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📖 Chapter12

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transposon

1
中文翻譯
n.轉位子
英文釋義
a transposable element especially when it contains genetic material controlling functions other than those related to its relocation
例句 Example
So we started doing transposon mutagenesis.
於是我們開始做轉座子的突變發生.

element

2
中文翻譯
n.要素，組成部分; 一群人; 些許; 〈化〉元素; 電熱元件; 風雨
英文釋義
any of the four substances air, water, fire, and earth formerly believed to compose the physical universe
例句 Example
She's really in her element at parties.
她在社交聚會上真是如魚得水。

transposition

3
中文翻譯
n.調換，變換，移項; 轉位; 扭絞; 換位
英文釋義
an act, process, or instance of transposing or being transposed
例句 Example
His pen name represented the transposition of his initials and his middle name.
他的筆名是他姓名首字母與中名順序的顛倒。

sequence

4
中文翻譯
n.[數]數列，序列; 順序; 連續; 片斷插麯vt.使按順序排列，安排順序; [生化]確定…的順序，確定…的化學結構序列
英文釋義
a hymn in irregular meter between the gradual and Gospel in masses for special occasions (such as Easter)
例句 Example
He described the sequence of events leading up to the robbery.
他描述瞭搶劫案發生前的一係列有關情況。

gene

5
中文翻譯
n.基因
英文釋義
a specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is located usually on a chromosome and that is the functional unit of inheritance controlling the transmission and expression of one or more traits by specifying the structure of a particular polypeptide and especially a protein or controlling the function of other genetic material
例句 Example
a dominant/recessive gene
顯性 / 隱性基因

strand

6
中文翻譯
n.（繩子的）股，絞; 海濱，河岸; （思想等的）一個組成部分vt.使滯留，使擱淺; 使陷於睏境vi.擱淺; 陷入睏境
英文釋義
the land bordering a body of water : shore, beach
例句 Example
a strand of wool
一股羊毛

encode

7
中文翻譯
vt.（將文字材料）譯成密碼; 編碼，編製成計算機語言
英文釋義
to convert (something, such as a body of information) from one system of communication into another; especially : to convert (a message) into code
例句 Example
The two parties encode confidential data in a form that is not directly readable by the other party...
雙方將機密資料加密，這樣對方就無法直接讀取資料。

tyr

8
中文翻譯
（北歐神話）戰神蒂爾
英文釋義
a god of war in Norse mythology
例句 Example
Pro , Tyr, His , Arg in diploid type could not be determined.
此外,二倍體還未測齣脯氨酸(Pro) 、 酪氨酸(Tyr)及精氨酸(Arg).

segment

9
中文翻譯
n.部分，段落; 環節; [計算機]（字符等的）分段; [動物學]節片v.分割；劃分
英文釋義
a portion cut off from a geometric figure by one or more points, lines, or planes: such as
例句 Example
She cleaned a small segment of the painting.
她擦乾淨瞭這幅畫的一小部分。

repeat

10
中文翻譯
v.重復; 復述; 反復說; 重復做; 重復發生; 留有餘味n.再次發生; 重播; 重復部分adj.迴頭客的
英文釋義
to say or state again
例句 Example
to repeat a question
重復一遍問題

subunit

11
中文翻譯
n.子[分，亞]組
英文釋義
a unit that is part of a larger unit : a subdivision of a unit
例句 Example
The 50 S ribosomal subunit: a view of peptide bond formation using RNA.
50S核糖體亞基: 利用RNA閤成肽鍵的觀點.

hin

12
中文翻譯
n.赫因（古代希伯來人的液量單位，約相當於1又1/2加侖）
英文釋義
an ancient Hebrew unit of liquid measure equal to about 1.5 U.S. gallons (5.7 liters)
例句 Example
Very affectionate friendship exists between hin and them.
都是他的好友.

transposable

13
中文翻譯
adj.可換位的，有換位可能的
英文釋義
to change the relative place or normal order of : alter the sequence of
例句 Example
In particular they tracked the positions of transposable elements.
詳細來說,他們追蹤瞭轉座子的位置.

inversion

14
中文翻譯
n.倒置; （尤指詞序）倒裝; 轉化; （染色體的）倒位
英文釋義
a reversal of position, order, form, or relationship: such as
例句 Example
the inversion of normal word order
正常詞序的倒裝

rearrangement

15
中文翻譯
n.重新整理
英文釋義
the act of rearranging something or someone or the state of being rearranged
例句 Example
In the polymerization systems studied, segmental rearrangement is the important rate - determining phenomenon.
在已研究過的聚閤體係中鏈段重排是重要的速度決定步驟.

lint

16
中文翻譯
n.（保護傷口的）軟麻布; 棉絨; 棉縴維; 絨布
英文釋義
a soft fleecy material made from linen usually by scraping
例句 Example
Use dry , sterile gauze or lint dressing and then apply a bandage to cover the area.
用乾, 已消毒的紗布或軟麻布,及綳帶輕蓋傷口.

transpose

17
中文翻譯
vt.<數>移項; 使變位; <音>使變調; 變換順序vi.進行變換
英文釋義
to change the relative place or normal order of : alter the sequence of
例句 Example
She could play any piece of music she heard and transpose it into any key.
她能把聽過的任何樂麯變以任何調演奏齣來。

trans

18
中文翻譯
反式
英文釋義
transgender
例句 Example
foods that are low in trans fats
反式脂肪含量低的食物

invert

19
中文翻譯
vt.使…前後倒置; 使反轉
英文釋義
to reverse in position, order, or relationship
例句 Example
If you invert " I can " , you have " can I ".
如果你把Ican兩詞前後顛倒一下,就成瞭 can I.

flank

20
中文翻譯
n.側麵; 側翼; 脅腹v.兩側（或一側）有; 在…側麵
英文釋義
the fleshy part of the side between the ribs and the hip; broadly : the side of a quadruped
例句 Example
She left the courtroom flanked by armed guards.
她在武裝警衛護送下離開法庭。

genome

21
中文翻譯
n.基因組，染色體組
英文釋義
one haploid set of chromosomes with the genes they contain; broadly : the genetic material of an organism
例句 Example
the human genome
人體基因組

cleave

22
中文翻譯
v.劈開; 緊貼; 迅速穿過; 信守
英文釋義
to adhere firmly and closely or loyally and unwaveringly
例句 Example
a ship cleaving through the water
破浪前進的船

cod

23
中文翻譯
n.鱈魚; 鱈魚肉; 袋，包; 陰囊adj.假的；僞的；不真實的
英文釋義
any of various bottom-dwelling fishes (family Gadidae, the cod family) that usually occur in cold marine waters and often have barbels and three dorsal fins: such as
例句 Example
fishing for cod
捕鱈魚

recognize

24
中文翻譯
vt.認齣; 識彆; 承認vi.承認，確認; [法律]具結，立保證書
英文釋義
to acknowledge formally: such as
例句 Example
I recognized him as soon as he came in the room.
他一進屋我就認齣瞭他。

describe

25
中文翻譯
v.描述; 把…稱為; 做…運動; 形成…形狀; 認為; 描畫
英文釋義
to represent or give an account of in words
例句 Example
Can you describe him to me?
你能嚮我描述一下他的樣子嗎？

generate

26
中文翻譯
vt.形成，造成; 産生物理反應; 産生（後代）; 引起
英文釋義
to bring into existence: such as
例句 Example
The proposal has generated a lot of interest.
這項建議引起眾多的關注。

excise

27
中文翻譯
n.國內貨物稅，消費稅v.切除，刪除，消除
英文釋義
an internal tax levied on the manufacture, sale, or consumption of a commodity
例句 Example
new excise duties on low-alcohol drinks
低酒精飲料新的消費稅

bind

28
中文翻譯
v.使緊密聯係，結閤; 約束; 捆綁; 裝訂n.窘境; 令人不快的事物
英文釋義
to make secure by tying
例句 Example
Add an egg yolk to make the mixture bind.
加個蛋黃使混閤料凝結在一起。

mariner

29
中文翻譯
n.海員，水手
英文釋義
a person who navigates or assists in navigating a ship : seaman, sailor
例句 Example
Mariner Nine was the first space vehicle to orbit another planet.
‘水手九號’是繞另一個行星軌道飛行的第一颱太空飛行器.

catalyze

30
中文翻譯
vt.催化，促進
英文釋義
to bring about the catalysis of (a chemical reaction)
例句 Example
Any unexpected circumstance that arises may catalyze a sudden escalation of violence.
任何突如其來的情況都可能造成暴力驟然升級。

promotes

31
中文翻譯
v.<正>促進( promote的第三人稱單數 ); 提升; 推銷; 使 （學生）升級
英文釋義
to advance in station, rank, or honor : raise
例句 Example
The evidence that such investment promotes growth is strong.
有充分的證據錶明這種投資能夠促進增長。

regulate

32
中文翻譯
v.控製; 調節; 管理
英文釋義
to govern or direct according to rule
例句 Example
The activities of credit companies are regulated by law.
信貸公司的業務受法律的製約。

retrovirus

33
中文翻譯
n.逆轉錄酶病毒（一種緻腫瘤病毒）
英文釋義
any of a family (Retroviridae) of single-stranded RNA viruses that produce reverse transcriptase by means of which DNA is produced using their RNA as a template and incorporated into the genome of infected cells, that are often tumorigenic, and that include the lentiviruses (such as the HIVs) and the causative agent of Rous sarcoma
例句 Example
And you think our retrovirus can do all that?
你認為我們的逆轉錄酶病毒可以辦到?

immunity

34
中文翻譯
n.免除，豁免; 免疫力
英文釋義
the quality or state of being immune; especially : a condition of being able to resist a particular disease especially through preventing development of a pathogenic microorganism or by counteracting the effects of its products
例句 Example
Officials of all member states receive certain privileges and immunities.
各成員國的官員均享有某些特權和豁免權。

vertebrate

35
中文翻譯
n.脊椎動物adj.有脊椎的，脊椎動物的
英文釋義
any of a subphylum (Vertebrata) of chordates that comprises animals (such as mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes) typically having a bony or cartilaginous spinal column which replaces the notochord, a distinct head containing a brain which arises as an enlarged part of the nerve cord, and an internal usually bony skeleton and that includes some primitive forms (such as lampreys) in which the spinal column is absent and the notochord persists throughout life
例句 Example
Both groups share two attributes normally associated with vertebrates.
兩組都具有通常脊椎動物纔具備的兩個特徵。

inverted

36
中文翻譯
adj.反嚮的，倒轉的v.使倒置，使反轉( invert的過去式和過去分詞 )
英文釋義
to reverse in position, order, or relationship
例句 Example
They're asked to make objective, in inverted commas, evaluations of these statements.
他們被要求對這些陳述作所謂“客觀”的評價。

adapt

37
中文翻譯
v.（使）適應/適閤; 改編; 改造
英文釋義
to make fit (as for a new use) often by modification
例句 Example
These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.
這些式樣可以修改，以適應個人不同愛好。

maize

38
中文翻譯
n.玉米; 玉米色adj. .玉米色的
英文釋義
a tall annual cereal grass (Zea mays) originally domesticated in Mexico and widely grown for its large elongated ears of starchy seeds : corn
例句 Example
...vast fields of maize.
廣袤的玉米地

splice

39
中文翻譯
vt.絞接; 撚接（兩段繩子）; 膠接; 粘接（膠片、磁帶等）n.膠接處，粘接處，鉸接處
英文釋義
to unite (two ropes or two parts of a rope) by interweaving the strands
例句 Example
He taught me to edit and splice film...
他教我剪輯和粘接膠片。

rejoin

40
中文翻譯
vt.重新加入; 重返; 再迴答; 與…再會閤vi.重新會閤; 重新接閤; 答辯，迴答
英文釋義
to answer the replication of the plaintiff
例句 Example
to rejoin a club
重新加入俱樂部

promote

41
中文翻譯
v.促進; 促銷; 晉升; 使…升級
英文釋義
to advance in station, rank, or honor : raise
例句 Example
policies to promote economic growth
促進經濟增長的政策

xi

42
中文翻譯
n.希臘字母的第14個字母
英文釋義
the 14th letter of the Greek alphabet
例句 Example
She played Xi'er in The White - Haired Girl.
她在《白毛女》裏飾喜兒.

fis

43
中文翻譯
abbr.fiscal 國庫的; family income supplement 傢庭收入補充; foam in salvage 海上救助泡沫橡皮; foreign instrumentation signals 外部檢測儀錶信號
英文釋義
high fidelity
例句 Example
Revenue from brown goods, including televisions and hi-fis, rose nearly 12 per cent.
包括電視機和高保真音響在內的黑色傢電的銷售收入增加瞭將近12%。

mechanisms

44
中文翻譯
n.機械( mechanism的名詞復數 ); 機械裝置; [生物學] 機製; 機械作用
英文釋義
a piece of machinery
例句 Example
UK employment law embodies arbitration and conciliation mechanisms for settling industrial disputes.
英國雇傭法包括解決勞資糾紛的仲裁和調解機製。

duplication

45
中文翻譯
n.（不必要的）重復
英文釋義
the act or process of duplicating
例句 Example
...unnecessary duplication of resources.
不必要的資源重復

organize

46
中文翻譯
v.組織; 安排; 規劃; 建立組織
英文釋義
to form into a coherent unity or functioning whole : integrate
例句 Example
to organize a meeting/party/trip
組織籌備會議 / 聚會 / 旅行

monomer

47
中文翻譯
n.單體
英文釋義
a chemical compound that can undergo polymerization
例句 Example
A hardening agent mixed with the monomer will induce polymerization.
固化劑與這種單體混閤將引起聚閤反應.

mechanism

48
中文翻譯
n.[生]機製，機能，[樂]機理; （機械）結構，機械裝置[作用]，（故事的）結構; [藝]手法，技巧，途徑; 機械作用
英文釋義
a piece of machinery
例句 Example
a delicate watch mechanism
精緻的手錶機件

sine

49
中文翻譯
n.正弦
英文釋義
the trigonometric function that for an acute angle is the ratio between the leg opposite the angle when it is considered part of a right triangle and the hypotenuse
例句 Example
There are many differences between A & D's Sine wave Vibro Viscometer and the common rotational type viscometer.
正弦波振動式粘度計與鏇轉式粘度計有許多不同的方麵.

mutation

50
中文翻譯
n.變化; 轉變; 突變; 變異
英文釋義
a significant and basic alteration : change
例句 Example
cells affected by mutation
受到突變影響的細胞

nonautonomous

51
中文翻譯
非自治
英文釋義
not autonomous: such as
例句 Example
In a nonautonomous system, f is explicitly a function of t.
在非自主的係統中, f是t的顯函數.

dde

52
中文翻譯
abbr.direct data entry 直接數據存取; dual-displacement engine 雙置換引擎; dynamic data exchange 動態數據交換
英文釋義
a persistent organochlorine C15H8Cl4 that is produced by the metabolic breakdown of DDT
例句 Example
Many microorganisms possess the ability to dehydrohalogenate DDT to DDE.
許多微生物使滴滴涕脫鹵化氫變為滴滴依.

antisense

53
中文翻譯
adj.反義的
英文釋義
having a sequence complementary to a segment of genetic material; specifically : of, being, relating to, or possessing a sequence of DNA or RNA that is complementary to and pairs with a specific messenger RNA blocking it from being translated into protein and serving to inhibit gene function
例句 Example
Liver - targeted gene delivery was often seen in antisense drugs.
基因肝靶嚮遞送多見於反義藥物.

synaptic

54
中文翻譯
突觸的; 與突觸有關的; （染色體）接閤的
英文釋義
of or relating to a synapsis
例句 Example
An influence on a post - synaptic neuron which reduces the probability that the neuron emit a spike.
施加在突觸後神經元上的、使其減少發齣衝動的一種影響.

discuss

55
中文翻譯
v.討論，商量; 闡述
英文釋義
to talk about
例句 Example
Have you discussed the problem with anyone?
你與誰商量過這個問題嗎？

introduces

56
中文翻譯
v.提齣( introduce的第三人稱單數 ); 介紹; 引進; 作為…的開頭
英文釋義
to lead to or make known by a formal act, announcement, or recommendation: such as
例句 Example
Learning a musical instrument introduces a child to an understanding of music.
學一門樂器能引導孩子瞭解音樂。

conserve

57
中文翻譯
v.保護，保存; 節約n.果醬，蜜餞
英文釋義
to keep in a safe or sound state; especially : to avoid wasteful or destructive use of
例句 Example
new laws to conserve wildlife in the area
保護該地區野生動物的新法令

express

58
中文翻譯
v.錶達，錶示; 不言自明; 擠齣; 快遞adj.明確的; 特快的; 用快遞寄送的adv.用快遞寄齣某物n.特快列車; 長途汽車; 快遞服務
英文釋義
to represent in words : state
例句 Example
As soon as I receive payment I will express the book to you.
我一收到款就把書用快遞給你寄去。

architectural

59
中文翻譯
adj.建築學的; 建築上的; 有關建築的; 符閤建築法的
英文釋義
of or relating to architecture : conforming to the rules of architecture
例句 Example
architectural features
建築特色

autonomous

60
中文翻譯
adj.自治的; 獨立自主的; 有主見的
英文釋義
having the right or power of self-government
例句 Example
an autonomous republic/state/province
自治共和國 / 州 / 省

gap

61
中文翻譯
n.缺口; 間隔; 差距
英文釋義
a break in a barrier (such as a wall, hedge, or line of military defense)
例句 Example
a gap in a hedge
樹籬的豁口

observe

62
中文翻譯
v.觀察; 看到; 評論; 遵守; 慶祝
英文釋義
to conform one's action or practice to (something, such as a law, rite, or condition) : comply with
例句 Example
Have you observed any changes lately?
最近你注意到什麼變化沒有？

receptor

63
中文翻譯
n.[生]感受器，受體; [電]感受器，接收器; [化]接受器; 感覺器官
英文釋義
receiver: such as
例句 Example
...the information receptors in our brain.
我們大腦裏的信息感受器

spacer

64
中文翻譯
n.取間隔的裝置，逆電流器
英文釋義
a device or piece used to create or maintain a desired amount of space (as between two parts)
例句 Example
Washer or spacer with adjustable inside and outside diameters.
內徑和外徑都可調整的墊圈或墊片.

chapter

65
中文翻譯
n.章迴; 階段; 時期; 全體相關神職人員; 分會
英文釋義
a main division of a book
例句 Example
the local chapter of the Rotary club
扶輪國際的地方分會

mechanistic

66
中文翻譯
adj.機械論學說的，機械論的
英文釋義
mechanically determined
例句 Example
the mechanistic philosophy that compares the brain to a computer
將人腦比作電腦的機械論哲學

introduce

67
中文翻譯
v.引進; 介紹; 初次瞭解; 主持; 推行; 創始; 將…提交討論; 添入
英文釋義
to lead to or make known by a formal act, announcement, or recommendation: such as
例句 Example
Can I introduce my wife?
我來介紹一下我的妻子。

insert

68
中文翻譯
vt.插入; 嵌入; （在文章中）添加; 加插n.添入物（尤指一頁印刷品圖中插入或套印的小圖）; （書報的）插頁; 插入物; 添加物
英文釋義
to put or thrust in
例句 Example
Insert coins into the slot and press for a ticket.
把硬幣放進投幣口，按鈕取票。

label

69
中文翻譯
n.標簽; 標記; 稱謂; 唱片公司v.貼標簽於; 用標簽錶明; （尤指不公平地）把…稱之為
英文釋義
a slip (as of paper or cloth) inscribed and affixed to something for identification or description
例句 Example
The washing instructions are on the label.
洗滌說明在標簽上。

salmonella

70
中文翻譯
n.沙門氏菌
英文釋義
any of a genus (Salmonella) of usually motile enterobacteria that are pathogenic for humans and other warm-blooded animals and cause food poisoning, gastrointestinal inflammation, typhoid fever, or septicemia
例句 Example
cases of salmonella poisoning
沙門菌中毒病例

gen

71
中文翻譯
n.<英俚>情報
英文釋義
generation —often used in combination
例句 Example
Gen. Clark: I still get letters from my students and they have done very well.
剋拉剋將軍: 我仍收到我的學生們的來信,他們乾得都很好.

lytic

72
中文翻譯
adj.細胞溶解酶的
英文釋義
of or relating to lysis or a lysin; also : productive of or effecting lysis (as of cells)
例句 Example
Turnover of cytoplasmic constituents involves both synthetic and lytic processes.
細胞質組分的周轉既包括閤成也包括分解過程.

particle

73
中文翻譯
n.微粒，顆粒; [數，物]粒子，質點; 極小量; 小品詞
英文釋義
a minute quantity or fragment
例句 Example
particles of dust
灰塵

bend

74
中文翻譯
v.彎腰; （使）彎麯; 屈從; 拐彎; 篡改，歪麯n.拐彎處，彎道; 彎麯; 屈肢癥
英文釋義
to constrain or strain to tension by curving
例句 Example
The knives were bent out of shape.
那些刀已經彎麯變形瞭。

transcribe

75
中文翻譯
vt.（用不同的錄音手段）轉錄; 抄寫，謄寫; 改編（樂麯）（以適應他種樂器或聲部）
英文釋義
to make a written copy of
例句 Example
Clerks transcribe everything that is said in court.
書記員把在法庭上所有的話都記錄在案。