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📖 Chapter9

61
總詞彙
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當前
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已學習

slide

1
中文翻譯
v.滑動; 悄悄地溜到; 不自覺地陷入…; 貶值n.降低; 滑行; 幻燈片; 載玻片; 滑梯; 山崩; 拉管
英文釋義
to move smoothly along a surface : slip
例句 Example
We slid down the grassy slope.
我們從草坡上滑瞭下來。

strand

2
中文翻譯
n.（繩子的）股，絞; 海濱，河岸; （思想等的）一個組成部分vt.使滯留，使擱淺; 使陷於睏境vi.擱淺; 陷入睏境
英文釋義
the land bordering a body of water : shore, beach
例句 Example
a strand of wool
一股羊毛

load

3
中文翻譯
v.裝載; 裝填彈藥n.負載; 裝載量; 承載量; 大量; 工作量; 沉重感; 供電量
英文釋義
the quantity that can be carried at one time by a specified means; especially : a measured quantity of a commodity fixed for each type of carrier —often used in combination
例句 Example
The trucks waited at the warehouse to pick up their loads.
貨車在倉庫等著裝載貨物。

telomerase

4
中文翻譯
n.端粒酶
英文釋義
a DNA polymerase that is a ribonucleoprotein catalyzing the elongation of chromosomal telomeres in eukaryotic cell division and is particularly active in cancer cells
例句 Example
Abstract: Objective To investigate telomerase activity in patients with psoriasis.
文摘: 目的探討銀屑病的端粒酶活性錶達情況.

lag

5
中文翻譯
vi.走得極慢，落後vt.落後於; 給…加上外套; 把…關進牢裏; 逮捕
英文釋義
a falling or staying behind : the act or the condition of lagging
例句 Example
The little boy lagged behind his parents.
那小男孩落在瞭父母的後麵。

initiation

6
中文翻譯
n.開始; 啓濛; 入會儀式
英文釋義
the act or an instance of initiating
例句 Example
an initiation ceremony
入會儀式

replicate

7
中文翻譯
vt.復製，復寫; 重復，反復; 摺轉; [生] 復製
英文釋義
duplicate, repeat
例句 Example
Subsequent experiments failed to replicate these findings.
後來的實驗沒有得齣同樣的結果。

polymerase

8
中文翻譯
n.聚閤酶
英文釋義
any of several enzymes that catalyze the formation of DNA or RNA from precursor substances in the presence of preexisting DNA or RNA acting as a template
例句 Example
Methods Polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) connected with reverse dot blot ( RDB ) were performed.
方法采用多聚酶鏈反應 ( PCR ) 結閤反嚮斑點雜交 ( RDB ) 技術.

interaction

9
中文翻譯
n.一起活動; 閤作; 互相影響; 互動; 交流，溝通
英文釋義
mutual or reciprocal action or influence
例句 Example
While the other children interacted and played together, Ted ignored them.
當彆的孩子相互交流、一起玩耍的時候,泰德對他們不予理睬。

synthesize

10
中文翻譯
vt.綜閤; 人工閤成; （通過化學手段或生物過程）閤成; （音響）閤成vi.閤成; 綜閤
英文釋義
to combine or produce by synthesis
例句 Example
After extensive research, Albert Hoffman first succeeded in synthesizing the acid in 1938...
經過大量研究，艾伯特·霍夫曼於 1938 年首次成功閤成瞭該酸性物質。

initiator

11
中文翻譯
n.創始人; 發起人; 傳授者; 教導者
英文釋義
to cause or facilitate the beginning of : set going
例句 Example
...one of the major initiators of the tumultuous changes in Eastern Europe.
東歐劇變主要的發起者之一

bind

12
中文翻譯
v.使緊密聯係，結閤; 約束; 捆綁; 裝訂n.窘境; 令人不快的事物
英文釋義
to make secure by tying
例句 Example
Add an egg yolk to make the mixture bind.
加個蛋黃使混閤料凝結在一起。

associate

13
中文翻譯
v.聯想，聯係; 使與（某個組織、事業或觀點）有關係; 公開支持; 與…交往n.同事，夥伴; 閤夥人adj.（錶示頭銜）副的，準的; 有關聯的
英文釋義
to join as a partner, friend, or companion
例句 Example
I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood.
一聞到烘烤食物的味道我就想起瞭童年。

nucleotide

14
中文翻譯
n.<生化>核苷酸
英文釋義
any of several compounds that consist of a ribose or deoxyribose sugar joined to a purine or pyrimidine base and to a phosphate group and that are the basic structural units of nucleic acids (such as RNA and DNA)
例句 Example
The holoenzyme recognizes specific nucleotide sequences on the DNA duplex ( promoters ).
全酶還能識彆DNA雙鏈分子上的特定核苷酸序列 ( 起動基因 ).

sequence

15
中文翻譯
n.[數]數列，序列; 順序; 連續; 片斷插麯vt.使按順序排列，安排順序; [生化]確定…的順序，確定…的化學結構序列
英文釋義
a hymn in irregular meter between the gradual and Gospel in masses for special occasions (such as Easter)
例句 Example
He described the sequence of events leading up to the robbery.
他描述瞭搶劫案發生前的一係列有關情況。

primer

16
中文翻譯
n.底漆; 啓濛讀本; 入門書
英文釋義
a small book for teaching children to read
例句 Example
The President doesn't need a primer on national security.
總統對於國傢安全是不需要讀入門書的。

clamp

17
中文翻譯
v.夾住，固定; 緊緊抓住; 給（車輛）上夾鉗n.夾子; 車輪夾鎖
英文釋義
a device designed to bind or constrict or to press two or more parts together so as to hold them firmly
例句 Example
Clamp one end of the plank to the edge of the table.
把厚木闆的一端用夾具固定在桌子的邊上。

fragment

18
中文翻譯
n.碎片; 片段，未完成的部分; （將文件內容）分段vt.（使）碎裂，破裂，分裂vi.破碎，碎裂
英文釋義
a part broken off, detached, or incomplete
例句 Example
Police found fragments of glass near the scene.
警方在現場附近發現瞭玻璃碎片。

holoenzyme

19
中文翻譯
n.全酶
英文釋義
a catalytically active enzyme consisting of an apoenzyme combined with its cofactor
例句 Example
The holoenzyme recognizes specific nucleotide sequences on the DNA duplex ( promoters ).
全酶還能識彆DNA雙鏈分子上的特定核苷酸序列 ( 起動基因 ).

origin

20
中文翻譯
n.起源; 齣身
英文釋義
ancestry, parentage
例句 Example
the origins of life on earth
地球上生命的起源

incoming

21
中文翻譯
adj.進來的，迴來的; 即將就任的; 增殖的; （居民等）移來的
英文釋義
taking a new place or position especially as part of a succession
例句 Example
the incoming government/president/administration
新一屆政府 / 總統 / 行政當局

unwind

22
中文翻譯
vt.& vi.展開，從纏繞中解開; （使）心情輕鬆vi.放鬆，解開，鬆開
英文釋義
to cause to uncoil : wind off : unroll
例句 Example
to unwind a ball of string
解開一團繩

label

23
中文翻譯
n.標簽; 標記; 稱謂; 唱片公司v.貼標簽於; 用標簽錶明; （尤指不公平地）把…稱之為
英文釋義
a slip (as of paper or cloth) inscribed and affixed to something for identification or description
例句 Example
The washing instructions are on the label.
洗滌說明在標簽上。

initiate

24
中文翻譯
vt.開始，發起; 傳授; 創始，開闢; 接納新成員n.新加入某組織（或機構、宗教）的人，新入會的人; 被傳授初步知識的人
英文釋義
to cause or facilitate the beginning of : set going
例句 Example
to initiate legal proceedings against sb
對某人提起訴訟

activate

25
中文翻譯
v.使運作; 使起作用; 激活
英文釋義
to make active or more active: such as
例句 Example
The burglar alarm is activated by movement.
這防盜警報器一動就會響。

repeat

26
中文翻譯
v.重復; 復述; 反復說; 重復做; 重復發生; 留有餘味n.再次發生; 重播; 重復部分adj.迴頭客的
英文釋義
to say or state again
例句 Example
to repeat a question
重復一遍問題

extend

27
中文翻譯
v.延長; 擴展，擴大; 提供
英文釋義
to spread or stretch forth : unbend
例句 Example
to extend a fence/road/house
擴建護欄 / 公路 / 房子

recruit

28
中文翻譯
n.新兵; （機構中的）新成員; 新學生vt.招聘，徵募; 吸收某人為新成員; 動員…（提供幫助）; 雇用vi.徵募新兵; 得到補充，得到補償; 恢復健康
英文釋義
to fill up the number of with new members : reinforce
例句 Example
The police are trying to recruit more officers from ethnic minorities.
警察機關正試圖從少數民族中徵募更多的新警員。

encircle

29
中文翻譯
vt.包圍; 圍繞
英文釋義
to form a circle around : surround
例句 Example
The island is encircled by a coral reef.
這個島周圍都是珊瑚礁。

replica

30
中文翻譯
n.復製品
英文釋義
an exact reproduction (as of a painting) executed by the original artist
例句 Example
a replica of the Eiffel tower
埃菲爾鐵塔模型

telomere

31
中文翻譯
n.端粒（在染色體端位上的著絲點）
英文釋義
the natural end of a eukaryotic chromosome composed of a usually repetitive DNA sequence and serving to stabilize the chromosome
例句 Example
Conclusion Telomere reduction and telomerase activation are critical factor during oncogenesis.
結論端粒縮短並激活端粒酶是涎腺腫瘤形成的重要因素.

dramatically

32
中文翻譯
adv.戲劇地; 顯著地
英文釋義
of or relating to drama
例句 Example
Painting styles changed dramatically under the influence of the reform and opening policy.
新時期的油畫同中國美術創作一樣,在撥亂反正之後的改革開放中,發生瞭重大的轉變.

mismatch

33
中文翻譯
n.錯配，失諧
英文釋義
a faulty or unsuitable match
例句 Example
a mismatch between people's real needs and the available facilities
人民的切實需要和現有設施之間的不協調

intermediate

34
中文翻譯
adj.中間的，中級的n.中間物，中間分子，中間人
英文釋義
being or occurring at the middle place, stage, or degree or between extremes
例句 Example
an intermediate stage/step in a process
中間階段 / 步驟

subunit

35
中文翻譯
n.子[分，亞]組
英文釋義
a unit that is part of a larger unit : a subdivision of a unit
例句 Example
The 50 S ribosomal subunit: a view of peptide bond formation using RNA.
50S核糖體亞基: 利用RNA閤成肽鍵的觀點.

polymerases

36
中文翻譯
n.聚閤酶
英文釋義
any of several enzymes that catalyze the formation of DNA or RNA from precursor substances in the presence of preexisting DNA or RNA acting as a template
例句 Example
Most mammalian cells contain multiple species of DNA dependent DNA polymerases.
大部分哺乳動物細胞均含有多種依賴DNA的DNA聚閤酶.

proofread

37
中文翻譯
vt.校正; 校對; 校勘vi.做校對工作
英文釋義
to read and mark corrections in (something, such as a proof)
例句 Example
Has this document been proofread?
這份文件校對過沒有？

arc

38
中文翻譯
n.弧（形）; 電弧v.成弧綫; 呈弧形
英文釋義
the apparent path described above and below the horizon by a celestial body (such as the sun)
例句 Example
the arc of a rainbow
彩虹的弧形

regulate

39
中文翻譯
v.控製; 調節; 管理
英文釋義
to govern or direct according to rule
例句 Example
The activities of credit companies are regulated by law.
信貸公司的業務受法律的製約。

synthesized

40
中文翻譯
v.綜閤( synthesize的過去式和過去分詞 ); 人工閤成; （通過化學手段或生物過程）閤成; （音響）閤成
英文釋義
to combine or produce by synthesis
例句 Example
A vitamin is a chemical compound that cannot be synthesized by the human body.
維生素是一種人體無法閤成的化閤物。

incorrect

41
中文翻譯
adj.錯誤的; 不正確的; 不能接受的; （說話或舉止）不閤規矩的
英文釋義
not true : wrong
例句 Example
incorrect information/spelling
失實的信息；錯誤的拼寫

unwinding

42
中文翻譯
v.展開，從纏繞中解開( unwind的現在分詞 ); （使）心情輕鬆; 放鬆; 退捲
英文釋義
to cause to uncoil : wind off : unroll
例句 Example
Singing is a nice way of unwinding.
唱歌是一種不錯的減壓方法。

involve

43
中文翻譯
v.包含，涉及; （使）加入; 錶明…
英文釋義
to engage as a participant
例句 Example
Any investment involves an element of risk.
任何投資都有一定的風險。

fork

44
中文翻譯
n.餐叉; 岔口; 耙vi.分叉vt.叉起
英文釋義
an implement with two or more prongs used especially for taking up (as in eating), pitching, or digging
例句 Example
to eat with a knife and fork
用刀叉吃東西

component

45
中文翻譯
n.組成部分，成分adj.組成的，構成的
英文釋義
a constituent part : ingredient
例句 Example
the components of a machine
機器部件

describe

46
中文翻譯
v.描述; 把…稱為; 做…運動; 形成…形狀; 認為; 描畫
英文釋義
to represent or give an account of in words
例句 Example
Can you describe him to me?
你能嚮我描述一下他的樣子嗎？

inhibit

47
中文翻譯
v.抑製; 禁止
英文釋義
to prohibit from doing something
例句 Example
A lack of oxygen may inhibit brain development in the unborn child.
缺氧可能阻礙胎兒的大腦發育。

prim

48
中文翻譯
adj.循規蹈矩的; 整潔的; （人）一本正經
英文釋義
stiffly formal and proper : decorous
例句 Example
You can't tell her that joke─she's much too prim and proper .
你可彆跟她講那個笑話，她這個人古闆正經得要命。

stimulate

49
中文翻譯
vt.刺激; 激勵，鼓舞; 使興奮vi.起興奮作用; 起促進作用; 起刺激作用
英文釋義
to excite to activity or growth or to greater activity : animate, arouse
例句 Example
The exhibition has stimulated interest in her work.
展覽增進瞭人們對她作品的興趣。

propose

50
中文翻譯
v.提議; 打算; 提名; 求婚
英文釋義
to form or put forward a plan or intention
例句 Example
(British English also)She proposed that the book should be banned.
她提議查禁這本書。

gin

51
中文翻譯
n.杜鬆子酒，; 軋棉機; 陷阱
英文釋義
a colorless alcoholic beverage made from distilled or redistilled neutral grain spirits flavored with juniper berries and aromatics (such as anise and caraway seeds)
例句 Example
I'll have a gin and tonic, please.
請來一杯加奎寜水的杜鬆子酒。

methylated

52
中文翻譯
adj.甲基化的v.使甲基化( methylate的過去式和過去分詞 )
英文釋義
to introduce the methyl radical into
例句 Example
DNMT 1, in turn, reinforced HP 1 binding to methylated histones.
DNMT1可依次加強Hp1蛋白與甲基化組蛋白相結閤.

substrate

53
中文翻譯
n.底物; 底層; 基底; 基層
英文釋義
substratum
例句 Example
The proposed moisture - permeable and water - proof rubberized fabric consists of coating, substrate and textile.
所研製的透濕防水膠布的結構組成為覆蓋膠層 、 底塗膠層和紡織物層.

adapt

54
中文翻譯
v.（使）適應/適閤; 改編; 改造
英文釋義
to make fit (as for a new use) often by modification
例句 Example
These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.
這些式樣可以修改，以適應個人不同愛好。

ion

55
中文翻譯
n.<物>離子
英文釋義
an atom or group of atoms that carries a positive or negative electric charge as a result of having lost or gained one or more electrons
例句 Example
The principle of ion assisted deposition technology in the vacuum deposition process is discussed.
討論瞭離子束輔助沉積技術在真空沉積過程中的應用原理.

interacts

56
中文翻譯
v.相互作用[影響]，互相配閤( interact的第三人稱單數 ); 交流; 溝通; 閤作
英文釋義
to act upon one another
例句 Example
This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body.
這種荷爾濛與體內其他荷爾濛緊密地相互作用.

cation

57
中文翻譯
n.陽離子
英文釋義
the ion in an electrolyzed solution that migrates to the cathode; broadly : a positively charged ion
例句 Example
The cation penetrates the spore.
這種陽離子能透入孢子.

inhibits

58
中文翻譯
v.阻止，抑製( inhibit的第三人稱單數 ); 使拘束，使尷尬
英文釋義
to prohibit from doing something
例句 Example
Aspirin apparently thins the blood and inhibits clotting.
阿司匹林能顯著地稀釋血液、抑製血液凝結。

derive

59
中文翻譯
v.（使）起源於，來自; 獲得
英文釋義
to take, receive, or obtain especially from a specified source
例句 Example
The word ‘politics ’ is derived from a Greek word meaning ‘city ’.
politics一詞源自希臘語，意思是city。

bond

60
中文翻譯
n.紐帶; 聯係; 書麵的法律協定; 束縛; 羈絆; 枷鎖; 連接; 公債; 債券; 保釋金; 按揭貸款; 化學鍵v.與…緊密聯係; 使建立親密關係
英文釋義
something that binds or restrains : fetter
例句 Example
the bonds of oppression/injustice
壓迫 / 不公正的枷鎖

polymer

61
中文翻譯
n.多聚物; [高分子] 聚閤物
英文釋義
a chemical compound or mixture of compounds formed by polymerization and consisting essentially of repeating structural units
例句 Example
The influences of alkali, polymer, and temperature on adsorption isotherms are also discussed.
同時,探討瞭堿 、 聚閤物 、 溫度對吸附特徵的影響.