫質
英文釋義
a red photosensitive pigment in the retinal rods of the eye of most vertebrates that is important in vision in dim light —called also visual purple
例句 Example
He has also found numerous genes for versions of rhodopsin.
他還發現瞭多種視網膜紫質的大量基因.

auditory

9
中文翻譯
adj.聽覺的，聽覺器官的
英文釋義
audience
例句 Example
...the limits of the human auditory range.
人耳聽覺範圍的限度

choroid

10
中文翻譯
n.& adj.脈絡膜（的）
英文釋義
a vascular membrane containing large branched pigmented cells that lies between the retina and the sclera of the vertebrate eye —called also choroid coat
例句 Example
The choroid coat carries many blood vessels to supply the retina.
脈絡膜通過許多血管為視網膜供應血液.

sarcoplasmic

11
中文翻譯
[醫] 肌質的，肌漿的
英文釋義
the cytoplasm of a striated muscle fiber
例句 Example
The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a system of intracellular membranes.
肌漿網屬於細胞內膜係統.

semicircular

12
中文翻譯
adj.半圓的
英文釋義
a half of a circle
例句 Example
It is usually a semicircular wheaten food with stuffing.
它通常是有餡的半圓形的麥製食品.

photoreceptor

13
中文翻譯
n.光感受器，感光器
英文釋義
a receptor for light stimuli
例句 Example
PURPOSE: To examine the role of apoptosis in photoreceptor cells degeneration process in Pathologic myopia.
目的: 瞭解凋亡在病理性近視視網膜感光細胞變性中所起的作用.

myoglobin

14
中文翻譯
n.肌球素，肌血球素
英文釋義
a red iron-containing protein pigment in muscles that is similar to hemoglobin
例句 Example
Myoglobin is a red, oxygen - binding protein found in muscles.
肌紅蛋白是存在於肌肉中的紅色的隨氧蛋白.

capsaicin

15
中文翻譯
n.辣椒素，辣椒苦
英文釋義
a colorless irritant phenolic amide C18H27NO3 found in various capsicums that gives hot peppers their hotness and that is used in topical creams for its analgesic properties
例句 Example
Ironically, in some instances, purposely stimulating capsaicin receptors can alleviate pain.
在某些情況, 刻意刺激辣椒素受體,反而可以消除疼痛.

stapes

16
中文翻譯
n.鐙骨
英文釋義
the innermost ossicle of the middle ear of mammals —called also stirrup
例句 Example
The fixation of the stapes may progress rapidly during pregnancy.
在懷孕期鐙骨固定可能迅速發展.

cochlear

17
中文翻譯
adj.耳蝸的; 匙形
英文釋義
a hollow tube in the inner ear of higher vertebrates that is usually coiled like a snail shell and contains the sensory organ of hearing
例句 Example
Objective To explore the problems related to cochlear implantation.
探討人工耳蝸植入術的有關問題.

cochlea

18
中文翻譯
n.耳蝸
英文釋義
a hollow tube in the inner ear of higher vertebrates that is usually coiled like a snail shell and contains the sensory organ of hearing
例句 Example
Then, whether mammalia animal cochlea hair cells possess regenerative ability after being destroyed is disputed.
那麼, 哺乳類動物耳蝸毛細胞破壞後是否具有再生能力?

suspensory

19
中文翻譯
adj.支持的，懸吊的，暫時中止的n.懸吊式，懸帶
英文釋義
held in suspension; also : fitted or serving to suspend
例句 Example
Objective To study the clinical effect of suspensory intraocular lens implantation for aphakia eye after vitrectomy.
目的探討眼外傷玻璃體切除術後無晶狀體眼二期懸吊式人工晶狀體植入的臨床效果.

myofibril

20
中文翻譯
n.肌原縴維
英文釋義
any of the longitudinal parallel contractile elements of a muscle cell that are composed of myosin and actin
例句 Example
Fig . 9 Myocardium cell of Procambarus clark ii . Showing striation of myofibril.
圖9螯蝦心肌細胞示肌原縴維的橫紋.

relaxed

21
中文翻譯
adj.（人）輕鬆的; 自在的; 無拘無束的; 舒適的adv.輕鬆地; 自在地; 舒適地; 隨便地vt.（使）輕鬆( relax的過去式); （使）鬆弛; 放寬; （使）放鬆vi.鬆散; 鬆弛; 放寬; 放鬆
英文釋義
freed from or lacking in precision or stringency
例句 Example
He appeared relaxed and confident before the match.
比賽前，他顯得鎮定而自信。

noxious

22
中文翻譯
adj.有害的，有毒的
英文釋義
physically harmful or destructive to living beings
例句 Example
noxious fumes
有毒煙霧

chemoreceptor

23
中文翻譯
n.化學感應器
英文釋義
a sense organ (such as a taste bud) responding to chemical stimuli
例句 Example
Chemoreceptor An organ or structure that responds to a particular chemical stimulant.
化學受體:能對特定的化學刺激物做齣反應的器官或結構.

saccule

24
中文翻譯
n.小囊（內耳迷路中的球囊）; 球囊
英文釋義
a little sac; specifically : the smaller chamber of the membranous labyrinth of the ear
例句 Example
Objective To observe the success rate of urethral catheterization by telescopic saccule urinary catheter.
目的觀察套管式球囊導尿管置管的成功率.

iris

25
中文翻譯
n.虹膜; 鳶尾屬植物
英文釋義
the opaque contractile diaphragm perforated by the pupil and forming the colored portion of the eye
例句 Example
Then one day Iris gripped the arms of her chair and sat up straight.
有一天,艾瑞斯突然握緊椅子的扶手,坐直瞭身子.

vitreous

26
中文翻譯
adj.玻璃（似）的，玻璃質的
英文釋義
resembling glass (as in color, composition, brittleness, or luster) : glassy
例句 Example
Results: The display of vitreous hemorrhage was classified into two typical sonography.
結果: 患眼玻璃體內錶現可歸納成兩種典型的超聲特點.

receptive

27
中文翻譯
adj.善於接受的; 能容納的; 有接受力的; 感受的，感官的
英文釋義
able or inclined to receive; especially : open and responsive to ideas, impressions, or suggestions
例句 Example
She began to find a receptive audience for her work.
她開始為作品尋找知音。

geniculate

28
中文翻譯
adj.膝狀彎麯的
英文釋義
bent abruptly at an angle like a bent knee
例句 Example
Objective To analyse the microvascular morphology and architecture of lateral geniculate body ( LGB ) .
目的分析幼兒外側膝狀體 微血管 的形態結構.

fovea

29
中文翻譯
n.凹，小凹（尤指視網膜的中央凹）
英文釋義
a small fossa
例句 Example
The fovea is the area of maximum visual resolution ( but NOT maximum sensitivity ).
黃斑是具有最大視覺清晰度 ( 但不是最大靈敏度 ) 的區域.

ciliary

30
中文翻譯
adj.睫毛的，縴毛的，毛狀的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or being the annular suspension of the lens of the eye
例句 Example
The iris is fixed to the ciliary body.
虹膜固定在睫狀體上.

papillae

31
中文翻譯
n.乳頭( papilla的名詞復數 ); 小乳頭狀突起; 丘疹; 小膿包
英文釋義
a small projecting body part similar to a nipple in form:
例句 Example
In control group, the papillae appeared shrunken chink , and the clinical recurrence rate was 22.5 % ( P < 0.05 ).
大口切開組癥狀復發者為5%,中小切開組為225% ( P<0.05 ).

longitudinally

32
中文翻譯
adv.縱嚮地
英文釋義
placed or running lengthwise
例句 Example
Each of four chromosomes divide longitudinally.
四種染色體的每一種都沿著縱嚮分裂.

recruitment

33
中文翻譯
n.招募; 招聘
英文釋義
the action or process of recruiting
例句 Example
...the examination system for the recruitment of civil servants.
招募公務員的考試體製

tetanus

34
中文翻譯
n.破傷風
英文釋義
an acute infectious bacterial disease characterized by tonic spasm of voluntary muscles especially of the jaw and caused by an exotoxin of a clostridium (Clostridium tetani) which is usually introduced through a wound
例句 Example
Sent to hospital after he injected with a needle tetanus, in the hospital before noon.
送院後他注射瞭破傷風針, 在中午前齣院.

tibia

35
中文翻譯
n.<解>脛骨; <昆>脛節
英文釋義
the inner and usually larger of the two bones of the vertebrate hind or lower limb between the knee and ankle
例句 Example
Methods: Distal tibia osteotomy lengthening and epiphysis distraction lengthening operation.
方法: 脛骨遠端骨骺牽伸延長術、脛骨下端截骨延長術.

extensor

36
中文翻譯
n.伸肌
英文釋義
a muscle serving to extend a bodily part (such as a limb)
例句 Example
One additional patient had a boutonniere deformity and underwent extensor tendon reconstruction combined with mass excision.
另外1例患者因有紐孔畸形進行瞭腫塊切除並伸肌腱重建術.

ulna

37
中文翻譯
n.尺骨
英文釋義
the bone on the little-finger side of the human forearm; also : a corresponding part of the forelimb of vertebrates above fishes
例句 Example
Objective To explore the treatment of both ulna and radius fracture.
目的治療尺橈骨乾雙骨摺.

pivot

38
中文翻譯
n.樞軸; 中心點，中樞; [物]支點，支樞; [體]迴轉運動vi.在樞軸上轉動; 隨…轉移vt.把…放在樞軸上; 以…為核心; 使繞樞軸鏇轉; 由…而定
英文釋義
a shaft or pin on which something turns
例句 Example
West Africa was the pivot of the cocoa trade.
西非是可可豆貿易的中心。

humerus

39
中文翻譯
n.肱上膊，肱部
英文釋義
the long bone of the upper arm or forelimb extending from the shoulder to the elbow
例句 Example
The humerus is the long bone of the arm.
肱骨是上臂的長骨.

transmitter

40
中文翻譯
n.傳送者; 傳達者; 發射機; 發報機
英文釋義
one that transmits: such as
例句 Example
Emphasis was placed on the school as a transmitter of moral values.
人們強調學校為道德價值觀的傳輸者。

produced

41
中文翻譯
adj.（葉子等）畸形伸長的，引長的v.生産( produce的過去式和過去分詞 ); 産生; 製作; 創作
英文釋義
to offer to view or notice
例句 Example
She produced the knife during arguments with her friends.
在和朋友爭吵的時候，她掏齣瞭刀。

responsiveness

42
中文翻譯
響應性，易起反應
英文釋義
giving response : constituting a response : answering
例句 Example
Such responsiveness to public pressure is extraordinary.
對公眾壓力如此快速積極的反應是非凡的。

deformation

43
中文翻譯
n.變形; [語]詞的變形; [地]金屬等（在壓力作用下）變形; 形態損傷，形狀損毀
英文釋義
alteration of form or shape; also : the product of such alteration
例句 Example
a deformation of the spine
脊柱的畸變

hypodermis

44
中文翻譯
n.下皮，真皮
英文釋義
the tissue immediately beneath the epidermis of a plant especially when modified to serve as a supporting and protecting layer
例句 Example
With the elasticity of dermis and hypodermis increased, the wrinkle will be weaken.
要減少皺紋,就要提高真皮及皮下組織的彈性.