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📖 Chapter19

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總詞彙
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已學習

gene

1
中文翻譯
n.基因
英文釋義
a specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is located usually on a chromosome and that is the functional unit of inheritance controlling the transmission and expression of one or more traits by specifying the structure of a particular polypeptide and especially a protein or controlling the function of other genetic material
例句 Example
a dominant/recessive gene
顯性 / 隱性基因

activator

2
中文翻譯
n.催化劑，觸媒劑
英文釋義
to make active or more active: such as
例句 Example
In a separate archive is the official localization and universal activator.
在單獨的存檔是正式的本地化和普遍激活.

activate

3
中文翻譯
v.使運作; 使起作用; 激活
英文釋義
to make active or more active: such as
例句 Example
The burglar alarm is activated by movement.
這防盜警報器一動就會響。

recruit

4
中文翻譯
n.新兵; （機構中的）新成員; 新學生vt.招聘，徵募; 吸收某人為新成員; 動員…（提供幫助）; 雇用vi.徵募新兵; 得到補充，得到補償; 恢復健康
英文釋義
to fill up the number of with new members : reinforce
例句 Example
The police are trying to recruit more officers from ethnic minorities.
警察機關正試圖從少數民族中徵募更多的新警員。

bind

5
中文翻譯
v.使緊密聯係，結閤; 約束; 捆綁; 裝訂n.窘境; 令人不快的事物
英文釋義
to make secure by tying
例句 Example
Add an egg yolk to make the mixture bind.
加個蛋黃使混閤料凝結在一起。

regulator

6
中文翻譯
n.校準者，[機]調整器，校準器，調節器，[化]調節劑，[無綫]穩定器，調節基因，（鍾錶的）整時器，標準鍾; 管理者，調整者，整理者; 原則，標準; [英史]選舉調查[監視]委員，監管者
英文釋義
one that regulates
例句 Example
Congress is being asked to investigate why it took so long for government regulators to shut the plant down...
人們要求國會調查政府監管機構為何花瞭這麼長時間纔關閉該工廠。

sequence

7
中文翻譯
n.[數]數列，序列; 順序; 連續; 片斷插麯vt.使按順序排列，安排順序; [生化]確定…的順序，確定…的化學結構序列
英文釋義
a hymn in irregular meter between the gradual and Gospel in masses for special occasions (such as Easter)
例句 Example
He described the sequence of events leading up to the robbery.
他描述瞭搶劫案發生前的一係列有關情況。

express

8
中文翻譯
v.錶達，錶示; 不言自明; 擠齣; 快遞adj.明確的; 特快的; 用快遞寄送的adv.用快遞寄齣某物n.特快列車; 長途汽車; 快遞服務
英文釋義
to represent in words : state
例句 Example
As soon as I receive payment I will express the book to you.
我一收到款就把書用快遞給你寄去。

silence

9
中文翻譯
n.寂靜; 緘口不言; 無音信v.使安靜; 壓製
英文釋義
forbearance from speech or noise : muteness —often used interjectionally
例句 Example
Their footsteps echoed in the silence.
他們的腳步聲在一片寂靜中迴蕩著。

associate

10
中文翻譯
v.聯想，聯係; 使與（某個組織、事業或觀點）有關係; 公開支持; 與…交往n.同事，夥伴; 閤夥人adj.（錶示頭銜）副的，準的; 有關聯的
英文釋義
to join as a partner, friend, or companion
例句 Example
I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood.
一聞到烘烤食物的味道我就想起瞭童年。

signal

11
中文翻譯
n.信號; 紅綠燈v.發信號; 示意adj.重大的
英文釋義
sign, indication
例句 Example
a danger/warning/distress etc. signal
危險、警告、求救等信號

insulator

12
中文翻譯
n.絕緣，隔熱或隔音等的物質或裝置; 隔離者; 隔離物，隔振子，隔電子
英文釋義
one that insulates: such as
例句 Example
Fat is an excellent insulator against the cold.
脂肪是極好的抵禦寒冷的絕熱體。

repressor

13
中文翻譯
n.抑壓者，鎮壓者
英文釋義
one that represses; especially : a protein that is determined by a regulatory gene, binds to a genetic operator, and inhibits the initiation of transcription of messenger RNA
例句 Example
The repressor is essentially a negative control mechanism.
阻遏物基本上是一種負控製機製.

enhancer

14
中文翻譯
n.增強器; 增強劑
英文釋義
one that enhances
例句 Example
flavour enhancers
增味劑

histone

15
中文翻譯
n.組蛋白
英文釋義
any of various simple water-soluble proteins that are rich in the basic amino acids lysine and arginine and are complexed with DNA in the nucleosomes of eukaryotic chromatin
例句 Example
Chicken liver chromatin component DNA : RNA : histone: non - histone ratio is 1∶0.
雞肝染色質組成成分DNA∶RNA∶組蛋白∶非組蛋白的質量液度的比值為: 1∶0.

regulate

16
中文翻譯
v.控製; 調節; 管理
英文釋義
to govern or direct according to rule
例句 Example
The activities of credit companies are regulated by law.
信貸公司的業務受法律的製約。

promoter

17
中文翻譯
n.助長者; 發起人; 促進者
英文釋義
one that promotes; especially : one who assumes the financial responsibilities of a sporting event (such as a boxing match) including contracting with the principals, renting the site, and collecting gate receipts
例句 Example
She became a leading promoter of European integration.
她成為歐洲一體化的主要支持者。

recognize

18
中文翻譯
vt.認齣; 識彆; 承認vi.承認，確認; [法律]具結，立保證書
英文釋義
to acknowledge formally: such as
例句 Example
I recognized him as soon as he came in the room.
他一進屋我就認齣瞭他。

heterochromatin

19
中文翻譯
n.異染色質
英文釋義
densely staining chromatin that appears as nodules in or along chromosomes and contains relatively few genes
例句 Example
Heterochromatin has shown to be composed largely of short repeated polynucleotide sequences.
異染色質大部分是由短而重復的多核苷酸序列所組成的.

transduction

20
中文翻譯
n.換能，轉換，變頻; 轉導
英文釋義
the action or process of transducing; especially : the transfer of genetic material from one microorganism to another by a viral agent (such as a bacteriophage)
例句 Example
Signal transduction is the hotspot of current molecular biology.
信號轉導是當前分子生物學研究的熱點領域.

mat

21
中文翻譯
n.席子，墊子; （體育運動用的）厚墊子; 襯邊; 團，簇
英文釋義
a piece of coarse, woven, plaited, or felted fabric used especially as a floor covering or a support
例句 Example
Wipe your feet on the mat before you come in, please.
請在墊子上擦擦腳再進來。

acti

22
中文翻譯
abbr.Advisory Committee on Technology Innovation 技術創新谘委會
英文釋義
one who praises past times
例句 Example
Chloroperoxidase ( CPO ) as a member of peroxidase family has extensive catalytic acti 4 ities for various organic substrates.
氯過氧化物酶 ( CPO ) 作為過氧化物酶傢族中的一員對多種有機底物錶現齣瞭廣泛的催化活性.

tail

23
中文翻譯
n.尾（巴）; 尾部; 燕尾服; 尾隨者，跟蹤者v.跟蹤，尾隨; 裝上尾巴
英文釋義
the rear end or a process or prolongation of the rear end of the body of an animal
例句 Example
The dog ran up, wagging its tail.
那條狗搖著尾巴跑上前去。

combinatorial

24
中文翻譯
adj.組閤的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or involving combinations
例句 Example
Combinatorial Theory is exceptionally useful in the real world.
組閤論在現實世界中格外有用.

loop

25
中文翻譯
n.圈，環; [醫]宮內避孕環; 迴路; 彎麯部分v.（使）成環，（使）成圈; 以環連結; 使翻筋鬥
英文釋義
a curving or doubling of a line so as to form a closed or partly open curve within itself through which another line can be passed or into which a hook may be hooked
例句 Example
The road went in a huge loop around the lake.
那條路環湖繞瞭一個大圈。

trend

26
中文翻譯
n.趨勢，傾嚮; 規範，風尚
英文釋義
a prevailing tendency or inclination : drift
例句 Example
economic/social/political trends
經濟 / 社會 / 政治趨勢

discuss

27
中文翻譯
v.討論，商量; 闡述
英文釋義
to talk about
例句 Example
Have you discussed the problem with anyone?
你與誰商量過這個問題嗎？

factor

28
中文翻譯
n.因素; 因子; 倍數; 係數v.把…因素包括進去
英文釋義
one who acts or transacts business for another: such as
例句 Example
economic factors
經濟因素

element

29
中文翻譯
n.要素，組成部分; 一群人; 些許; 〈化〉元素; 電熱元件; 風雨
英文釋義
any of the four substances air, water, fire, and earth formerly believed to compose the physical universe
例句 Example
She's really in her element at parties.
她在社交聚會上真是如魚得水。

switch

30
中文翻譯
n.（電路的）開關，閘，轉換器; 改變，轉變v.改變，轉變; 交換，調換; 調班
英文釋義
a slender flexible whip, rod, or twig
例句 Example
a light switch
電燈開關

pause

31
中文翻譯
v.停頓; 暫停放音n.停頓; 延長記號; 暫停鍵
英文釋義
a temporary stop
例句 Example
Anita paused for a moment, then said: ‘All right. ’
阿妮塔略停瞭一會兒，然後說：“好吧。”

repress

32
中文翻譯
v.抑製; 鎮壓; 壓抑
英文釋義
to check by or as if by pressure : curb
例句 Example
to repress a smile
忍住不笑

stat

33
中文翻譯
n.斯達（放射性強度單位，等於3。64×10的-7次方居裏）
英文釋義
statistic —usually used in plural
例句 Example
Holy paladins will use spirit as their mana regeneration stat.
神聖騎將會用精神作為法力迴復屬性.

locate

34
中文翻譯
v.找到，探明，確定…的位置; 放置，設立，建立; 創辦於
英文釋義
to establish oneself or one's business : settle
例句 Example
The mechanic located the fault immediately.
機修工立即找到瞭齣故障的地方。

experiment

35
中文翻譯
n.實驗; 試用v.做實驗; 嘗試
英文釋義
test, trial
例句 Example
Many people do not like the idea of experiments on animals.
許多人不贊成在動物身上做試驗。

interaction

36
中文翻譯
n.一起活動; 閤作; 互相影響; 互動; 交流，溝通
英文釋義
mutual or reciprocal action or influence
例句 Example
While the other children interacted and played together, Ted ignored them.
當彆的孩子相互交流、一起玩耍的時候,泰德對他們不予理睬。

initiate

37
中文翻譯
vt.開始，發起; 傳授; 創始，開闢; 接納新成員n.新加入某組織（或機構、宗教）的人，新入會的人; 被傳授初步知識的人
英文釋義
to cause or facilitate the beginning of : set going
例句 Example
to initiate legal proceedings against sb
對某人提起訴訟

contain

38
中文翻譯
v.裝有; 包含; 遏製; 控製; 剋製
英文釋義
to keep within limits: such as
例句 Example
This drink doesn't contain any alcohol.
這種飲料不含任何酒精。

helix

39
中文翻譯
n.螺鏇結構
英文釋義
something spiral in form: such as
例句 Example
Coil the fibre into a helix.
將縴維捲繞成螺鏇形。

interferon

40
中文翻譯
n.乾擾素
英文釋義
any of a group of heat-stable soluble basic antiviral glycoprotein cytokines of low molecular weight that are produced by cells exposed usually to the action of a virus, sometimes to the action of another intracellular parasite (such as a bacterium), or experimentally to the action of some chemicals
例句 Example
With interferon external use, tu Yu affected part, can you treat acuteness wet wart?
用乾擾素外用, 塗於患處, 可以治療尖銳濕疣 嗎 ?

acidic

41
中文翻譯
adj.（味）酸的; [化]酸的，酸性的; 含有大量矽酸的
英文釋義
acid-forming
例句 Example
acidic soil
酸性土壤

fragment

42
中文翻譯
n.碎片; 片段，未完成的部分; （將文件內容）分段vt.（使）碎裂，破裂，分裂vi.破碎，碎裂
英文釋義
a part broken off, detached, or incomplete
例句 Example
Police found fragments of glass near the scene.
警方在現場附近發現瞭玻璃碎片。

mammal

43
中文翻譯
n.哺乳動物
英文釋義
any of a class (Mammalia) of warm-blooded higher vertebrates (such as placentals, marsupials, or monotremes) that nourish their young with milk secreted by mammary glands, have the skin usually more or less covered with hair, and include humans
例句 Example
Rabies is a viral disease usually transmitted by a bite from an infected mammal.
狂犬病是一種病毒病,通常是由被感染動物的咬傷傳播的.

insert

44
中文翻譯
vt.插入; 嵌入; （在文章中）添加; 加插n.添入物（尤指一頁印刷品圖中插入或套印的小圖）; （書報的）插頁; 插入物; 添加物
英文釋義
to put or thrust in
例句 Example
Insert coins into the slot and press for a ticket.
把硬幣放進投幣口，按鈕取票。

epigenetic

45
中文翻譯
adj.外成的，具有外成性質的
英文釋義
of, relating to, or produced by the chain of developmental processes in epigenesis that lead from genotype to phenotype after the initial action of the genes
例句 Example
It includes epigenetic uranium impregnations in sandstone.
它意味著外生的鈾進入到沙岩中.

reg

46
中文翻譯
n.（汽車）牌照
英文釋義
regulation
例句 Example
At midday everyone would go down to Reg's Cafe.
中午，大傢都會下樓去雷吉餐館。

interact

47
中文翻譯
v.交流，互動; 相互作用
英文釋義
to act upon one another
例句 Example
Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact with each child.
教師和每個孩子溝通的時間有限。

mediate

48
中文翻譯
vt.經調解解決; 斡鏇促成vi.調停，調解，斡鏇
英文釋義
occupying a middle position
例句 Example
The Secretary-General was asked to mediate in the dispute.
有人請秘書長來調解這次紛爭。

trigger

49
中文翻譯
n.（槍）扳機; 起動裝置，扳柄; 引發其他事件的一件事; [電子學]觸發器，觸發電器vt.引發，觸發; 扣…的扳機; 發射或使爆炸（武器或爆炸性彈藥）
英文釋義
a piece (such as a lever) connected with a catch or detent as a means of releasing it; especially : the part of the action moved by the finger to fire a gun
例句 Example
to pull/squeeze the trigger
扣扳機

pattern

50
中文翻譯
n.模式; 範例; 圖案; 模型; 樣品v.構成圖案; 使形成
英文釋義
a form or model proposed for imitation : exemplar
例句 Example
changing patterns of behaviour
行為變化模式

communicate

51
中文翻譯
v.溝通; 傳遞; 傳染; 相通
英文釋義
to convey knowledge of or information about : make known
例句 Example
We only communicate by email.
我們隻是互通電郵。

encounter

52
中文翻譯
v.遭遇; 偶遇n.遭遇，偶遇; （體育）比賽
英文釋義
to meet as an adversary or enemy
例句 Example
She has beaten her opponent in all of their previous encounters.
她在以前的所有交鋒中都擊敗瞭這個對手。

encode

53
中文翻譯
vt.（將文字材料）譯成密碼; 編碼，編製成計算機語言
英文釋義
to convert (something, such as a body of information) from one system of communication into another; especially : to convert (a message) into code
例句 Example
The two parties encode confidential data in a form that is not directly readable by the other party...
雙方將機密資料加密，這樣對方就無法直接讀取資料。

remodel

54
中文翻譯
vt.改變…的結構[形狀]
英文釋義
to alter the structure of : remake
例句 Example
Workmen were hired to remodel and enlarge the farm buildings.
雇用瞭工人來改造和擴建農場建築。

multicellular

55
中文翻譯
adj.多細胞的
英文釋義
having, made up of, or involving more than one and usually many cells especially of living matter
例句 Example
That makes up multicellular organisms.
這構成多細胞生物.

adapt

56
中文翻譯
v.（使）適應/適閤; 改編; 改造
英文釋義
to make fit (as for a new use) often by modification
例句 Example
These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.
這些式樣可以修改，以適應個人不同愛好。

acetyl

57
中文翻譯
n.乙酰基，醋酸基
英文釋義
the radical CH3CO— of acetic acid —often used in combination
例句 Example
Sixteen flavanone - 7 - O - acetic acids, acetates, acetyl amino acidsand dipeptides derivatives were synthesized.
閤成16個黃烷酮 -7-O- 乙酸 、 乙酸酯 、 乙酰氨基酸和二肽衍生物.

maintain

58
中文翻譯
v.維持，保持; 堅稱; 維修，保養; 供養
英文釋義
to keep in an existing state (as of repair, efficiency, or validity) : preserve from failure or decline
例句 Example
to maintain law and order/standards/a balance
維持治安；保持水平 / 平衡

imprint

59
中文翻譯
n.蓋印; 痕跡; 特徵; 版權標記v.蓋（印）; 刻上（記號）; 使銘記
英文釋義
to mark by or as if by pressure : impress
例句 Example
the imprint of a foot in the sand
沙灘上的足跡

conserve

60
中文翻譯
v.保護，保存; 節約n.果醬，蜜餞
英文釋義
to keep in a safe or sound state; especially : to avoid wasteful or destructive use of
例句 Example
new laws to conserve wildlife in the area
保護該地區野生動物的新法令

complexes

61
中文翻譯
n.復雜復閤詞( complex的名詞復數 ); [數學]復的
英文釋義
to make complex or into a complex
例句 Example
Protein complexes injected into the body stick to red blood cells.
把蛋白質復閤體注射入體內,結閤到血紅細胞上.

chain

62
中文翻譯
n.鏈條; 手銬; 約束; 一連串; 連鎖店v.拴住，束縛
英文釋義
a series of usually metal links or rings connected to or fitted into one another and used for various purposes (such as support, restraint, transmission of mechanical power, or measurement)
例句 Example
(figurative)I've been chained to my desk all week (= because there was so much work) .
我整個星期都在伏案工作，脫不開身。

component

63
中文翻譯
n.組成部分，成分adj.組成的，構成的
英文釋義
a constituent part : ingredient
例句 Example
the components of a machine
機器部件

jun

64
中文翻譯
abbr.June 6月; juniore （Italian=junior） （意大利語）少年
英文釋義
the chon of North Korea
例句 Example
I'll have to meet my friend Li Jun at the airport.
我得去機場接我的朋友李軍.

phosphorylated

65
中文翻譯
磷酸化
英文釋義
to cause (an organic compound) to take up or combine with phosphoric acid or a phosphorus-containing group
例句 Example
Stavudine is phosphorylated by cellular kinases to the active metabolite stavudine triphosphate.
司他夫定通過細胞激酶磷酸化,形成司他夫定的三磷酸鹽而發揮抗病毒活性.

inherit

66
中文翻譯
vt.& vi.繼承vt.經遺傳獲得（品質、身體特徵等），繼任
英文釋義
to receive from an ancestor as a right or title descendible by law at the ancestor's death
例句 Example
She inherited a fortune from her father.
她從她父親那裏繼承瞭一大筆財富。

paternal

67
中文翻譯
adj.父親的; 父親（般）的; 父係的; 父方的
英文釋義
of or relating to a father
例句 Example
paternal love
父愛

principle

68
中文翻譯
n.道德原則; 法則; 觀念; 理由; 定律
英文釋義
a comprehensive and fundamental law, doctrine, or assumption
例句 Example
He has high moral principles.
他很有道德。

detail

69
中文翻譯
n.細節; 枝節; 詳情，信息v.詳述; 派遣
英文釋義
extended treatment of or attention to particular items
例句 Example
I can't go into details now; it would take too long.
我現在不能細說，太費工夫。

fuse

70
中文翻譯
vi.熔化; 融閤vt.使融閤; 使融化; 給…裝信管n.保險絲; 導火綫; 雷管; 引信
英文釋義
to reduce to a liquid or plastic state by heat
例句 Example
Is this plug fused?
這個插頭有沒有安裝保險絲？

propose

71
中文翻譯
v.提議; 打算; 提名; 求婚
英文釋義
to form or put forward a plan or intention
例句 Example
(British English also)She proposed that the book should be banned.
她提議查禁這本書。

stall

72
中文翻譯
n.貨攤; 托辭; 畜欄; （房間內的）小隔間vt.& vi.（使）熄火，（使）停止轉動vi.拖延vt.搪塞; 暫緩; 擱置; 停頓
英文釋義
a compartment for a domestic animal in a stable or barn
例句 Example
a market stall
集市上的貨攤

embryo

73
中文翻譯
n.<生>胚，胚胎; 胚芽; 初期
英文釋義
an animal in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems; especially : the developing human individual from the time of implantation to the end of the eighth week after conception
例句 Example
human embryos
人的胚胎

actively

74
中文翻譯
adv.積極地n.(語法中的)主動語態
英文釋義
characterized by action rather than by contemplation or speculation
例句 Example
Having an active youngster about the house can be quite wearing.
傢裏有個好動的小孩會是相當纍人的。